| 1. |
- Xu, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Solution Aggregation Property toward High-Efficiency Non-Fullerene Organic Photovoltaic Cells
- 2024
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Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In organic photovoltaic cells, the solution-aggregation effect (SAE) is long considered a critical factor in achieving high power-conversion efficiencies for polymer donor (PD)/non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) blend systems. However, the underlying mechanism has yet to be fully understood. Herein, based on an extensive study of blends consisting of the representative 2D-benzodithiophene-based PDs and acceptor-donor-acceptor-type NFAs, it is demonstrated that SAE shows a strong correlation with the aggregation kinetics during solidification, and the aggregation competition between PD and NFA determines the phase separation of blend film and thus the photovoltaic performance. PDs with strong SAEs enable earlier aggregation evolutions than NFAs, resulting in well-known polymer-templated fibrillar network structures and superior PCEs. With the weakening of PDs' aggregation effects, NFAs, showing stronger tendencies to aggregate, tend to form oversized domains, leading to significantly reduced external quantum efficiencies and fill factors. These trends reveal the importance of matching SAE between PD and NFA. The aggregation abilities of various materials are further evaluated and the aggregation ability/photovoltaic parameter diagrams of 64 PD/NFA combinations are provided. This work proposes a guiding criteria and facile approach to match efficient PD/NFA systems. A systematic study of the representative organic photovoltaic systems shows that the aggregation competition between polymer donor (PD) and non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) is a decisive factor in the phase separation of blend film and thus the photovoltaic performance. Based on 64 PD/NFA combinations, the aggregation ability/photovoltaic parameter heatmaps are plotted, providing a new matching rule for developing high-efficiency PD/NFA systems. image
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| 2. |
- Huang, Hongyun, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Cell Therapy Guidelines for Neurorestoration (IANR/CANR 2017)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cell Transplantation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0963-6897 .- 1555-3892. ; 27:2, s. 310-324
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell therapy has been shown to be a key clinical therapeutic option for central nervous system diseases or damage. Standardization of clinical cell therapy procedures is an important task for professional associations devoted to cell therapy. The Chinese Branch of the International Association of Neurorestoratology (IANR) completed the first set of guidelines governing the clinical application of neurorestoration in 2011. The IANR and the Chinese Association of Neurorestoratology (CANR) collaborated to propose the current version "Clinical Cell Therapy Guidelines for Neurorestoration (IANR/CANR 2017)". The IANR council board members and CANR committee members approved this proposal on September 1, 2016, and recommend it to clinical practitioners of cellular therapy. These guidelines include items of cell type nomenclature, cell quality control, minimal suggested cell doses, patient-informed consent, indications for undergoing cell therapy, contraindications for undergoing cell therapy, documentation of procedure and therapy, safety evaluation, efficacy evaluation, policy of repeated treatments, do not charge patients for unproven therapies, basic principles of cell therapy, and publishing responsibility.
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| 3. |
- Wan, Yan, et al.
(författare)
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The orbital effect on the anomalous magnetism and evolution in LaxY1-xVO3 (0 <= x <= 0.2) single crystals
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 932, s. 167526-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The orbital effect on the anomalous magnetism and evolution of single crystals with low La doping, LaxY1-xVO3 (x = 0, 0.1, and 0.2), has been studied using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, specific heat, mag-netization, and Raman-scattering techniques. It is found that substituting Y3+ by La3+ increases the de-generacy of the yz/zx orbitals and decreases the Jahn-Teller distortion. These weakens the G-type (antiphase ordering along the c axis) orbital ordering phase. Meanwhile, the substituting decreases the magnetism entropy, indicating the shrinking of the t2g and eg orbital hybridization, eventually destabilizing the C-type (in-phase ordering along the c axis) antiferromagnetic ordering phase. In addition, the mechanism for the shrinking of the diamagnetism with increasing x is analyzed. It may attribute to the competition between the antisymmetric Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction and the single-ion anisotropy.
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| 4. |
- Fan, Ke, et al.
(författare)
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Hollow Iron-Vanadium Composite Spheres : A Highly Efficient Iron-Based Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst without the Need for Nickel or Cobalt
- 2017
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Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 56:12, s. 3289-3293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Noble-metal-free bimetal-based electrocatalysts have shown high efficiency for water oxidation. Ni and/or Co in these electrocatalysts are essential to provide a conductive, high-surface area and a chemically stable host. However, the necessity of Ni or Co limits the scope of low-cost electrocatalysts. Herein, we report a hierarchical hollow FeV composite, which is Ni- and Co-free and highly efficient for electrocatalytic water oxidation with low overpotential 390 mV (10 mA cm(-2) catalytic current density), low Tafel slope of 36.7 mV dec(-1), and a considerable durability. This work provides a novel and efficient catalyst, and greatly expands the scope of low-cost Fe-based electrocatalysts for water splitting without need of Ni or Co.
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| 5. |
- Liang, Jiawei, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term microbiota and performance monitoring of a highly efficient propylene oxide co-production methyl tert-butyl ether production wastewater treatment plant
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Water Process Engineering. - 2214-7144. ; 56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was constructed specifically to treat 543,900 m3 wastewater annually generated by a novel propylene oxide (PO) co-production methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) petroleum chemical factory in this study. The WWTP consisted of expanded anaerobic granular sludge beds (EGSBs) and aerobic activate sludge tanks (AASTs), which have been operated for 1340 days. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and petroleum oils of the WWTP influent were 5140 ± 844 mg/L and 70.08 ± 16.57 mg/L, respectively. The overall removal efficiencies for COD petroleum oils were 94.43% ± 2.36% and 93.46% ± 5.95%, respectively. EGSBs account for 41.48% ± 10.52% of the total COD removal, while AAST contributed to 52.95% ± 10.18%. AAST played a prominent role in the removal of petroleum oils. The optimum COD volume loading rate (VLR) of EGSBs during the operation was 1.83 ± 0.10 kg COD/m3/d, whereas the average COD VLR of AAST was 0.45 ± 0.09 kg COD/m3/d. The composition of dominant microorganisms found in EGSBs and AASTs significantly enhance the performance and efficiency of the WWTP. This study underscores the potential of employing a similar approach for long-term and efficient treatment of industrial complex pollutants, while also highlighting the presence of microbiota with exceptional capability to remove petrochemical contaminants.
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| 6. |
- Qiu, Chunjing, et al.
(författare)
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A strong mitigation scenario maintains climate neutrality of northern peatlands
- 2022
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Ingår i: One Earth. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-3330 .- 2590-3322. ; 5:1, s. 86-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Northern peatlands store 300–600 Pg C, of which approximately half are underlain by permafrost. Climate warming and, in some regions, soil drying from enhanced evaporation are progressively threatening this large carbon stock. Here, we assess future CO2 and CH4 fluxes from northern peatlands using five land surface models that explicitly include representation of peatland processes. Under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6, northern peatlands are projected to remain a net sink of CO2 and climate neutral for the next three centuries. A shift to a net CO2 source and a substantial increase in CH4 emissions are projected under RCP8.5, which could exacerbate global warming by 0.21°C (range, 0.09–0.49°C) by the year 2300. The true warming impact of peatlands might be higher owing to processes not simulated by the models and direct anthropogenic disturbance. Our study highlights the importance of understanding how future warming might trigger high carbon losses from northern peatlands.
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| 7. |
- Tang, Jinfeng, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of copper and zinc recovery from MSWI fly ash in Guangzhou based on a hydrometallurgical process
- 2018
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Ingår i: Waste Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-053X .- 1879-2456. ; 76, s. 225-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fly ash commonly accumulates a significant amount of heavy metals and most of these heavy metals are toxic and easily leached out to the environment, posing risks to human health. Thus, fly ash has been classified as a type of hazardous waste and requires proper treatment before disposal in specific landfill sites for hazardous waste. In this study, a hydrometallurgical process developed to recover copper and zinc performed in pilot scale close to industrial scale followed by a landfill compliance leaching test of the ash residue is evaluated. LIX860N-I and Cyanex 572 gave high selectively for extractions, a yield efficiency of 95% and 61% was achieved for copper and zinc respectively. Results of pilot experiments reveals that the combining metal recovery recycling and landfill disposal of the ash residue in a local regular landfill was demonstrated to be a technically and economically effective strategy. Specifically, the economic and environmental aspects of a scenario, in which the fly ash generated in Guangzhou is processed were systematically assessed. the assessment results show that a 7.15 million US$ of total expense reduction, a less energy cost of 19k GJ as well as 2100 tons less CO2 emissions could be achieved annually comparing to the current alternative, direct disposal of the fly ash as hazardous waste. The results reveal that the hydrometallurgical process has industrial application potential on both economic and environmental aspects and further optimization of the process can give more accurate assessment of the cost and environment effect. In addition, leaching tests and evaluation of solid residue according to the regulations specific to the country should be studied in future.
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| 8. |
- Tang, Jinfeng, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of heavy metals mobility and correlative recovery and decontamination from MSWI fly ash: Mechanism and hydrometallurgical process evaluation
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 768
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) enriches many leachable toxic metals which readily migrate into the environment, posing serious risks to the ecosystem and human. In this study, the elements mobility, leaching availability as well as the potential maximum amounts of heavy metals in fly ash were thoroughly evaluated. To decontaminate the toxic elements from resulting fly ash leachates, The aqueous zinc (Zn) was recovered using Cyanex 572, cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) were effectively removed through adsorption process by a self-assembled hierarchical hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanostructure. The removal mechanism of Cd, Cu and Zn by leaching, extraction and adsorption was revealed with the results from XRD, ICP-MS and SEM. The results showed that fly ash has a high mobility under maximum availability leaching test (95% of fly ash was dissolved), a recovery rate of 91% for Zn can be obtained using Cyanex 572, and a high adsorption rate (> 95% for both Cu and Cd) was reached using HAP for the pristine fly ash leachate. The outcomes from isothermal and kinetic study revealed that Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order model can well describe the Cd and Cu adsorption behavior. Economic assessment suggested that the application of HAP for the removal of Cd and Cu is a technically sound and economically feasible approach. The findings of this study demonstrated that this comprehensive process integrated leaching, solvent extraction and consequential decontamination can be a practical strategy for MSWI fly ash treatment.
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| 9. |
- Tang, Jinfeng, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Highly efficient recovery and clean-up of four heavy metals from MSWI fly ash by integrating leaching, selective extraction and adsorption
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 234, s. 139-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash contains significant amounts of heavy metals (e.g., Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) and is therefore considered to be a hazardous waste requiring proper treatment prior to its disposal. In this work, an integrated hydrometallurgical process for treatment of MSWI fly ash was evaluated. Valuable metals, e.g. Cu and Zn, were first recovered by combining leaching and extraction sequentially. In the next step, the t removal of Cd and Pb from the remaining leachate using four types of iron-based adsorbents was evaluated. The leaching was optimized with respect to pH, leaching time and liquid to solid ratio. A test done under optimal conditions gave metal releases of 100% and 80% for Cu and Zn as well as 100% and 85% for Cd and Pb, respectively. The resulting leachate was contacted with organic phases based on kerosene containing the extractants LIX860N–I for Cu extraction and Cyanex 572 for Zn extraction in two consecutive steps. Efficient extractions were achieved, thus demonstrating that the combination of leaching and extraction can be successfully used for the recovery of Cu and Zn. Adsorption of heavy metal ions on various iron based sorbents to detoxify the aqueous effluent from the extraction showed good removal efficiency (more than 95%) for both Cd and Pb. The results of this study show that the proposed integrated process is a promising tool that can be used in the strategy for metal recovery and detoxification of MSWI fly ash.
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| 10. |
- Tang, Jinfeng, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Optimizing critical metals recovery and correlative decontamination from MSWI fly ash: Evaluation of an integrating two-step leaching hydrometallurgical process
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is classified as hazardous waste, it can also serve as an urban mining source for numerous precious metals. Of particular interest are antimony (Sb) and zinc (Zn); the former of which is a strategic and critical metal that is being rapidly depleted, putting society at high risk for supply shortages. In this work, a two-step leaching method for recovering Sb and Zn from MSWI fly ash is proposed. Furthermore, the leaching behavior and adsorption mechanism of Sb in the MSWI fly ash waste stream were also investigated. Results from the first constant pH leaching tests (CPLT) showed that under diluted acidic condition, the maximum amount of Sb released from fly ash was ∼20%. In addition, at pH 4.0, 67% of the fly ash was dissolved, while 79.3% and 12.1% of the Zn and Sb, respectively, were recovered. After optimizing and executing a second Sb leaching procedure (6 M HCl solution at 60 °C), >80% of the Sb was recovered. Thus, the proposed two-step leaching process, consisting of extraction followed by decontamination using a magnetic HAP@CoFe2O4 adsorbent, can eliminate the Sb in fly ash effluent with a removal efficiency >95%. Moreover, this process produces less toxic products and lowers the effluent residue concentration. As such, the two-step process described herein is suggested for Sb and Zn recovery from fly ash; as it not only enables precious metal recovery, but also aids in treating secondary waste streams produced from urban mining.
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