| 1. |
- Belal, Amany, et al.
(författare)
-
A Novel Hydroxyapatite/Vitamin B-12 Nanoformula for Treatment of Bone Damage: Preparation, Characterization, and Anti-Arthritic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities in Chemically Induced Arthritic Rats
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Pharmaceuticals. - : MDPI. - 1424-8247. ; 16:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The usage of nanomaterials for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment can improve bioavailability and enable selective targeting. The current study prepares and evaluates the in vivo biological effects of a novel hydroxyapatite/vitamin B-12 nanoformula in Complete Freunds adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. The synthesized nanoformula was characterized using XRD, FTIR, BET analysis, HERTEM, SEM, particle size, and zeta potential. We synthesized pure HAP NPs with 71.01% loading weight percentages of Vit B12 and 49 mg/g loading capacity. Loading of vitamin B-12 on hydroxyapatite was modeled by Monte Carlo simulation. Anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of the prepared nanoformula were assessed. Treated arthritic rats showed lower levels of RF and CRP, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-17, and ADAMTS-5, but higher IL-4 and TIMP-3 levels. In addition, the prepared nanoformula increased GSH content and GST antioxidant activity while decreasing LPO levels. Furthermore, it reduced the expression of TGF-beta mRNA. Histopathological examinations revealed an improvement in joint injuries through the reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration, cartilage deterioration, and bone damage caused by Complete Freunds adjuvant. These findings indicate that the anti-arthritic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of the prepared nanoformula could be useful for the development of new anti-arthritic treatments.
|
|
| 2. |
- Belal, Amany, et al.
(författare)
-
Therapeutic Potential of Zeolites/Vitamin B12 Nanocomposite on Complete Freunds Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis as a Bone Disorder: In Vivo Study and Bio-Molecular Investigations
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Pharmaceuticals. - : MDPI. - 1424-8247. ; 16:2
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disease. As nanotechnology has advanced, a growing number of nanodrugs have been used in the treatment of RA due to their unique physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this study was to assess the therapeutic potential of a novel zeolite/vitamin B12 nanocomposite (Nano ZT/Vit B12) formulation in complete Freunds adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. The newly synthesized Nano ZT/Vit B12 was fully characterized using various techniques such as XRD, FT-IR, BET analysis, HERTEM, SEM, practical size, zeta potential, XRF, and EDX. The anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities as well as the immunomodulation effect of Nano ZT/Vit B12 on the CFA rat model of arthritis were examined. Histopathologic ankle joint injuries caused by CFA intrapedal injection included synovium hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration, and extensive cartilage deterioration. The arthritic rats Nano ZT/Vit B12 supplementation significantly improved these effects. Furthermore, in arthritic rats, Nano ZT/Vit B12 significantly reduced serum levels of RF and CRP, as well as the levels of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-17, and ADAMTS-5, while increasing IL-4 and TIMP-3 levels. Nano-ZT/Vit B12 significantly declined the LPO level and increased antioxidant activities, such as GSH content and GST activity, in the arthritic rats. In arthritic rats, Nano ZT/Vit B12 also reduced TGF-beta mRNA gene expression and MMP-13 protein levels. Collectively, Nano ZT/Vit B12 seems to have anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, making it a promising option for RA in the future.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bashari, Mohanad, et al.
(författare)
-
Fabrication and Characterization of Dextranase Nano-Entrapped Enzymes in Polymeric Particles Using a Novel Ultrasonication-Microwave Approach
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Catalysts. - : MDPI. - 2073-4344. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the current study, a novel method to improve the nano-entrapment of enzymes into Ca-alginate gel was investigated to determine the synergistic effects of ultrasound combined with microwave shock (UMS). The effects of UMS treatment on dextranase enzymes loading effectiveness (LE) and immobilization yield (IY) were investigated. By using FT-IR spectra and SEM, the microstructure of the immobilized enzyme (IE) was characterized. Additionally, the free enzyme was used as a control to compare the reusability and enzyme-kinetics characteristics of IEs produced with and without UMS treatments. The results demonstrated that the highest LE and IY were obtained when the IE was produced with a US of 40 W at 25 kHz for 15 min combined with an MS of 60 W at a shock rate of 20 s/min for 20 min, increasing the LE and the IY by 97.32 and 78.25%, respectively, when compared with an immobilized enzyme prepared without UMS treatment. In comparison with the control, UMS treatment dramatically raised the Vmax, KM, catalytic, and specificity constant values for the IE. The outcomes suggested that a microwave shock and ultrasound combination would be an efficient way to improve the immobilization of enzymes in biopolymer gel.
|
|
| 4. |
- Semwal, Prabhakar, et al.
(författare)
-
The medicinal chemistry of Urtica dioica L.: from preliminary evidence to clinical studies supporting its neuroprotective activity
- 2023
-
Ingår i: NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING. - : SPRINGERNATURE. - 2192-2195. ; 13:1
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urtica dioica is a perennial herb from the family of Urticaceae that is commonly known as stinging nettle. This plant is widespread in Europe, Africa, America, and a part of Asia, as it adapts to different environments and climatic conditions. The leaves, stalk, and bark of U. dioica found applications in the field of nutrition, cosmetics, textile, pest control and pharmacology. In this connection, bioactive chemical constituents such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, carotenoids, and fatty acids have been isolated from the plant. With this review, we aim at providing an updated and comprehensive overview of the contributions in literature reporting computational, in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical data supporting the therapeutic applications of U. dioica. Experimental evidence shows that U. dioica constituents and extracts can provide neuroprotective effects by acting through a combination of different molecular mechanisms, that are discussed in the review. These findings could lay the basis for the identification and design of more effective tools against neurodegenerative diseases.
|
|
| 5. |
- Zaky Khalifa, Mohamed Yassin Zaky, et al.
(författare)
-
Unraveling the Anticancer Potential of Statins: Mechanisms and Clinical Significance
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 15:19
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple Summary Statins are crucial for managing lipid disorders by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol levels, and lowering cardiovascular disease risk. Beyond cholesterol control, they exhibit pleiotropic effects, particularly in cancer. Statins influence key cancer pathways, inhibiting proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and cancer stemness, while inducing oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and apoptosis. Clinical studies suggest statin use associates with reduced cancer risk, lower-grade tumors at diagnosis, decreased local recurrence, and improved survival. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms underpinning statins anticancer properties and their clinical implications, highlighting their potential as a valuable tool in cancer prevention and treatment.Abstract Statins are an essential medication class in the treatment of lipid diseases because they inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase. They reduce cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in both primary and secondary prevention. In addition to their powerful pharmacologic suppression of cholesterol production, statins appear to have pleitropic effects in a wide variety of other diseases by modulating signaling pathways. In recent years, statins have seen a large increase in interest due to their putative anticancer effects. Statins appear to cause upregulation or inhibition in key pathways involved in cancer such as inhibition of proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis as well as reducing cancer stemness. Further, statins have been found to induce oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and apoptosis of cancer cells. Interestingly, clinical studies have shown that statin use is associated with a decreased risk of cancer formation, lower cancer grade at diagnosis, reduction in the risk of local reoccurrence, and increasing survival in patients. Therefore, our objective in the present review is to summarize the findings of the publications on the underlying mechanisms of statins anticancer effects and their clinical implications.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lin, Feng, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional studies of HLA and its role in SARS-CoV-2: Stimulating T cell response and vaccine development
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Life Sciences. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0024-3205 .- 1879-0631. ; 315
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the biological immune process, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays an indispensable role in the expression of HLA molecules in the human body when viral infection activates the T-cell response to remove the virus. Since the first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in 2019, how to address and prevent SARS-CoV-2 has become a common problem facing all mankind. The T-cell immune response activated by MHC peptides is a way to construct a defense line and reduce the transmission and harm of the virus. Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 antigen is associated with different types of HLA phenotypes, and different HLA phenotypes induce different immune responses. The prediction of SARS-CoV-2 mutation information and the design of vaccines based on HLAs can effectively activate autoimmunity and cope with virus mutations, which can provide some references for the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2.
|
|
| 7. |
- Xiong, Yan, et al.
(författare)
-
Small molecule Z363 co-regulates TAF10 and MYC via the E3 ligase TRIP12 to suppress tumour growth
- 2023
-
Ingår i: CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE. - : JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD. - 2001-1326. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe MYC oncoprotein, also known as the master regulator of genes, is a transcription factor that regulates numerous physiological processes, including cell cycle control, apoptosis, protein synthesis and cell adhesion, among others. MYC is overexpressed in approximately 70% of human cancers. Given its pervasive role in cancer biology, MYC down-regulation has become an attractive cancer treatment strategy. MethodsThe CRISPR/Cas9 method was used to produce KO cell models. Western blot was used to analyzed the expressions of MYC and TATA-binding proteinassociated factors 10 (TAF10) in cancer cells (MCF7, A549, HepG2 cells) Cell culture studies were performed to determine the mechanisms by which small molecules (Z363119456, Z363) affects MYC and TAF10 expressions and functions. Mouse studies were carried out to investigate the impact of Z363 regulation on tumor growth. ResultsZ363 activate Thyroid hormone Receptor-interacting Protein 12 (TRIP12), which phosphorylates MYC at Thr58, resulting in MYC ubiquitination and degradation and thereby regulating MYC target genes. Importantly, TRIP12 also induces TAF10 degradation, which reduces MYC protein levels. TRIP12, an E3 ligase, controls MYC levels both directly and indirectly by inhibiting MYC or TAF10 activity. ConclusionsIn summary,these results demonstrate the anti-cancer properties of Z363, a small molecule that is co-regulated by TAF10 and MYC.
|
|
