| 1. |
- Wang, Tao, et al.
(författare)
-
Pleiotropy of genetic variants on obesity and smoking phenotypes : Results from the Oncoarray Project of The International Lung Cancer Consortium
- 2017
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 12:9, s. 0185660-0185660
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity and cigarette smoking are correlated through complex relationships. Common genetic causes may contribute to these correlations. In this study, we selected 241 loci potentially associated with body mass index (BMI) based on the Genetic Investigation of ANthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium data and calculated a BMI genetic risk score (BMI-GRS) for 17,037 individuals of European descent from the Oncoarray Project of the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO). Smokers had a significantly higher BMI-GRS than never-smokers (p = 0.016 and 0.010 before and after adjustment for BMI, respectively). The BMI-GRS was also positively correlated with pack-years of smoking (p<0.001) in smokers. Based on causal network inference analyses, seven and five of 241 SNPs were classified to pleiotropic models for BMI/smoking status and BMI/pack-years, respectively. Among them, three and four SNPs associated with smoking status and pack-years (p<0.05), respectively, were followed up in the ever-smoking data of the Tobacco, Alcohol and Genetics (TAG) consortium. Among these seven candidate SNPs, one SNP (rs11030104, BDNF) achieved statistical significance after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing, and three suggestive SNPs (rs13021737, TMEM18; rs11583200, ELAVL4; and rs6990042, SGCZ) achieved a nominal statistical significance. Our results suggest that there is a common genetic component between BMI and smoking, and pleiotropy analysis can be useful to identify novel genetic loci of complex phenotypes.
|
|
| 2. |
- Al-Nawas, Bilal, et al.
(författare)
-
ITI consensus report on zygomatic implants : indications, evaluation of surgical techniques and long-term treatment outcomes
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Implant Dentistry. - : Springer Nature. - 2198-4034. ; 9
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim of the ITI Consensus Workshop on zygomatic implants was to provide Consensus Statements and Clinical Recommendations for the use of zygomatic implants.Materials and methods: Three systematic reviews and one narrative review were written to address focused questions on (1) the indications for the use of zygomatic implants; (2) the survival rates and complications associated with surgery in zygomatic implant placement; (3) long-term survival rates of zygomatic implants and (4) the biomechanical principles involved when zygoma implants are placed under functional loads. Based on the reviews, three working groups then developed Consensus Statements and Clinical Recommendations. These were discussed in a plenary and finalized in Delphi rounds.Results: A total of 21 Consensus Statements were developed from the systematic reviews. Additionally, the group developed 17 Clinical Recommendations based on the Consensus Statements and the combined expertise of the participants.Conclusions: Zygomatic implants are mainly indicated in cases with maxillary bone atrophy or deficiency. Long-term mean zygomatic implant survival was 96.2% [95% CI 93.8; 97.7] over a mean follow-up of 75.4 months (6.3 years) with a follow-up range of 36-141.6 months (3-11.8 years). Immediate loading showed a statistically significant increase in survival over delayed loading. Sinusitis presented with a total prevalence of 14.2% [95% CI 8.8; 22.0] over a mean 65.4 months follow-up, representing the most common complication which may lead to zygomatic implant loss. The international experts suggested clinical recommendations regarding planning, surgery, restoration, outcomes, and the patient's perspective.
|
|
| 3. |
- Fu, Xi, et al.
(författare)
-
Indoor microbiome, environmental characteristics and asthma among junior high school students in Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Environment International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-4120 .- 1873-6750. ; 138
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indoor microbial diversity and composition are suggested to affect the prevalence and severity of asthma by previous home microbiome studies, but no microbiome-health association study has been conducted in a school environment, especially in tropical countries. In this study, we collected floor dust and environmental characteristics from 21 classrooms, and health data related to asthma symptoms from 309 students, in junior high schools in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The bacterial and fungal composition was characterized by sequencing 16s rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, and the absolute microbial concentration was quantified by qPCR. In total, 326 bacterial and 255 fungal genera were characterized. Five bacterial (Sphingobium, Rhodomicrobium, Shimwellia, Solirubrobacter, Pleurocapsa) and two fungal (Torulaspora and Leptosphaeriaceae) taxa were protective for asthma severity. Two bacterial taxa, Izhakiella and Robinsoniella, were positively associated with asthma severity. Several protective bacterial taxa including Rhodomicrobium, Shimwellia and Sphingobium have been reported as protective microbes in previous studies, whereas other taxa were first time reported. Environmental characteristics, such as age of building, size of textile curtain per room volume, occurrence of cockroaches, concentration of house dust mite allergens transferred from homes by the occupants, were involved in shaping the overall microbial community but not asthma-associated taxa; whereas visible dampness and mold, which did not change the overall microbial community for floor dust, was negatively associated with the concentration of protective bacteria Rhodomicrobium (beta =-2.86, p = 0.021) of asthma. The result indicates complex interactions between microbes, environmental characteristics and asthma symptoms. Overall, this is the first indoor microbiome study to characterize the asthma-associated microbes and their environmental determinant in the tropical area, promoting the understanding of microbial exposure and respiratory health in this region.
|
|
| 4. |
- Qin, Chunxia, et al.
(författare)
-
An oral and maxillofacial navigation system for implant placement with automatic identification of fiducial points
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1861-6410 .- 1861-6429. ; 14:2, s. 281-289
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeSurgical navigation system (SNS) has been an important tool in surgery. However, the complicated and tedious manual selection of fiducial points on preoperative images for registration affects operational efficiency to large extent. In this study, an oral and maxillofacial navigation system named BeiDou-SNS with automatic identification of fiducial points was developed and demonstrated.MethodsTo solve the fiducial selection problem, a novel method of automatic localization for titanium screw markers in preoperative images is proposed on the basis of a sequence of two local mean-shift segmentation including removal of metal artifacts. The operation of the BeiDou-SNS consists of the following key steps: The selection of fiducial points, the calibration of surgical instruments, and the registration of patient space and image space. Eight cases of patients with titanium screws as fiducial markers were carried out to analyze the accuracy of the automatic fiducial point localization algorithm. Finally, a complete phantom experiment of zygomatic implant placement surgery was performed to evaluate the whole performance of BeiDou-SNS. Results and conclusionThe coverage of Euclidean distances between fiducial marker positions selected automatically and those selected manually by an experienced dentist for all eight cases ranged from 0.373 to 0.847mm. Four implants were inserted into the 3D-printed model under the guide of BeiDou-SNS. And the maximal deviations between the actual and planned implant were 1.328mm and 2.326mm, respectively, for the entry and end point while the angular deviation ranged from 1.094 degrees to 2.395 degrees. The results demonstrate that the oral surgical navigation system with automatic identification of fiducial points can meet the requirements of the clinical surgeries.
|
|
| 5. |
- Roper, Matthew Brennand, et al.
(författare)
-
Long-term treatment outcomes with zygomatic implants : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2023
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Implant Dentistry. - : Springer Nature. - 2198-4034. ; 9:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis on the long-term survival rates of zygomatic implants (ZI). ZI success, prostheses survival and success, sinus pathology and patient reported outcomes were also investigated. Methods Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Embase and OvidMedline databases were searched alongside the grey literature. The systematic review was recorded in PROSPERO (CRD42022358024). Studies reporting titanium/titanium alloy ZI survival data, ZI-supported prosthesis data, ZIs directly compared to any other implant therapy including grafted sites, a minimum follow-up time of 3 years and a minimum number of 10 patients were included. All study designs were considered if they met the inclusion criteria. Studies not involving ZIs, ZIs not made from titanium/titanium alloy, a follow-up time of < 3 years or < 10 patients, animal studies and in vitro studies were excluded. Long-term follow-up has not been defined in the literature. A minimum of 3 years follow-up was considered acceptable to capture survival after initial healing, alongside infunction prosthesis data via delayed or immediate load protocols. ZI success, was predominantly defined as ZI survival without biological or neurological complications. Meta-analyses were performed for ZI survival, ZI failure incidence, ZI success, loading protocol, prosthesis survival, and prevalence of sinusitis using random effects models. Descriptive analysis was used for ZI success, prosthesis success and patient reported outcome measures. Results Five hundred and seventy-four titles were identified, of which 18 met the inclusion criteria. Eligible studies included 1349 ZIs in 623 patients. Mean follow-up period was 75.4 months (range 36-141.6). The mean survival of ZIs was 96.2% [95% CI: 93.8; 97.7] at 6 years. Mean survival for delayed loading was 95% [95% CI: 91.7; 97.1] and 98.1% [95% CI: 96.2; 99.0] for immediate loading (p = 0.03). Annual incidence rate of ZI failure was 0.7% [95% CI 0.4; 1.0]. Mean ZI success was 95.7% [95% CI 87.8; 98.6]. Mean prosthesis survival was 94% [95% CI 88.6; 96.9]. Sinusitis prevalence was 14.2% [95% CI 8.8; 22.0] at 5 years. Patients' reported increased satisfaction with ZIs. Conclusions ZIs have long-term survival comparable to conventional implants. Immediate loading showed a statistically significant increase in survival over delayed loading. Prosthesis survival was similar to that of prostheses supported by conventional implants, with similar complications. Sinusitis was the most frequently encountered biological complication. Patients reported improved outcome measures with ZI use.
|
|
