| 1. |
- Andersson, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2015 : Resursöversikt
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES).De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua) vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.Rapporten omfattar 40 fiskarter uppdelade i olika bestånd, samt sex skal-och blötdjursarter.Nytt för årets upplaga är en beskrivning av hur de provfisken som ligger till grund för analys och rådgivning utförs.Översikten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder : results from a randomized controlled trial
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. - : Elsevier. - 2211-3649 .- 2211-3657. ; 4, s. 47-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common and disabling disorder. Although evidence-based psychological treatments exists, such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), the cost-effectiveness of CBT has not been properly investigated. In this trial, we used health economic data from a recently conducted randomized controlled trial, where 101 OCD patients were allocated to either internet-based CBT (ICBT) or control condition (online support therapy). We analyzed treatment effectiveness in relation to costs, using both a societal- (including all direct and indirect costs) and a health care unit perspective (including only the direct treatment costs). Bootstrapped net benefit regression analyses were also conducted, comparing the difference in costs and effects between ICBT and control condition, with different willingness-to-pay scenarios. Results showed that ICBT produced one additional remission for an average societal cost of $931 and this figure was even lower ($672) when narrowing the perspective to treatment costs only. The cost-utility analysis also showed that ICBT generated one additional QALY to an average price of $7186 from a societal perspective and $4800 when just analyzing the treatment costs. We conclude that ICBT is a cost-effective treatment and the next step in this line of research is to compare the cost-effectiveness of ICBT with face-to-face CBT. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Wikström, Christina, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of study success : should selection instruments measure cognitive or non-cognitive factors?
- 2009
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Ingår i: Assessment for a creative world.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a number of countries, both high school GPA and admission tests are used in the selection to higher education. The validity research on such instruments has mainly focused on their predictive validity, and the outcome generally shows that the GPA is a better predictor than the test. One explanation is that the grades also measure non-cognitive factors, which are considered important for school performance. Moreover, many admission tests have been criticised for being too alien to what is being taught in schools, hence lacking in relevance for future education. As a consequence, many admission tests are being revised, to be more similar to the school grades in terms of content. A relevant question is if this is the right way to proceed if the main purpose of the test is to predict future study success? This study compares the subtests of a traditional admissions test (the SweSAT) with high school grades in verbal and quantitative subjects in terms of content construct and predictive strength. Success in higher education is measured by the number of credits achieved by students in economics and business administration programmes at Swedish universities. The purpose is to find out if the difference in predictive strength can be related to cognitive or non-cognitive factors. The data is analysed by regression analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM). The findings show that there are differences in content as well as construct, but that variations in predictive strength have to do with both cognitive and non-cognitive factors, where quantitative grades and test scores are more similar in construct than verbal grades and test scores, but also better predictors of performance in higher education. The findings are discussed in relation to previous research, and some suggestions for future research are made.
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| 6. |
- Antinyan, Vard, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Identifying Complex Functions : By Investigating Various Aspects of Code Complexity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2015 Science and Information Conference (SAI). - : IEEE Press. - 9781479985470 - 9781479985487 - 9781479985463 ; , s. 879-888
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The complexity management of software code has become one of the major problems in software development industry. With growing complexity the maintenance effort of code increases. Moreover, various aspects of complexity create difficulties for complexity assessment. The objective of this paper is to investigate the relationships of various aspects of code complexity and propose a method for identifying the most complex functions. We have conducted an action research project in two software development companies and complemented it with a study of three open source products. Four complexity metrics are measured, and their nature and mutual influence are investigated. The results and possible explanations are discussed with software engineers in industry. The results show that there are two distinguishable aspects of complexity of source code functions: Internal and outbound complexities. Those have an inverse relationship. Moreover, the product of them does not seem to be greater than a certain limit, regardless of software size. We present a method that permits identification of most complex functions considering the two aspects of complexities. The evaluation shows that the use of the method is effective in industry: It enables identification of 0.5% most complex functions out of thousands of functions for reengineering.
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| 7. |
- Anvari, Ebrahim, et al.
(författare)
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The novel NADPH oxidase 4 inhibitor GLX351322 counteracts glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-treated C57BL/6 mice
- 2015
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Ingår i: Free radical research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1071-5762 .- 1029-2470. ; 49:11, s. 1308-1318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In type 2 diabetes, it has been proposed that pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction is promoted by oxidative stress caused by NADPH oxidase (NOX) overactivity. Five different NOX enzymes (NOX1-5) have been characterized, among which NOX1 and NOX2 have been proposed to negatively affect beta-cells, but the putative role of NOX4 in type 2 diabetes-associated beta-cell dysfunction and glucose intolerance is largely unknown. Therefore, we presently investigated the importance of NOX4 for high-fat diet or HFD-induced glucose intolerance using male C57BL/6 mice using the new NOX4 inhibitor GLX351322, which has relative NOX4 selectivity over NOX2. In HFD-treated male C57BL/6 mice a two-week treatment with GLX351322 counteracted non-fasting hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance. This effect occurred without any change in peripheral insulin sensitivity. To ascertain that NOX4 also plays a role for the function of human beta-cells, we observed that glucose- and sodium palmitate-induced insulin release from human islets in vitro was increased in response to NOX4 inhibitors. In long-term experiments (1-3 days), high-glucose-induced human islet cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and death were prevented by GLX351322. We propose that while short-term NOX4-generated ROS production is a physiological requirement for beta-cell function, persistent NOX4 activity, for example, during conditions of high-fat feeding, promotes ROS-mediated beta-cell dysfunction. Thus, selective NOX inhibition may be a therapeutic strategy in type 2 diabetes.
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| 10. |
- Bergman, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Heart disease in pregnancy and risk of pre-eclampsia: a Swedish register-based study.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Open heart. - 2053-3624. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pre-eclampsia complicates 3-5% of pregnancies worldwide and is associated with adverse outcomes for the mother and the offspring. Pre-eclampsia and heart failure have common risk factors, including hypertension, obesity and diabetes. It is not known whether heart failure increases the risk of pre-eclampsia. This study examines whether pregestational heart failure increases the risk of pre-eclampsia.In a registry-based case-cohort study that included all pregnancies in Sweden (n=3 125 527) between 1990 and 2019, all pregnancies with pre-eclampsia (n=90 354) were identified and up to five control pregnancies (n=451466) for each case were chosen, matched on the mother's birth year. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of heart failure on the risk of pre-eclampsia, with adjustment for established risk factors and other cardiovascular diseases.Women with heart failure had no increased risk for pre-eclampsia, OR 1.02 (95% CI 0.69 to 1.50). Women with valvular heart disease had an increased OR of preterm pre-eclampsia, with an adjusted OR of 1.78 (95% CI 1.04 to 3.06). Hypertension and diabetes were independent risk factors for pre-eclampsia. Obesity, multifetal pregnancies, in vitro fertilisation, older age, Nordic origin and nulliparity were more common among women who developed pre-eclampsia compared with controls.Women with heart failure do not have an increased risk of pre-eclampsia. However, women with valvular heart disease prior to pregnancy have an increased risk of developing preterm pre-eclampsia independent of other known risk factors.
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