| 1. |
- Hu, Min, et al.
(författare)
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Defective uterine spiral artery remodelling and placental senescence in a pregnant rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. : Impaired SpA remodelling in PCOS
- 2023
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Ingår i: The American journal of pathology. - 1525-2191. ; 193:12, s. 1916-1935
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pregnancy-related problems have been linked to impairments in maternal uterine spiral artery (SpA) remodelling. The mechanisms underlying this association are still unclear, as are whether hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance - the two common manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) - affect uterine SpA remodelling. This study verified previous work in which exposure to 5-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and insulin (INS) in rats during pregnancy resulted in hyperandrogenism, insulin intolerance, and higher foetal mortality. It also found that exposure to DHT and INS dysregulated the expression of angiogenesis-related genes in the uterus and placenta. It also decreased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and matrix metallopeptidases 2 and 9, increased fibrotic collagen deposits in the uterus, and reduced expression of marker genes for SpA-associated trophoblast giant cells. These changes were related to a greater proportion of un-remodelled uterine SpAs and a smaller proportion of highly remodelled arteries in DHT+INS-exposed rats. Placentas from DHT+INS-exposed rats exhibited decreased basal and labyrinth zone regions, reduced maternal blood spaces, diminished labyrinth vascularity, and an imbalance in the abundance of vascular and smooth muscle proteins. Furthermore, placentas from DHT+INS-exposed rats showed expression of placental insufficiency markers and a significant increase in cell senescence-associated protein levels. Altogether, this work demonstrates increased pregnancy complications in PCOS may be mediated by problems with uterine SpA remodelling, placental functionality, and placental senescence.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Yijia, et al.
(författare)
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Metasurface-Based Modulation With Enhanced Interference Resilience
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE Communications Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1089-7798 .- 1558-2558. ; 27:5, s. 1447-1451
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) have great potential for Internet of Things (IoT) applications due to their cost-effectiveness and energy-efficiency. However, under the application of RIS, current RIS systems cannot actively predict and avoid interference, as evolving interference signals can dynamically change their frequency bands. To address this issue, we develop a learning-based dynamic RIS spectrum access scheme to avoid interference and enhance wireless transmission reliability. An intelligent metasurface-based modulation (MM) is designed for generating and reflecting anti-interference radio-frequency signals. Specifically, a Dyna-Q algorithm is employed at the RIS controller to learn the frequency of interference signals, which is used to determine the frequency of the carrier signals. Experiments are conducted on the proposed RIS demo system to evaluate its anti-interference capability, and the results show that our scheme leads to an increase of at least 50% in the system throughput. These numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed scheme.
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| 3. |
- Wu, Zhenrui, et al.
(författare)
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Unveiling the Mysteries: Acetonitrile's Dance with Weakly-Solvating Electrolytes in Shaping Gas Evolution and Electrochemical Performance of Zinc-ion Batteries
- 2024
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie. - 1521-3773 .- 1433-7851. ; 63:19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aqueous Zn-metal battery (AZMB) is a promising candidate for future large-scale energy storage with commendable capacity, exceptional safety characteristics, and low cost. Acetonitrile (AN) has been widely used as an effective electrolyte constituent to improve AZMBs’ performance. However, its functioning mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we unveiled the critical roles of AN in AZMBs via comparative in situ electrochemical, gaseous, and morphological analyses. Despite its limited ability to solvate Zn ions, AN-modulated Zn-ion solvation sheath with increased anions and decreased water achieves a weakly-solvating electrolyte. As a result, the Zn||Zn cell with AN addition exhibited 63 times longer cycle life than cell without AN and achieved a 4 Ah cm−2 accumulated capacity with no H2 generation. In V2O5||Zn cells, for the first time, AN suppressing CO2 generation, elevating CO2-initiation voltage from 2→2.44 V (H2: 2.43→2.55 V) was discovered. AN-impeded transit and Zn-side deposition of dissolved vanadium ions, known as “crosstalk,” ameliorated inhomogeneous Zn deposition and dendritic Zn growth. At last, we demonstrated an AN-enabled high-areal-capacity AZMB (3.3 mAh cm−2) using high-mass-loading V2O5 cathode (26 mg cm−2). This study shed light on the strategy of constructing fast-desolvation electrolytes and offered insights for future electrolyte accommodation for high-voltage AZMB cathodes.
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| 4. |
- Zecheng, Li, et al.
(författare)
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Fecal microbiota transplantation in obesity metabolism : A meta analysis and systematic review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - 0168-8227. ; 202
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on microbiota engraftment in patients with metabolic syndrome remains unclear. This systematic review employed a meta-analysis of RCTs for assessment on the role of FMT in treating obesity and metabolic syndrome, and its impact on clinically relevant parameters. Method: Major databases and grey literatures were searched identifying RCTs comparing FMT of lean donors with placebo in obese/metabolic syndrome patients. Studies using any form of placebo were included. Variations in the parameters before and after treatment were calculated followed by meta-analyses. Result: Ten studies met the inclusion criteria and a total of 334 patients were included for further analysis. Clinically significant parameters associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome were explored and FMT was identified significantly and negatively associated with most indices of abdominal adiposity including caloric intake, fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides and CRP, Obesity parameters including fasting glucose and acetic acid were increased following FMT. Conclusion: FMT is more advantageous for obese patients with elevated blood pressure, disordered glucose and insulin metabolism, and elevated blood lipids. The study of metabolic factors in obese patients will be our starting point in the future.
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| 5. |
- Zhang, Chi, et al.
(författare)
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The Energetic Oxygen Ion Beams in the Martian Magnetotail Current Sheets : Hints From the Comparisons Between Two Types of Current Sheets
- 2024
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - : American Geophysical Union (AGU). - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 51:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using data from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission, we explore the plasma properties of Martian magnetotail current sheets (CS), to further understand the solar wind interaction with Mars and ion escape. There are some CS exhibit energetic oxygen ions that show narrow beam structures in the energy spectrum, which primarily occurs in the hemisphere where the solar wind electric field (Esw) is directed away from the planet. On average, these CS have a higher escaping flux than that of the CS without energetic oxygen ion beams, suggesting different roles in ion escape. The CS with energetic oxygen ion beams exhibits different proton and electron properties to the CS without energetic oxygen ion beams, indicating their different origins. Our analysis suggests that the CS with energetic oxygen ion beams may result from the interaction between the penetrated solar wind and localized oxygen ion plumes.
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