| 1. |
- Bravo, L, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Tabiri, S, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
- Thomas, HS, et al.
(författare)
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- 2019
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Khatri, C, et al.
(författare)
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Outcomes after perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with proximal femoral fractures: an international cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMJ open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:11, s. e050830-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studies have demonstrated high rates of mortality in people with proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, but there is limited published data on the factors that influence mortality for clinicians to make informed treatment decisions. This study aims to report the 30-day mortality associated with perioperative infection of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femoral fractures and to examine the factors that influence mortality in a multivariate analysis.SettingProspective, international, multicentre, observational cohort study.ParticipantsPatients undergoing any operation for a proximal femoral fracture from 1 February to 30 April 2020 and with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection (either 7 days prior or 30-day postoperative).Primary outcome30-day mortality. Multivariate modelling was performed to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality.ResultsThis study reports included 1063 patients from 174 hospitals in 19 countries. Overall 30-day mortality was 29.4% (313/1063). In an adjusted model, 30-day mortality was associated with male gender (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.68 to 3.13, p<0.001), age >80 years (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.31, p=0.013), preoperative diagnosis of dementia (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.16, p=0.005), kidney disease (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.55, p=0.005) and congestive heart failure (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.48, p=0.025). Mortality at 30 days was lower in patients with a preoperative diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.6 (0.42 to 0.85), p=0.004). There was no difference in mortality in patients with an increase to delay in surgery (p=0.220) or type of anaesthetic given (p=0.787).ConclusionsPatients undergoing surgery for a proximal femoral fracture with a perioperative infection of SARS-CoV-2 have a high rate of mortality. This study would support the need for providing these patients with individualised medical and anaesthetic care, including medical optimisation before theatre. Careful preoperative counselling is needed for those with a proximal femoral fracture and SARS-CoV-2, especially those in the highest risk groups.Trial registration numberNCT04323644
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| 6. |
- Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of morbidity and mortality following emergency abdominal surgery in children in low-income and middle-income countries
- 2016
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Ingår i: BMJ Global Health. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2059-7908. ; 1:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health is a key priority on the global health agenda, yet the provision of essential and emergency surgery in children is patchy in resource-poor regions. This study was aimed to determine the mortality risk for emergency abdominal paediatric surgery in low-income countries globally.Methods: Multicentre, international, prospective, cohort study. Self-selected surgical units performing emergency abdominal surgery submitted prespecified data for consecutive children aged <16 years during a 2-week period between July and December 2014. The United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI) was used to stratify countries. The main outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality, analysed by multilevel logistic regression.Results: This study included 1409 patients from 253 centres in 43 countries; 282 children were under 2 years of age. Among them, 265 (18.8%) were from low-HDI, 450 (31.9%) from middle-HDI and 694 (49.3%) from high-HDI countries. The most common operations performed were appendectomy, small bowel resection, pyloromyotomy and correction of intussusception. After adjustment for patient and hospital risk factors, child mortality at 30 days was significantly higher in low-HDI (adjusted OR 7.14 (95% CI 2.52 to 20.23), p<0.001) and middle-HDI (4.42 (1.44 to 13.56), p=0.009) countries compared with high-HDI countries, translating to 40 excess deaths per 1000 procedures performed.Conclusions: Adjusted mortality in children following emergency abdominal surgery may be as high as 7 times greater in low-HDI and middle-HDI countries compared with high-HDI countries. Effective provision of emergency essential surgery should be a key priority for global child health agendas.
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| 7. |
- Emrani, Ayeh, et al.
(författare)
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Phase transitions of ionic fluids in nanoporous electrodes
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal E. - 1292-8941. ; 46:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: In this work, we utilise grand canonical Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations, to establish pore-induced freezing of restricted primitive model fluids. A planar pore model is utilised, with walls that are initially neutral, and either non-conducting or perfectly conducting. The phase of the confined electrolyte (solid/fluid) displays an oscillatory dependence on surface separation, in narrow pores. Conditions are chosen so that the bulk is composed of a stable fluid electrolyte. The tendency for the electrolyte to freeze in narrow pores is somewhat stronger in systems with non-conducting walls. We also demonstrate that an applied potential will, above a threshold value, melt a frozen electrolyte. In these cases, the capacitance, as measured by the average surface charge density divided by the applied potential, will be almost vanishing if the applied potential is below this threshold value. We do not see any evidence for a “superionic fluid”, which has been hypothesised to generate a strong capacitance in narrow pores, due to an efficient screening of like-charge repulsions by image charges. Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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| 8. |
- Forsman, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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A classical density functional theory of ionic liquids.
- 2011
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 115:16, s. 4606-4612
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a simple, classical density functional approach to the study of simple models of room temperature ionic liquids. Dispersion attractions as well as ion correlation effects and excluded volume packing are taken into account. The oligomeric structure, common to many ionic liquid molecules, is handled by a polymer density functional treatment. The theory is evaluated by comparisons with simulations, with an emphasis on the differential capacitance, an experimentally measurable quantity of significant practical interest.
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| 9. |
- Forsman, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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A simple many-body Hamiltonian for polymer-colloid mixtures: simulations and mean-field theory
- 2012
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Ingår i: Soft Matter. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1744-6848 .- 1744-683X. ; 8:7, s. 2121-2130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate depletion interactions between inert hard colloids in the presence of ideal polymers, with a focus on the case where the polymer radius of gyration (R-g) is equal to the radius of the colloids (R-c). We first establish structure and fluid-fluid phase equilibria of this model system as accurately as possible. To achieve this, we replace the ideal polymers by "effective spheres'', using the approach of Bolhuis and Louis [P. Bolhuis and A. A. Louis, Macromolecules, 2002, 35, 1860.] With this approach, we have been able to simulate (approximate) fluid-fluid phase diagrams in dispersions containing relatively long chains, up to 2401-mers (R-g = R-c = 20 bond lengths). We devote some effort to illustrate many-body effects, and demonstrate that, at least relatively close to the respective critical point, there is a much stronger tendency to form clusters in the low density phase when many-body interactions are taken into account. This is primarily due to the repulsive contributions from higher-order interactions in the liquid, enforcing a high critical polymer chemical potential. At such a high chemical potential, there is a significant tendency to form small clusters in the gas phase. The results of these "effective sphere'' simulations are compared with predictions by a polymer+colloid many-body theory that was recently proposed by us. Our results suggest that this theory, even at the mean-field level is surprisingly accurate.
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| 10. |
- Forsman, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Colloidal interactions in thermal and athermal polymer solutions: The Derjaguin approximation, and exact results for mono- and polydisperse ideal chains
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 131:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polymer density functional theory is used to test the accuracy of the Derjaguin approximation in describing the interaction between two spherical colloidal particles immersed in a polymer solution. The density functional equations are solved numerically in a cylindrical geometry and thus a rigorous comparison is afforded, within the density functional framework. The density functional theory provides an exact (albeit numerical) treatment for ideal polymers. We investigate both nonadsorbing and telechelic chains, as well as consider the behavior of widely polydisperse samples (living chains). We make comparisons with the commonly used penetrable sphere models for polymers and are able to identify strengths and weaknesses in the latter. We find that the Derjaguin approximation performs surprisingly well, even for particle sizes that are comparable to the radius of gyration of the polymers.
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