| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 2. |
- Wang, Zhihang, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Chip-scale solar thermal electrical power generation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cell Reports Physical Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-3864. ; 3:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an urgent need for alternative compact technologies that can derive and store energy from the sun, especially the large amount of solar heat that is not effectively used for power generation. Here, we report a combination of solution- and neat-film-based molecular solar thermal (MOST) systems, where solar energy can be stored as chemical energy and released as heat, with microfabricated thermoelectric generators to produce electricity when solar radiation is not available. The photophysical properties of two MOST couples are characterized both in liquid with a catalytical cycling setup and in a phase-interconvertible neat film. Their suitable photophysical properties let us combine them individually with a microelectromechanical ultrathin thermoelectric chip to use the stored solar energy for electrical power generation. The generator can produce, as a proof of concept, a power output of up to 0.1 nW (power output per unit volume up to 1.3 W m−3). Our results demonstrate that such a molecular thermal power generation system has a high potential to store and transfer solar power into electricity and is thus potentially independent of geographical restrictions.
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| 3. |
- Wang, Shuqi, et al.
(författare)
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Association of lifespan reproductive duration with depression in Swedish twins : The role of hormone replacement therapy
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. - : Wiley. - 0020-7292 .- 1879-3479. ; 162:1, s. 309-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To examine the association between reproductive duration and postmenopausal depression (taking the use of hormone replacement therapy [HRT] into account).Methods: In this population-based cohort study, 11 320 postmenopausal women (mean age 63.6 years) were followed for up to 18 years. Reproductive duration was categorized into three groups: short (≤34 years), average (35–39 years), and long (≥40 years). Depression was ascertained from the Sweden National Patient Registry.Results: During the follow up, 593 (5.24%) women developed depression. In the multi-adjusted generalized estimating equation model, the odds ratios (ORs) of depression were 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.55) and 1.25 (95% CI 1.01–1.55) for women with short and long reproductive durations, respectively, compared with those women with average reproductive duration. Women with a non-typical reproductive duration (≤34 or ≥40 years) who received HRT were at a higher risk of depression (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.42–2.33). There was a significant additive interaction between non-typical reproductive duration and the use of HRT on depression (attributable proportion 0.26, 95% CI 0.03–0.50).Conclusion: Women with a short or long reproductive duration, especially those with a history of HRT use, have a higher risk of depression after menopause compared with those with an average reproductive duration.
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| 4. |
- Wang, Sheng, et al.
(författare)
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De Novo Sequence and Copy Number Variants Are Strongly Associated with Tourette Disorder and Implicate Cell Polarity in Pathogenesis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : CELL PRESS. - 2211-1247. ; 24:13, s. 3441-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We previously established the contribution of de novo damaging sequence variants to Tourette disorder (TD) through whole-exome sequencing of 511 trios. Here, we sequence an additional 291 TD trios and analyze the combined set of 802 trios. We observe an overrepresentation of de novo damaging variants in simplex, but not multiplex, families; we identify a high-confidence TD risk gene, CELSR3 (cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3); we find that the genes mutated in TD patients are enriched for those related to cell polarity, suggesting a common pathway underlying pathobiology; and we confirm a statistically significant excess of de novo copy number variants in TD. Finally, we identify significant overlap of de novo sequence variants between TD and obsessive-compulsive disorder and de novo copy number variants between TD and autism spectrum disorder, consistent with shared genetic risk.
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| 5. |
- Wang, Zhiyu, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Sleep Duration, Napping, and Sleep Patterns With Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases : A Nationwide Twin Study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Heart Association. - 2047-9980. ; 11:15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although sleep disorders have been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the association between sleep characteristics and CVDs remains inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association of nighttime sleep duration, daytime napping, and sleep patterns with CVDs and explore whether genetic and early-life environmental factors account for this association.METHODS AND RESULTS: In the Swedish Twin Registry, 12 268 CVD-free twin individuals (mean age=70.3 years) at baseline were followed up to 18 years to detect incident CVDs. Sleep duration, napping, and sleep patterns (assessed by sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) were self-reported at baseline. CVDs were ascertained through the Swedish National Patient Registry and the Cause of Death Register. Data were analyzed using a Cox model. In the multiadjusted Cox model, compared with 7 to 9 hours/night, the hazard ratios (HRs) of CVDs were 1.14 (95% CI, 1.01-1.28) for <7 hours/night and 1.10 (95% CI, 1.00-1.21) for >= 10 hours/night, respectively. Compared with no napping, napping 1 to 30 minutes (HR, 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03-1.18]) and >30 minutes (HR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.14-1.33]) were related to CVDs. Furthermore, a poor sleep pattern was associated with CVDs (HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.05-1.41]). The co-twin matched control analyses showed similar results as the unmatched analyses, and there was no significant interaction between sleep characteristics and zygosity (P values >0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Short or long sleep (<7 or >= 10 hours/night), napping, and poor sleep patterns are associated with an increased CVD risk. Genetic and early-life environmental factors may not account for the sleep-CVD association.
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| 6. |
- Wang, Zhihang, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Storing energy with molecular photoisomers
- 2021
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Ingår i: Joule. - : Elsevier BV. - 2542-4351. ; 5:12, s. 3116-3136
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some molecular photoisomers can be isomerized to a metastable high-energy state by exposure to light. These molecules can then be thermally or catalytically converted back to their initial state, releasing heat in the process. Such a reversible photochemical process has been considered for developing molecular solar thermal (MOST) systems. In this review, we introduce the concept, criteria, and state-of-the-art of MOST systems, with an emphasis on the three most promising molecular systems: norbornadiene/quadricyclane, E/Z-azobenzene, and dihydroazulene/vinylheptafulvene. After discussing the fundamental working principles, we focus on molecular design strategies for improving solar energy storage performance, remaining challenges, and potential focus areas. Finally, we summarize the current molecular incorporation into functional devices and conclude with a perspective on challenges and future directions.
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| 7. |
- Wu, Zhimao, et al.
(författare)
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Nanofire and scale effects of heat
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nano Convergence. - : Springer. - 2196-5404. ; 6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Combustion is a chemical reaction that emits heat and light. Nanofire is a kind of flameless combustion that occurs on the micro-nano scale. Pt/Al2O3 film with a thickness of 20 nm can be prepared as a catalyst by micro-nano processing. When the methanol-air mixture gas passes through the surface of the catalyst, a chemical reaction begins and a significant temperature rise occurs in the catalyst region. Compared to macroscopic combustion, Nanofire has many special properties, such as large temperature gradients, uniform temperature distribution, and fast temperature response. The large temperature gradient is the most important property of Nanofire, which can reach 1330 K/mm. Combined with thermoelectric materials, it can realize the efficient conversion of chemical energy to electric energy. Nanoscale thickness offers the possibility of establishing thermal gradient. On the other hand, large thermal gradient has an effect on the transport properties of phonons and electrons in film materials. From these we can get the scale effects of heat. This article will provide an overview of the preparation, properties and applications of Nanofire, and then a comprehensive introduction to the thermal scale and thermal scale effects.
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| 8. |
- Yang, Wenzhe, et al.
(författare)
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Association of depression with mortality in nationwide twins : The mediating role of dementia
- 2022
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 65:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The differential impact of depression across different periods in life on mortality remains inconclusive. We aimed to examine the association of depression that occurs at different age with all-cause mortality, and to explore the roles of dementia, as well as genetic and early-life environmental factors, in this association.Methods. From the Swedish Twin Registry, 44,919 twin individuals were followed for up to 18 years. Depression was ascertained using the National Patient Registry and categorized as early-life (<45 years), midlife (45-64 years), and late-life (>= 65 years) depression according to the age of the first diagnosis. Deaths were identified through the Cause of Death Register. Generalized estimating equation, generalized structural equation, and conditional logistic regression were used for unmatched, mediation, and co-twin matched analyses, respectively.Results. In unmatched analyses, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of mortality were 1.71 (1.46-2.00) for depression at any age, 1.72 (1.36-2.17) for early-life, 1.51 (1.19-1.90) for midlife, and 4.10 (2.02-8.34) for late-life depression. Mortality was significantly higher in individuals with late-life depression than those with earlier-life depression (p < 0.05). The mediation analysis showed that 59.83% of the depression-mortality association was mediated by dementia. No significant difference in ORs between the unmatched and co-twin matched analyses was observed (p = 0.09).Conclusions. Depression is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, and dementia mediates approximately 60% of the impact of depression on mortality in late life. Genetic and early-life environmental factors may not play a significant role in the depression-mortality association.
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