| 1. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Zhang, Guojie, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 346:6215, s. 1311-1320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian species representing all major extant clades. The avian genome is principally characterized by its constrained size, which predominantly arose because of lineage-specific erosion of repetitive elements, large segmental deletions, and gene loss. Avian genomes furthermore show a remarkably high degree of evolutionary stasis at the levels of nucleotide sequence, gene synteny, and chromosomal structure. Despite this pattern of conservation, we detected many non-neutral evolutionary changes in protein-coding genes and noncoding regions. These analyses reveal that pan-avian genomic diversity covaries with adaptations to different lifestyles and convergent evolution of traits.
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| 3. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Ninth Visual Object Tracking VOT2021 Challenge Results
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW 2021). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781665401913 ; , s. 2711-2738
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2021 is the ninth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 71 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in recent years. The VOT2021 challenge was composed of four sub-challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2021 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2021 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2021 focused on long-term tracking, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance and (iv) VOT-RGBD2021 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2021 dataset was refreshed, while VOT-RGBD2021 introduces a training dataset and sequestered dataset for winner identification. The source code for most of the trackers, the datasets, the evaluation kit and the results along with the source code for most trackers are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 4. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
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| 5. |
- Liu, Shanqiu, et al.
(författare)
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Versatile Stretchable Conductor with Exceptional Resilience and Rapid Rebound Capabilities : Toward Sustainable and Damage-Resistant Soft Electronics
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced Functional Materials. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1616-301X .- 1616-3028. ; 34:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stretchable conductors (SCs) have garnered significant attention in both academia and industry, owing to their promising applications in flexible electronics. However, achieving a highly resilient and rapidly rebounding SC that enables prompt electrical response to applied strain, while also being fully recyclable and self-healable, remains a challenge. Here, the design and preparation of a high-performance SC based on a small bio-molecule (α-Lipoic acid) are reported, using a straightforward, cost-effective, and scalable method. The engineered SC exhibits a ≈100% rebound ratio and fast rebound speed (≈0.4 s) under repeated high strains, along with outstanding electrical sensitivity to both deformation and temperature variation. This ensures that the SC possesses high precision and real-time sensing attributes. Moreover, the SC features high optical transparency (>97%), robust reversible adhesion to diverse surfaces (up to 5.0 MPa), efficient room-temperature self-healing properties, and full recyclability. The superior properties of the SC are fundamentally attributed to the installed hierarchical dynamic bonding at the molecular level, which enables continuous energy dissipation and is analyzed through DFT calculations. The developed SC holds great potential for applications in soft electronics and human–machine interfaces.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Feng, Fan, et al.
(författare)
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FM-Net: A Fully Automatic Deep Learning Pipeline for Epicardial Adipose Tissue Segmentation
- 2024
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Ingår i: STATISTICAL ATLASES AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS OF THE HEART. REGULAR AND CMRXRECON CHALLENGE PAPERS, STACOM 2023. - : SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG. - 9783031524479 - 9783031524486 ; , s. 88-97
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been recognized as a risk factor and independent predictor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to its intimate relationship with the myocardium and coronary arteries. Dixon MRI is widely used to depict adipose tissue by deriving fat and water signals. The purpose of this study was to automatically segment and quantify EAT from Dixon MRI data using a fully automated deep learning pipeline based on fat maps (FM-Net). Data used in this study was from a sub-study (HEALTH) of the Swedish CArdioPulmonarybiolmage Study (SCAPIS), with 6504 Dixon MRI 2D images from 90 participants (45 each for type 2 diabetes and controls). FM-Net was comprised of a double Res-UNet CNN architecture, designed to compensate for the severe class imbalance and complex geometry of EAT. The first network accurately detected the region of interest (ROI) containing fat, and the second network performed targeted regional segmentation of the ROI. Performance of fat segmentation was improved by using fatmaps as input of FM-Net, to enhance fat features by combining out-of-phase, water, and fat phase images. Performance was evaluated using dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and 95% Hausdorff distance (HD95). Overall, FM-Net obtained a promising DSC of 86.3%, and a low HD95 of 3.11 mm, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods. The proposed method enables automatic and accurate quantification of EAT from Dixon MRI data, which could enhance the understanding of the role of EAT in CVDs.
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| 8. |
- Gao, Hongkai, et al.
(författare)
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Stepwise modeling and the importance of internal variables validation to test model realism in a data scarce glacier basin
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Hydrology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1694. ; 591
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Model realism is of vital importance in science of hydrology, in terms of realistic representation of hydrological processes and reliability of future prediction. Here, we employed a stepwise modeling approach that leverages flexible model structures and multi-source observations for robust streamflow simulation and internal variables validation with improved model realism. This framework is demonstrated in Yigong Zangbu River (YZR) basin, a data scarce glacier basin in the upper Brahmaputra River. We designed six experiments (Exp1–6) to use modeling as a tool to understand hydrological processes in this remote cold basin with extremely high altitude. In Exp1, we started with a distributed rainfall-runoff model (FLEXD) - representing the case that snow and glacier processes were ignored. Then, we stepwisely added snow and glacier processes into FLEXD, denoted as FLEXD-S (Exp2) and FLEXD-SG (Exp3), respectively, and such improvement of model structure led to significantly improved streamflow estimates. To explore the impact of different precipitation forcing on model performance, FLEXD-SG was driven by Theissen average (Exp3) and three individual stations’ precipitation (Exp4–6). The model realism was tested by observed hydrograph, snow cover area (SCA) and glacier mass balance (GMB). Results showed that a robust and realistic hydrological modeling system was achieved in Exp6. In this modeling study, we learned that: 1) stepwise modeling is effective in investigating catchment behavior, and snow and glacier melting are the dominant hydrological processes in the YZR basin; 2) internal variables validation is beneficial to test model realism in data scarce basin; 3) the FLEXD-SG model calibrated by only one year hydrograph is sufficient to reproduce snow and glacier variations; 4) precipitation of a single station as forcing data could outperform Theissen average; 5) based on the well tested model configuration in Exp6, we analyzed simulated results, and reconstructed the long term hydrography (1961–2013), to support the potential competence for decision making on water resources management in practice. The proposed framework may significantly improve our skills in hydrological modeling over data-poor regions.
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| 9. |
- Jiang, Mengyao, et al.
(författare)
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Beach ridges of Dali Lake in Inner Mongolia reveal precipitation variation during the Holocene
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Quaternary Science. - : Wiley. - 0267-8179 .- 1099-1417. ; 35:5, s. 716-725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Variability in East Asian summer monsoon precipitation during the Holocene remains of debate. In this study, we use a closed lake with well‐dated lake beach ridges located on the margin of the East Asian summer monsoon, a region highly sensitive to monsoon precipitation changes, to obtain a temporal sequence of water volume in North China. The elevation of each beach ridge calibrated to the modern lake level was surveyed. Optically stimulated luminescence dating of undisturbed sediments of beach ridges was performed. The lake area and water volume corresponding to each beach ridge were calculated using a digital elevation model. This study reveals relatively reduced monsoon precipitation from ~12 to 7 ka interrupted by strengthening of the monsoon circulation to a maximum from ~7 to ~5 ka and followed by greatly reduced monsoon intensity until the present day. These results demonstrate that changes in the East Asian summer monsoon precipitation may not be directly driven by global temperature or atmospheric CO2 content. Rather, we suggest that variation in the the monsoon margin precipitation is probably mainly driven by ice volume and subordinately by the summer solar insolation difference between mid‐latitude land and low‐latitude ocean.
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| 10. |
- Kouskoumvekaki, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of biomarkers for genotyping Aspergilli using non-linear methods for clustering and classification
- 2008
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Ingår i: BMC Bioinformatics. - 1471-2105. ; 9:59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In the present investigation, we have used an exhaustive metabolite profiling approach to search for biomarkers in recombinant Aspergillus nidulans (mutants that produce the 6-methyl salicylic acid polyketide molecule) for application in metabolic engineering. Results: More than 450 metabolites were detected and subsequently used in the analysis. Our approach consists of two analytical steps of the metabolic profiling data, an initial non-linear unsupervised analysis with Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) to identify similarities and differences among the metabolic profiles of the studied strains, followed by a second, supervised analysis for training a classifier based on the selected biomarkers. Our analysis identified seven putative biomarkers that were able to cluster the samples according to their genotypes. A Support Vector Machine was subsequently employed to construct a predictive model based on the seven biomarkers, capable of distinguishing correctly 14 out of the 16 samples of the different A. nidulans strains. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that it is possible to use metabolite profiling for the classification of filamentous fungi as well as for the identification of metabolic engineering targets and draws the attention towards the development of a common database for storage of metabolomics data.
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