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- Pan, Yitao, et al.
(författare)
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Novel Chlorinated Polyfluorinated Ether Sulfonates and Legacy Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances : Placental Transfer and Relationship with Serum Albumin and Glomerular Filtration Rate
- 2017
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - Dordrecht, Neteherlands : Springer Netherlands. - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 51:1, s. 634-644
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may cross the placental barrier and lead to fetal exposure. However, little is known about the factors that influence maternal-fetal transfer of these chemicals. PFAS concentrations were analyzed in 100 paired samples of human maternal sera collected in each trimester and cord sera at delivery; these samples were collected in Wuhan, China, 2014. Linear regression was used to estimate associations of transfer efficiencies with factors. Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates (Cl-PFAESs, 6:2 and 8:2) were frequently detected (>99%) in maternal and cord sera. A significant decline in PFAS levels during the three trimesters was observed. A U-shape trend for transfer efficiency with increasing chain length was observed for both carboxylates and sulfonates. Higher transfer efficiencies of PFASs were associated with advancing maternal age, higher education, and lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Cord serum albumin was a positive factors for higher transfer efficiency (increased 1.1-4.1% per 1g/L albumin), whereas maternal serum albumin tended to reduce transfer efficiency (decreased 2.4-4.3% per 1g/L albumin). Our results suggest that exposure to Cl-PFAESs may be widespread in China. The transfer efficiencies among different PFASs were structure-dependent. Physiological factors (e.g., GFR and serum albumin) were observed for the first time to play critical roles in PFAS placental transfer.
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| 2. |
- Xu, Feng, et al.
(författare)
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Residential Risk Factors for Atopic Dermatitis in 3-to 6-Year Old Children : A Cross-Sectional Study in Shanghai, China
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 13:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is common among pre-school children in Shanghai. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for childhood AD from the perspectives of home environment, demographics and parents-grandparents' atopic disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai in April-June, 2010. Preschool children's parents or guardians were invited to participate a questionnaire survey in six districts (two urban and four suburban/rural) and 6624 children were finally recruited (51.3% boys). AD diagnosis was based on the U.K. Working Party's (UKWP) criteria. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by multiple logistic regression. Results: A total of 8.5% of children ever had AD. Around 10.2% of the mothers had lived in newly renovated/decorated homes (NRDH) during the prenatal period (one year before or during pregnancy) and 9.5% got new home furniture (NHF) during the same period. AD was more common in children when mothers had lived in NRDH homes during the prenatal period (AOR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.03-1.93), the current home had indoor mold (2.00, 1.48-2.70), parents-grandparents' had atopic diseases (3.85, 3.05-4.87), the children had food allergy (3.40, 2.63-4.40) or children lived in urban area (1.52, 1.18-1.96). Associations between AD and NRDH, NHF and indoor molds were only significant in children without parents-grandparents' atopic diseases. There was an interaction effect between parents-grandparents' atopic diseases and NRDH (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Home renovation/redecoration, new furniture and indoor mold, urban residency, heredity disposition and food allergy can be risk factors for childhood AD in Shanghai.
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