| 1. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in obstructive sleep apnoea, insomnia and restless legs syndrome in adults - What do we know? : A clinical update
- 2018
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Ingår i: Sleep Medicine Reviews. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 1087-0792 .- 1532-2955. ; 38, s. 28-38
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research in sleep medicine over the last decades has involved a broad variety of sleep disorders in both men and women. Gender differences have been identified in sleep physiology as well as in the three most common sleep disorders: obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), insomnia and restless legs syndrome (RLS). However, research on gender differences in sleep medicine appears limited. This clinical review aims to give an updated overview of gender differences, in relation to prevalence, clinical presentation, treatment and quality of life in OSA, insomnia and RLS. Future research directions in the adult population will also be discussed. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Hellgren, Johan, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Altered positional regulation of nasal patency in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
- 2009
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Ingår i: European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-4726. ; 266:1, s. 83-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assessed the regulation of nasal patency supine in subjects with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) compared to healthy controls. Healthy subjects increase nasal obstruction when changing body position from sitting to supine, possibly due to increased hydrostatic pressure in the head supine. Limited data indicate that this response is altered in patients with OSAS, suggesting that supine nasal patency is actively regulated. This study examined the nasal response to recumbent body position using acoustic rhinometry in OSAS patients and healthy controls. Twenty subjects (16 men and 4 women, mean age 55 +/- 16 years), with diagnosed OSAS [mean apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI) 46 +/- 22 events/h] without nasal obstruction and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)-naive, underwent measurement of intra-nasal cross sectional area by acoustic rhinometry at sitting and after 5 min supine. Twenty healthy controls (13 men, 7 women, mean age 35 +/- 9 years) were also included in the study. In the patients with OSAS, the mean minimal cross sectional area (MCA, left + right nasal cavity) was unchanged between sitting (1.18 +/- 0.41 cm(2)) and supine (1.21 +/- 0.35 cm(2), P = 0.5). In the healthy controls, the mean MCA decreased from 1.06 +/- 0.18 to 0.94 +/- 0.21 cm(2) supine, P = 0.01. This study showed that the normal decrease in nasal patency following a change in body position from sitting to supine is absent in patients with OSAS. The results indicate that there is an active regulation of supine nasal patency.
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| 3. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Associations Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Measures of Arterial Stiffness
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (JCSM). - : AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE. - 1550-9389 .- 1550-9397. ; 15:2, s. 201-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether severity measures of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are associated with arterial stiffness and central blood pressure (two important cardiovascular risk factors) in a large group of patients with OSA. Methods: Baseline data from six studies on OSA in which arterial stiffness and central aortic blood pressure measures were determined using applanation tonometry were pooled. Associations between measures of arterial stiffness (heart rate corrected augmentation index [AI75]), central aortic blood pressure (central systolic pressure [CSP] and heart rate corrected central augmentation pressure [CAP75]) and measures of OSA severity were explored using stepwise regression modelling. Results: Data from 362 participants (M:F ratio 13:1) with mean (standard deviation) age 49.2 (11.0) years, body mass index 31.9 (5.3) kg/m(2), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) 35.7 (20.7) events/h were included in the analyses. The AHI, oxygen desaturation index (ODI3%), and sleep time with SpO(2) < 90% (T90) were all associated with arterial stiffness (AI75), (AHI: adj. beta = .069; P = .01; ODI3%: adj. beta = .072; P = .01; T90: adj. beta = .18; P < .0001) and CAP75 (AHI: adj. beta = .030; P = .01; ODI3%: adj. beta = .027; P = .02; T90: adj. beta = .080; P < .0001). AHI was also associated with CSP (AHI: adj. beta = .11; P = .002). Conclusion: OSA severity was significantly associated with augmentation index and CAP75 although the relationships were not strong.
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| 4. |
- Theorell-Haglöw, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Changes of vitamin D levels and bone turnover markers after CPAP therapy : a randomized sham-controlled trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : WILEY. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; 27:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate whether continuous positive airway pressure treatment could modulate serum vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and bone turnover markers (collagen-type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptide, osteocalcin and N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen) in secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial. Sixty-five continuous positive airway pressure-naive male patients with obstructive sleep apnea (age=49 +/- 12years, apnea-hypopnea index=39.9 +/- 17.7events h(-1), body mass index=31.3 +/- 5.2kgm(-2)) were randomized to receive either real (n=34) or sham (n=31) continuous positive airway pressure for 12weeks. At 12weeks, all participants received real continuous positive airway pressure for an additional 12weeks. After 12weeks of continuous positive airway pressure (real versus sham), there were nobetween-group differences for any of the main outcomes [25-hydroxyvitamin D: -0.80 +/- 5.28ngmL(-1) (mean +/- SE) versus 3.08 +/- 3.66ngmL(-1), P=0.42; collagen-type 1 cross-linked C-telopeptide: 0.011 +/- 0.014ngmL(-1) versus -0.004 +/- 0.009ngmL(-1), P=0.48; osteocalcin: 1.13 +/- 1.12ngmL(-1) versus 0.46 +/- 0.75ng mL(-1), P=0.80; N-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen: 2.07 +/- 3.05gL(-1) versus -1.05 +/- 2.13gL(-1), P=0.48]. There were no further differences in subgroup analyses (continuous positive airway pressure-compliant patients, patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea or sleepy patients). However, after 24weeks irrespective of initial randomization, vitamin D increased in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (9.56 +/- 5.51ngmL(-1), P=0.045) and in sleepy patients (14.0 +/- 4.69ngmL(-1), P=0.007). Also, there was a significant increase in osteocalcin at 24weeks (3.27 +/- 1.06ngmL(-1), P=0.01) in compliant patients. We conclude that 12weeks of continuous positive airway pressure did not modulate vitamin D or modulate any of the bone turnover markers compared with sham. However, it is plausible that continuous positive airway pressure may have late beneficial effects on vitamin D levels and bone turnover markers in selected groups of patients with obstructive sleep apnea.
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