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| 2. |
- Cui, Song, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial and temporal variations of open straw burning based on fire spots in northeast China from 2013 to 2017
- 2021
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Environment. - : Elsevier. - 1352-2310 .- 1873-2844. ; 244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open straw burning releases significant amounts of particulate matter (PM) and trace gases into the air and thus is an important source of atmospheric pollutants in China. In this study, based on fire spots in northeast China from 2013 to 2017, we analyzed pollution concentration degree (PCD) and pollution concentration period (PCP), and assessed spatial and temporal variations of open straw burning. Straw types and burning areas were then determined according to the distributions of fire spots and land use dataset. The amounts of several major atmospheric pollutants (PM10, PM25, CO, NOx and NMVOCs (non-methane volatile organic compounds)) emitted into the atmosphere from open straw burning were estimated according to crop production, Residue/Grain ratio (R/G), combustion efficiency and emission factor. Open straw burning occurred frequently in dry and paddy fields, mainly in areas of West and Northeast Heilongjiang Province, Midwest Jilin Province and Central Liaoning Province. The temporal variations of open straw burning tended to be dispersed with PCD varying from >0.8 during 2013-2015 to <0.4 during 2017 and PCP changing from 28.2 to 36.0 during autumn-winter seasons of 2013-2015 to 5.4-7.9 during winter-spring seasons of 2016-2017. During the five-year period (2013-2017), the total straw yield reached 628.7 million tons, of which 10.9 million tons were open burned in northeast China. The total amounts emitted from open straw burning were 108.9, 106.9, 552.9, 36.9 and 99.4 thousand tons for PM10, PM25, CO, NOx and NMVOCs, respectively. Among these emissions, corn straw burning contributed 81.7%, 81.6%, 71.4%, 86.8% and 74.9% while rice straw burning contributed 18.2%, 18.4%, 28.5%, 13.2% and 25.0%, respectively. Emissions from open straw burning have significant impacts on pollutants ambient concentrations, especially for PM2.5 in the autumn-winter seasons as indicated by their good correlations (p < 0.05).
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| 3. |
- He, Q., et al.
(författare)
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Revealing Morphology Evolution in Highly Efficient Bulk Heterojunction and Pseudo-Planar Heterojunction Solar Cells by Additives Treatment
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advanced Energy Materials. - : Wiley. - 1614-6832 .- 1614-6840. ; 11:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Additives treatment is as a very effective strategy to optimize bulk heterojunction (BHJ) morphology. However, the inherent working mechanism of this strategy still lacks systematical investigations in non-fullerene-acceptors-based organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a series of BHJ and pseudo-planar heterojunction (PPHJ) OSCs using PM6 and IT-4F as the electron donor/acceptor pair, are developed to unveil the promoting effect of solvent additive 1, 8-diiodooctane (DIO) on active layer morphologies and device performance. The study clearly demonstrates that DIO can increase the crystallinity of IT-4F significantly, while it has less impact on PM6. It is notable that a new efficiency-determining crystalline balanced factor (CCLpolymer/CCLacceptor) is put forward, indicating that the more balanced CCLpolymer/CCLacceptor results in more balanced charge mobility and much better short-circuit current densities (Jsc) and fill factors (FF) of OSCs. The PPHJ blend film of PM6/IT-4F(DIO) exhibits enhanced crystallinity with more balanced CCL and favorable hierarchical distribution morphology, contributing to a champion efficiency of 13.70% with a record Jsc of 20.98 mA cm−2 and a remarkable FF of 75.9%. This work not only reveals the underlying mechanism of DIO caused morphology evolution, but also achieves highly efficient PPHJ OSCs with superior thermal stability by elaborately controlling the morphology of PPHJ film.
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| 4. |
- Liu, Anbu, et al.
(författare)
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DDR1/2 enhance KIT activation and imatinib resistance of primary and secondary KIT mutants in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
- 2024
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Ingår i: Molecular Carcinogenesis. - 0899-1987. ; 63:1, s. 75-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are predominantly initiated by KIT mutations. In this study, we observed that discoidin domain receptors 1 and 2 (DDR1 and DDR2) exhibited high expression in GISTs, were associated with KIT, and enhanced the activation of both wild-type KIT and primary KIT mutants. Inhibition of DDR1/2 led to a reduction in the activation of KIT and its downstream signaling molecules, ultimately impairing GIST cell survival and proliferation in vitro. Consequently, treatment of mice carrying germline KIT/V558A mutation with DDR1/2 inhibitor significantly impeded tumor growth, and the combined use of DDR1/2 inhibitor and imatinib, the first-line targeted therapeutic agent for GISTs, markedly enhanced tumor growth suppression. In addition, DDR1/2 inhibition resulted in decreased KIT expression, while KIT inhibition led to upregulation of DDR1/2 expression in GISTs. The presence of DDR1/2 also decreased the sensitivity of wild-type KIT or primary KIT mutants to imatinib, indicating a possible role for DDR1/2 in promoting GIST survival during KIT-targeted therapy. The development of drug-resistant secondary KIT mutations is a primary factor contributing to GIST recurrence following targeted therapy. Similar to primary KIT mutants, DDR1/2 can associate with and enhance the activation of secondary KIT mutants, further diminishing their sensitivity to imatinib. In summary, our data demonstrate that DDR1/2 contribute to KIT activation in GISTs and strengthen resistance to imatinib for both primary and secondary KIT mutants, providing a rationale for further exploration of DDR1/2 targeting in GIST treatment.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Pi, Zhaoyang, et al.
(författare)
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Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator made of poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) thin film
- 2014
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Ingår i: NANO ENERGY. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-2855. ; 7, s. 33-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a flexible nanogenerator based on direct piezoelectric effect using a spin-coated poly(vinytidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) thin film as functional layer has been fabricated on polyimide substrate. The as-prepared nanogenerator exhibits the open-circuit voltage up to 7 V and short-circuit current of 58 nA with current density of 0.56 mu A/Cm-2. The impact of the variation of strain rate on the electrical outputs of the nanogenerator has been characterized experimentally and analyzed theoretically. An analytical model that explains well the experimental results has been established. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
- Yao, Zhaoyang, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Overall Photoelectric Applications by Organic Materials Containing Symmetric Donor Isomers
- 2019
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Ingår i: Chemistry of Materials. - : American Concrete Institute. - 0897-4756 .- 1520-5002. ; 31:21, s. 8810-8819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic thin-film solar cells have demonstrated a bright prospect for commercial applications, where organic photosensitizers act as the most important kernel. In the global motif of sustainable development, unrelenting research efforts have been devoted to the exploration of organic material containing photosensitizers to achieve low-cost conversion of solar energy to clean electricity. In this work, two star-shaped donor cores, T1 and T2, which consist of fused thiophene triazatruxene, have been synthesized and applied in two different types of solar cells. The two-dimensional pi-bonded extension enhances their electron-donating capability and induces relatively strong intermolecular pi-pi stacking. The C-3h symmetrical donor isomers, featuring planar backbones and three-dimensional structures, are found to contribute toward a promising prospect for overall photoelectric applications.
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| 8. |
- Guo, Yaxiao, et al.
(författare)
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Boosting nitrogen reduction reaction by bio-inspired FeMoS containing hybrid electrocatalyst over a wide pH range
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nano Energy. - : Elsevier. - 2211-2855 .- 2211-3282. ; 62, s. 282-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A facile preparation of bio-inspired and morphology controllable catalytic electrode FeS@MoS2/CFC, featuring a carbon fiber cloth (CFC) covered with FeS dotted MoS2 nanosheets, has been established. Synergy between the CFC as a self-standing conductive substrate and the FeS nanoparticle dotted MoS2 nanosheets with abundant active sites makes the noble-metal-free catalytic electrode FeS@MoS2/CFC highly efficient in nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), with an ammonia production rate of 8.45 mu g h(-1) cm(-2) and excellent long-term stability at -0.5 V in pH neutral electrolyte. Further electrolysis in acidic and alkaline electrolytes revealed the overall NRR catalytic activity of this electrode over a wide pH range.
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| 9. |
- Guo, Yaxiao, et al.
(författare)
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Molybdenum and boron synergistically boosting efficient electrochemical nitrogen fixation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nano Energy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2211-2855 .- 2211-3282. ; 78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ammonia production consumes ~2% of the annual worldwide energy supply, therefore strategic alternatives for the energy-intensive ammonia synthesis through the Haber-Bosch process are of great importance to reduce our carbon footprint. Inspired by MoFe-nitrogenase and the energy-efficient and industrially feasible electrocatalytic synthesis of ammonia, we herein establish a catalytic electrode for artificial nitrogen fixation, featuring a carbon fiber cloth fully grafted by boron-doped molybdenum disulfide (B-MoS2/CFC) nanosheets. An excellent ammonia production rate of 44.09 μg h–1 cm–2 is obtained at −0.2 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), whilst maintaining one of the best reported Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 21.72% in acidic aqueous electrolyte (0.1 M HCl). Further applying a more negative potential of −0.25 V renders the best ammonia production rate of 50.51 μg h–1 cm–2. A strong-weak electron polarization (SWEP) pair from the different electron accepting and back-donating capacities of boron and molybdenum (2p shell for boron and 5d shell for molybdenum) is proposed to facilitate greatly the adsorption of non-polar dinitrogen gas via N≡N bond polarization and the first protonation with large driving force. In addition, for the first time a visible light driven photo-electrochemical (PEC) cell for overall production of ammonia, hydrogen and oxygen from water + nitrogen, is demonstrated by coupling a bismuth vanadate BiVO4 photo-anode with the B-MoS2/CFC catalytic cathode.
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| 10. |
- Kong, Chuili, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-Pair Two-Way AF Relaying Systems With Massive Arrays And Imperfect CSI
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING PROCEEDINGS. - : IEEE. - 9781479999880 ; , s. 3651-3655
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We consider a multi-pair two-way amplify-and-forward relaying system with a massive antenna array at the relay and estimated channel state information, assuming maximum-ratio combining/transmission processing. Closed-form approximations of the sum spectral efficiency are developed and simple analytical power scaling laws are presented, which reveal a fundamental trade-off between the transmit powers of each user/the relay and of each pilot symbol. Finally, the optimal power allocation problem is studied.
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