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- Hedmer, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Hygienic guidance values for wipe sampling of antineoplastic drugs in Swedish hospitals.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Monitoring. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1464-0325 .- 1464-0333. ; 14:7, s. 1968-1975
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of antineoplastic drugs in health care steadily increases. Health care workers can be occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs classified as carcinogenic or teratogenic. Monitoring of surface contamination is a common way to assess occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs, since wipe sampling is used as a surrogate measure of dermal exposure. Since no occupational limits for antineoplastic drugs in work environments exist, 'hygienic guidance values' (HGVs) should be used instead. HGVs are practicable, achievable levels, not health based, and can be calculated from exposure data from representative workplaces with good occupational hygiene practices. So far, guidance values for surface monitoring of antineoplastic drugs only exist for pharmacies where antineoplastic drugs are prepared. The objective was to propose HGVs for surface monitoring of cyclophosphamide (CP) and ifosfamide (IF) in Swedish hospitals where antineoplastic drugs are administered to patients. In total, 17 workplaces located at six hospitals in Sweden were surveyed by wipe sampling. Wipe samples were collected, worked up and then analyzed with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Surface contamination of CP and IF was found on 80% and 73% of the sampled surfaces, thus indicating that there is potential for health care workers to be exposed to CP and IF via the skin. The median surface load of CP was 3.3 pg cm(-2) (range <0.05-10 800 pg cm(-2)). The corresponding value for IF was 4.2 pg cm(-2) (range <0.13-95 000 pg cm(-2)). The highest surface loads were found on the floors. The proposed HGVs were set at 90th percentile values, and can be applicable to hospital workplaces where patients are treated with CP or IF. Surface monitoring combined with HGVs is a useful tool for health care workers to regularly benchmark their own surface loads which could control and reduce the occupational exposure to CP and IF in hospital workplaces. Thus, the occupational safety of the health care workers will be increased.
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- Persson, Sylvi, et al.
(författare)
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Fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membrane correlates with rheological properties of the erythrocyte in type II diabetics
- 1991
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Ingår i: 7th European Conference on Clinical Haemorheology, Southampton, United Kingdom, July 16-19, 1991.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The lipid composition of the erythrocyte membrane is said to be of importance for the rheological properties of the cell. Methods: Fatty acid composition of phospholipids from the erythrocyte membrane was studied in 7 patients with type II diabetes when changing from tablets to insulin . Besides it was studied whether the composition of t h e membrane, especially the amount of w-3 fatty acids, influenced the filterability of the red cell. Fatty acid analyses were performed by a Varian 3700 Gas Chromatograph. Blood cell filterability was measured in theSt George'sFiltrometer. Results: Patients with insufficiently controlled diabetes on oral agents, showed high amounts of fatty acids 16:0, 18:l and 20:4 compared t o the reference group. Increased amounts of 16:0, decreased amounts of 18:2, 20:4 and total PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids) were positively related to low RCTT (red cell transit time) when measured before insulin treatment. After insulin treatment only the correlation PUFA/RCTT remained. There were no corresponding findings in the reference group. Conclusion: In poorly controlled type II diabetics the fatty acid composition of the red cell membrane is changed and saturated rather than unsaturated fatty acids, correlate with more filterable cells. Small differences of fatty acid composition i n membrane phospholipids do not influence blood cell rheology in healthy subjects.
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- Persson, Sylvi Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Correlations between fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membrane and blood rheology data
- 1996
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 56, s. 183-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membrane phospholipids (phosphatidyl choline, PC, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine, PE) and erythrocyte filterability was studied in seven subjects with type I1 diabetics before and after change of therapy from oral hypoglycaemic agents to insulin. For comparison the same variables were also studied in 10 healthy controls. In the diabetic group the greatest changes in fatty acid composition were found before treatment in the PE fraction, corresponding to the inner part of the red cell membrane. We found increased values for 16 : 0 (p<0.001), 18 : 1 (p<0.01) and 20 :4 (ω-6) (p<0.05) and decreased values for 16 : 1 (p <0.01) and 18 : 3 (ω-6) (p <0.001), compared to values for the healthy controls. The proportion of fatty acids in the inner leaflet of the membrane did not correlate to the red cell filterability in diabetics or healthy subjects. In the PC fraction, which corresponds to the outer leaflet of the erythrocyte membrane, we found higher values for 16 : 0 (NS), 18 : 1 (p <0.05), 20 : 4 (ω-6) (NS) and 22 : 5 (ω-3) (p <0.01), and lower values for 16 : 1 (p < 0.05) in diabetics, compared to healthy controls. In the PC fraction an increased proportion of 16 : 0 was inversely correlated with red cell transit time (RCTT) (p <0.05), and increased proportions of 16: 1 and 18 : 0 were correlated with a high RCTT (p <0.05). Insulin treatment did not significantly change red cell deformability or the fatty acid composition of the red cell membrane. Our results also indicate that palmitic acid (16 : 0) may be favourable in the PC fraction and stearic acid (18 : 0) unfavourable with respect to the rheological properties of erythrocytes. Key words: Diabetes; Erythrocyte deformability; Erythrocyte phospholipids; Hemorheology; Lipoprotein; Saturated fatty acids; Unsaturated fatty acids.
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