| 1. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 2. |
- Wang, Zhaohui, et al.
(författare)
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Conducting Polymer Paper-Derived Mesoporous 3D N-doped Carbon Current Collectors for Na and Li Metal Anodes : A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 122:41, s. 23352-23363
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein, the manufacturing of a free-standing N-doped mesoporous carbon (CPPY) paper by straightforward carbonization of polypyrrole-coated nanocellulose paper is described. The deposition of Na and Li on these CPPY electrodes, which also serve as current collectors, is studied using a combination of experiments and theoretical calculations. The porous CPPY electrodes gave rise to decreased current densities, which helped to prolong the life-time of the Na electrodes. While the density functional theory calculations suggest that both Na and Li should be deposited uniformly on the CPPY electrodes, the experimental results clearly show that the sodium deposition was more well-defined on the surface of the CPPY electrodes. In contrast to Li, dendrite-free Na depositions could be carried out using deposition capacities up to 12 mAh cm(-2 )and a stable Na electrode cycling performance was found during 1000 h at 1 mA cm(-2). The results suggest that it was difficult to predict the Na or Li deposition behavior merely based on calculations of the metal adsorption energies, as kinetic effects should also be taken into account. Nevertheless, the experimental results clearly show that the use of the present type of porous electrodes provides new possibilities for the development of durable Na electrodes for high-performance sodium metal batteries.
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| 3. |
- He, Yafang, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolomic Changes Upon Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplementation and Predictions of Body Composition Responsiveness
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 107:9, s. 2606-2615
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) may optimize body composition, yet mechanisms underlining its benefits are not clear in humans. Objective We aimed to reveal the CLA-induced changes in the plasma metabolome associated with body composition improvement and the predictive performance of baseline metabolome on intervention responsiveness. Methods Plasma metabolome from overnight fasted samples at pre- and post-intervention of 65 participants in a 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled trial (3.2 g/day CLA vs 3.2 g/day sunflower oil) were analyzed using untargeted LC-MS metabolomics. Mixed linear model and machine learning were applied to assess differential metabolites between treatments, and to identify optimal panel (based on baseline conventional variables vs metabolites) predicting responders of CLA-derived body composition improvement (increased muscle variables or decreased adiposity variables) based on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Results Compared with placebo, CLA altered 57 metabolites (P
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| 4. |
- Lindgren, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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A hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study on the solid electrolyte interphase of a lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolide based electrolyte for Si-electrodes
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Power Sources. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7753 .- 1873-2755. ; 301, s. 105-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report focuses on the relatively new salt, lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolide (LiTDI), and its functionality together with a silicon based composite electrode in a half-cell lithium ion battery context. LiTDI is a promising alternative to the commonly used LiPF6 salt because it does not form HF which can decompose the oxide layer on Si. The formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) as well as the development of the active Si-particles are investigated during the first electrochemical lithiation and de-lithiation. Characterizations are carried out at different state of charge with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as well as hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) at two different photon energies. This enables a depth resolved picture of the reaction processes and gives an idea of the chemical buildup of the SEI. The SEI is formed by solvent and LiTDI decomposition products and its composition is similar to SEI formed by other carbonate based electrolytes. The LiTDI salt or its decomposition products are not in itself reactive towards the active Si-material and no unwanted side reactions occurs with the active Si-particles. Despite some decomposition of the LiTDI salt, it is a promising alternative for electrolytes aimed towards Si-based electrodes.
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| 5. |
- Massel, Felix, et al.
(författare)
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Excess lithium in transition metal layers of epitaxially grown thin film cathodes of Li2MnO3 leads to rapid loss of covalency during first battery cycle
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 123:47, s. 28519-28526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated the initial-cycle battery behavior of epitaxial thin films of Li2MnO3-cathodes by employing resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) at the O K- and Mn L3-edges. Thin films (25 nm thickness) with Li/Mn-ratios of 2.06 (stoichiometric) and 2.27 (over-stoichiometric), respectively, were epitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition and electrochemically cycled as battery cathodes in half-cell setup, stopped at potentials for full charge (delithiation) and complete discharge (relithiation), respectively, for X-ray analysis. Using RIXS, we find that significant anionic reactions take place in both materials upon initial delithiation. However, no signatures of localized oxygen holes are found in O K-RIXS of the Li2MnO3 regardless of Li/Mn-ratio. Instead, the top of the oxygen valence band is depleted of electrons forming delocalized empty states upon delithiation. Mn L-RIXS of the over-stoichiometric cathode material shows a progressive loss of charge transfer state intensity during the first battery cycle, revealing a more rapid loss of Mn--O covalency in the over-stoichiometric material.
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| 6. |
- Oltean, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Li-ion batteries operating at 80 °C: Ionic liquid versus conventional liquid electrolytes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Batteries. - : MDPI AG. - 2313-0105. ; 4, s. 2-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Li-ion battery (LIB) full cells comprised of TiO2-nanotube (TiO2-nt) and LiFePO4 (LFP)electrodes and either a conventional organic solvent based liquid electrolyte or an ionic liquid basedelectrolyte have been cycled at 80 °C. While the cell containing the ionic liquid based electrolyteexhibited good capacity retention and rate capability during 100 cycles, rapid capacity fading was found for the corresponding cell with the organic electrolyte. Results obtained for TiO2-nt and LFP half-cells indicate an oxidative degradation of the organic electrolyte at 80 °C. In all, ionic liquidbased electrolytes can be used to significantly improve the performance of LIBs operating at 80 °C.
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| 7. |
- Srivastav, Shruti, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling the morphological background to capacity fade in Si-based lithium-ion batteries
- 2017
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-4686 .- 1873-3859. ; 258, s. 755-763
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the fundamental processes at the electrode/electrolyte interface during charge and discharge will aid the development of high-capacity Li-ion batteries (LIBs) with long lifetimes. Finite Element Methodology studies are here used to investigate the interplay between morphological changes and electrochemical performance in Si negative electrodes. A one-dimensional battery model including Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) layer growth is constructed for porous Si electrodes in half-cells and used for simulating electrochemical impedance response during charge and discharge cycles. The computational results are then compared with experimental investigations. The SEI layer from the electrolyte decomposition products, different depending on the presence or absence of the fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive, covers the electrode surface porous structure and is leading to an increasing polarization observed in the Nyquist plots during cycling. A continuous reformation of the SEI layer after each cycle can be observed, leading to consumption of Li-|. The electrolyte composition also results in a variation of electrode porosity, which affects the performance of the cell. A more stable porous network is formed when using the FEC additive, rendering a reduction in polarization due to improved Li diffusion inside the electrode composite.
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| 8. |
- Wang, Zhaohui, et al.
(författare)
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Conducting polymer paper-derived separators for lithium metal batteries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Energy Storage Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8289 .- 2405-8297. ; 13, s. 283-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Overoxidised polypyrrole (PPy) paper has been employed as a mesoporous separator for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) based on its narrow pore size distribution, good thermal stability, high ionic conductivity (1.1 mS cm−1 with a LP40 electrolyte) and high electrolyte wettability. The overoxidised PPy paper was produced from a PPy/cellulose composite using a combined base and heat-treatment process, yielding a highly interrupted pyrrole molecular structure including N-containing polar groups maintaining the readily adaptable mesoporous structure of the pristine PPy paper. This well-defined pore structure gave rise to a homogeneous current distribution which significantly increased the performance of a LiFePO4|Li cell. With the overoxidised PPy separator, a symmetric Li|Li cell could be cycled reversibly for more than 600 h without any short-circuits in a LP40 electrolyte. This approach facilitates the manufacturing of well-defined separators for fundamental investigations of the influence of the separator structure on the performance of LMBs.
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| 9. |
- Xu, Chao, 1988-
(författare)
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All silicon lithium-ion batteries
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used as power supplies for portable electronic devices due to their higher gravimetric and volumetric energy densities compared to other electrochemical energy storage technologies, such as lead-acid, Ni-Cd and Ni-MH batteries. Developing a novel battery chemistry, ‘‘all silicon lithium-ion batteries’’, using lithium iron silicate as the cathode and silicon as the anode, is the primary aim of this Ph.D project. This licentiate thesis is focused on improving the performance of the silicon anode via optimization of electrolyte composition and electrode formulation. Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was investigated as an electrolyte additive for silicon composite electrodes, and both the capacity retention as well as coulombic efficiency were significantly improved by introducing 10 wt% FEC into the LP40 electrolyte. This is due to the formation of a stable SEI, which mainly consisted of FEC decomposition products of LiF, -CHFOCO2-, etc. The chemical composition of the SEI was identified by synchrotron radiation based photoelectron spectroscopy. This conformal SEI prevented formation of large amounts of cracks and continues electrolyte decomposition on the silicon electrode. An alternative lithium salt, lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-trifluoromethanoimidazole (LiTDI), was studied with the silicon electrode in this thesis. The SEI formation led to a rather low 1st cycle coulombic efficiency of 44.4%, and the SEI layer was found to contain hydrocarbon, ether-type and carbonate-type species. Different to conventional composite silicon electrodes, which require heavy and expensive copper current collector, a flexible silicon electrode, consisted of only silicon nanopowder, Cladophora nanocellulose and carbon nanotube, was facilely prepared via vacuum filtration. The electrode showed good mechanical, long-term cycling as well as rate capability performance.
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| 10. |
- Xu, Chao, 1988-
(författare)
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Non-aqueous Electrolytes and Interfacial Chemistry in Lithium-ion Batteries
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology is currently the most promising candidate for power sources in applications such as portable electronics and electric vehicles. In today's state-of-the-art LIBs, non-aqueous electrolytes are the most widely used family of electrolytes. In the present thesis work, efforts are devoted to improve the conventional LiPF6-based electrolytes with additives, as well as to develop alternative lithium 2-trifluoromethyl-4,5-dicyanoimidazole (LiTDI)-based electrolytes for silicon anodes. In addition, electrode/electrolyte interfacial chemistries in such battery systems are extensively investigated.Two additives, LiTDI and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), are evaluated individually for conventional LiPF6-based electrolytes combined with various electrode materials. Introduction of each of the two additives leads to improved battery performance, although the underlying mechanisms are rather different. The LiTDI additive is able to scavenge moisture in the electrolyte, and as a result, enhance the chemical stability of LiPF6-based electrolytes even at extreme conditions such as storage under high moisture content and at elevated temperatures. In addition, it is demonstrated that LiTDI significantly influences the electrode/electrolyte interfaces in NMC/Li and NMC/graphite cells. On the other hand, FEC promotes electrode/electrolyte interfacial stability via formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, which consists of FEC-derivatives such as LiF and polycarbonates in particular.Moreover, LiTDI-based electrolytes are developed as an alternative to LiPF6 electrolytes for silicon anodes. Due to severe salt and solvent degradation, silicon anodes with the LiTDI-baseline electrolyte showed rather poor electrochemical performance. However, with the SEI-forming additives of FEC and VC, the cycling performance of such battery system is greatly improved, owing to a stabilized electrode/electrolyte interface.This thesis work highlights that cooperation of appropriate electrolyte additives is an effective yet simple approach to enhance battery performance, and in addition, that the interfacial chemistries are of particular importance to deeply understand battery behavior.
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