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Bodily exchanges, bioethics and border crossing : perspectives on giving, selling and sharing bodies
- 2016. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medical therapy, research and technology enable us to make our bodies, or parts of them, available to others in an increasing number of ways. This is the case in organ, tissue, egg and sperm donation as well as in surrogate motherhood and clinical research. Bringing together leading scholars working on the ethical, social and cultural aspects of such bodily exchanges, this cutting-edge book develops new ways of understanding them.Bodily Exchanges, Bioethics and Border Crossing both probes the established giving and selling frameworks for conceptualising bodily exchanges in medicine, and seeks to develop and examine another, less familiar framework: that of sharing. A framework of sharing can capture practices that involve giving up and giving away part of one’s body, such as organ and tissue donation, and practices that do not, such as surrogacy and research participation. Sharing also recognizes the multiple relationalities that these exchanges can involve and invites inquiry into the context in which they occur. In addition, the book explores the multiple forms of border crossing that bodily exchanges in medicine involve, from the physical boundaries of the body to relational borders – as can happen in surrogacy – to national borders and the range of ethical issues that these various border-crossings can give rise to. Engaging with anthropology, sociology, philosophy, and feminist and postcolonical perspectives, this is an original and timely contribution to contemporary bioethics in a time of increasing globalization. It will be of use to students and researchers from a range of humanities and social science backgrounds as well as medical and other healthcare professionals with an interest in bioethics.
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- de Boer, Marjolein, et al.
(författare)
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Sharing lives, sharing bodies: partners negotiating breast cancer experiences
- 2019
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Ingår i: Medicine, Health care and Philosophy. - : SPRINGER. - 1386-7423 .- 1572-8633. ; 22:2, s. 253-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By drawing on Jean-Luc Nancys philosophy of ontological relationality, this article explores what it means to be a we in breast cancer. What are the characteristicsthe extent and diversityof couples relationally lived experiences of bodily changes in breast cancer? Through analyzing duo interviews with diagnosed women and their partners, four ways of sharing an embodied life are identified. (1) While being different together, partners have different, albeit connected kinds of experiences of breast cancer. (2) While being there for you, partners take care of each other in mutually dependent ways. (3) While being reconnected to you, partners (re-)relate to each other through intimacy and sexuality. (4) While being like you, partners synchronize their embodied daily lives to one another, sometimes up to the point that the self cannot be distinguished from the other anymore. These ways reveal that being a we involves complex affective, bodily encounters in which the many fault lines that both separate partners into individual selves and join them together as a unity are continuously reshaped and negotiated. Being a we may be understood as something we have to do. Therefore, in being true to the legacy of Nancy, we argue at the end of this article for a sensible praxis of sharing a life and body, particularly in breast cancer.
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Feminist Phenomenology and Medicine
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Phenomenological insights into health issues relating to bodily self-experience, normality and deviance, self-alienation, and objectification. Situated at the intersection of phenomenology of medicine and feminist phenomenology, this volume provides insights into medical practices such as surgical operations, organ transplants, dentistry, midwifery, and psychiatry. The contributors make clear the relevance of feminist phenomenology to the fields of medicine and health by highlighting difference, vulnerability, and volatility as central dimensions of human experience rather than deviations. It also further vitalizes the field of phenomenology by bringing it into conversation with a range of different materials—including case studies, fiction, and other forms of narrative—and shedding new light on issues like bodily self-experience, normality and deviance, self-alienation, and objectification. The volume’s focus on concrete experience develops and sharpens the methodological tools and conceptual framework of phenomenology and makes it an excellent resource for scholars, students, and medical practitioners alike.
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| 6. |
- Folkmarson Käll, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Still Alice? : ethical aspects of conceptualising selfhood in dementia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Routledge handbook of the medical humanities. - London och New York : Routledge. - 9780815374619 ; , s. 290-299
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The 2014 film Still Alice depicts the prominent linguistics professor Alice Howland who at the age of 50 is diagnosed with early onset familial Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The film follows Alice from her first experiences of disorientation and forgetting of words through the progression of her condition that eventually leaves her unable to care for herself. This chapter analyses the film Still Alice in order to discuss frameworks for conceptualising subjectivity in relation to dementia, and particularly AD. In one scene Alice wakes up in the middle of the night distressed that her phone is missing and in the next scene her husband finds it in the freezer in the kitchen. The viewer is under the illusion that the second scene, coming straight after the first, portrays the next morning, as Alice says “I was looking for that last night” but then John reveals that a month has passed.
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- Friberg von Sydow, Rikard, 1978-
(författare)
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Att ta skriken på allvar : Etiska perspektiv på självdestruktivt beteende
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation has multiple goals. First to analyze self-destructive behavior and its relations to ethics. Secondly to evaluate four different ethical perspectives regarding self-destructiveness from a certain position of human nature. The third goal is to construct a position that deals with self-destructive behavior in a way that is improved and well-managed compared to the four ethical perspectives analyzed earlier. The first goal is met by comparing and evaluating different theories concerning self-destructive behavior and discussing the ethical implications surrounding them. Self-destructive behavior is seen as a way of communicating, which puts a moral pressure on both the self-destructive person and the society around her. The four ethical perspectives represented by Robert Nozick and Thomas Szasz, two neoliberals, James B Nelson, a body theologian inspired by Paul Tillich, Gail Weiss, a body feminist and Mary Timothy Prokes, a catholic body theologian, are hence met by the problem of self-destruct, analyzed and critically evaluated. In the final chapter the author constructs an improved ethical perspective concerned with self-destructiveness, based on altruism, responsibility and broad-mindedness.
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- Gunnarson, Martin, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Ethico-Political aspects of clinical judgment in opportunistic screening for cognitive impairment : Arendtian and aristotelian perspectives
- 2022
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Ingår i: Medicine, Health care and Philosophy. - Dordrecht, Netherlands : Springer. - 1386-7423 .- 1572-8633. ; 25, s. 495-507
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines a population-based opportunistic screening practice for cognitive impairment that takes place at a hospital in Sweden. At the hospital, there is a routine in place that stipulates that all patients over the age of 65 who are admitted to the ward will be offered testing for cognitive impairment, unless they have been tested within the last six months or have been diagnosed with any form of cognitive impairment. However, our analysis shows that this routine is not universally and mechanically applied. Rather, the health care professionals have developed and use an ethico-political judgment, concerning, for example, whom to test, when to offer the tests, and how to explain and perform them. This article explores the role and practice of this form of judgment, emphasising its political and ethical nature. The analysis is based on qualitative interviews with professionals and patients, and draws on the theories of Aristotle and Hannah Arendt.
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| 9. |
- Gunnarson, Martin, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Ethico-Political Aspects of Conceptualizing Screening : The Case of Dementia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Health Care Analysis. - : Springer. - 1065-3058 .- 1573-3394. ; 29, s. 343-359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the value of early detection of dementia is largely agreed upon, populationbased screening as a means of early detection is controversial. This controversial status means that such screening is not recommended in most national dementia plans. Some current practices, however, resemble screening but are labelled “casefinding” or “detection of cognitive impairment”. Labelled as such, they may avoid the ethical scrutiny that population-based screening may be subject to. This article examines conceptualizations of screening and case-finding. It shows how the definitions and delimitations of the concepts (the what of screening) are drawn into the ethical, political, and practical dimensions that screening assessment criteria or principles are intended to clarify and control (the how of screening, how it is and how it should be performed). As a result, different conceptualizations of screening provide the opportunity to rethink what ethical assessments should take place: the conceptualizations have different ethico-political implications. The article argues that population- based systematic screening, population-based opportunistic screening, and case-finding should be clearly distinguished.
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| 10. |
- Guntram, Lisa
(författare)
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Ambivalent Ambiguity? : A study of how women with 'atypical' sex development make sense of female embodiment
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Against a backdrop of feminist and social scientific research on sex, female embodiment, and normality this thesis aims to discern how young women, who in adolescence have learned that their bodies are developing in ways considered ‘atypical’ for the female sex, make sense of their bodies and their situation. In focus are the ways in which the women make sense of and negotiate female embodiment; how they, particularly in stories about their interactions with others, position their embodied selves; and how norms and beliefs about sexed embodiment, heterosexual practice, and in/fertility are strengthened and challenged in the interviewees’ sense-making. The data comprise 23 in-depth interviews with women who in adolescence have learned that they do not have a uterus and a vagina, or who have learned that they do not have two X chromosomes and have no, or non-functioning, ovaries. Through narrative and thematic analysis the thesis shows how the women’s sense-making can be obstructed by norms about female embodiment, heterosexual practice, and in/fertility, expressed through medical terminology and practice and in interaction with family, friends, and peers, as described by the interviewees. Concomitantly, as the thesis demonstrates, medical terminology can be experienced and function as a resource in the women’s sense-making. Diagnostic categories enable them to put the specificities of sex development into words and raise awareness about bodily variation. Furthermore, in their stories about others’ reactions to their bodies and about their experience and management of certain medical treatments, the women question norms about female embodiment, heterosexual practice, and in/fertility that were previously taken for granted. The complexity of the women’s sense-making is demonstrated through the ways in which the interviewees, on the one hand, align with norms about female embodiment, heterosexual practice, and in/fertility, and in which they, on the other hand, succeed in challenging the same. In this ‘juggling’ of reinforcement and resistance, the thesis argues, the women are found to expand rather than dismiss beliefs about female embodiment. Thus, the thesis contributes with deepened knowledge about what it can be like to live with these specific conditions and with problematizations of how norms about female embodiment can be enacted and questioned.
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