| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Ankarcrona, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
-
Obstetric anal sphincter injury after episiotomy in vacuum extraction: an epidemiological study using an emulated randomized trial approach
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology. - : Wiley. - 1471-0528 .- 1470-0328. ; 128:10, s. 1663-1671
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To emulate a randomized controlled trial investigating if lateral or mediolateral episiotomy compared to no episiotomy reduces the prevalence of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) in nulliparous women delivered with vacuum extraction.A population-based observational study.Sweden.63 654 nulliparous women delivered with vacuum extraction derived from the Swedish Medical Birth Register 2000-2011, with a live singleton baby without known malformations in cephalic presentation in gestational week ≥34+0, and subject to lateral or mediolateral episiotomy or no episiotomy.The effect of episiotomy was calculated using a causal doubly robust estimation method based on propensity scores. Results are presented as the average treatment effect and numbers needed to treat (NNT).OASIS (third- and fourth-degree perineal injury) in nulliparous women delivered with vacuum extraction.Episiotomy was associated with a reduction in OASIS from 15.5% to 11.8%, average treatment effect -3.66% (95% CI -4.31 to -3.01) and NNT 27. Third-degree perineal injuries were reduced from 14.0% to 10.9% (-3.08, 95% CI -3.71 to -2.42) with NNT 32. Fourth-degree perineal injuries were reduced from 1.6% to 1.0 % (-0.58%, 95% CI -0.79 to -0.37) with NNT 172.Lateral or mediolateral episiotomy reduced the prevalence of OASIS in nulliparous women delivered with vacuum extraction, compared to women with no episiotomy.
|
|
| 5. |
- Cao, Xuan, et al.
(författare)
-
Engineering yeast for high-level production of diterpenoid sclareol
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Metabolic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-7176 .- 1096-7184. ; 75, s. 19-28
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The diterpenoid sclareol is an industrially important precursor for alternative sustainable supply of ambergris. However, its current production from plant extraction is neither economical nor environmental-friendly, since it requires laborious and cost-intensive purification procedures and plants cultivation is susceptible to environmental factors. Engineering cell factories for bio-manufacturing can enable sustainable production of natural products. However, stringent metabolic regulation poses challenges to rewire cellular metabolism for overproduction of compounds of interest. Here we used a modular approach to globally rewire the cellular metabolism for improving sclareol production to 11.4 g/L in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the highest reported diterpenoid titer in microbes. Metabolic flux analysis showed that modular balanced metabolism drove the metabolic flux toward the biosynthesis of targeted molecules, and transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression of central metabolism genes was shaped for a new balanced metabolism, which laid a foundation in extensive metabolic engineering of other microbial species for sustainable bio-production.
|
|
| 6. |
- Hu, Yingying, et al.
(författare)
-
Visible light excited and temperature-responsive phosphorescent system in a phase-changing matrix
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Materials Advances. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2633-5409.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reversibly switching visible light excited phosphorescence emission by external stimuli is highly challenging. Herein, we report a series of tetrakis(arylthio)benzene derivatives with a D-A structure, exhibiting visible-light excited room-temperature phosphorescence. Significantly, the emission from their crystalline powder state responded to mechanical forces, attributed to alterations in molecular stacking changes, resulting in their phosphorescence color changes. Moreover, the monomer and aggregated phosphorescence transition could be reversibly switched by temperature when doping these molecules into a phase-changing matrix saturated fatty acid (FA) because the FA matrix is transformed between solid and fluid states under different temperatures. In addition, multi-color luminescent materials were also obtained by further introducing triphenylamine dye molecules. Finally, these doping systems exhibited excellent application potential in temperature indication and anti-counterfeiting. This successful design strategy provides a new idea for preparing reversible external stimuli-responsive phosphorescent materials. D-A-type tetrakis(arylthio)benzene derivatives exhibited visible-light excited phosphorescence, mechanical-stimuli responsive phosphorescence in solid and temperature-induced phosphorescence changes in the phase-changing doping state.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ji, Zhenbing, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of surface morphology and composition of titanium implants on osteogenesis and inflammatory responses : a review
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Biomedical Materials. - : IOP Publishing. - 1748-6041 .- 1748-605X. ; 18:4
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Titanium and its alloys have been widely used in bone tissue defect treatment owing to their excellent comprehensive properties. However, because of the biological inertness of the surface, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory osseointegration with the surrounding bone tissue when implanted into the body. Meanwhile, an inflammatory response is inevitable, which leads to implantation failure. Therefore, solving these two problems has become a new research hotspot. In current studies, various surface modification methods were proposed to meet the clinical needs. Yet, these methods have not been classified as a system to guide the follow-up research. These methods are demanded to be summarized, analyzed, and compared. In this manuscript, the effect of physical signal regulation (multi-scale composite structure) and chemical signal regulation (bioactive substance) generated by surface modification in promoting osteogenesis and reducing inflammatory responses was generalized and discussed. Finally, from the perspective of material preparation and biocompatibility experiments, the development trend of surface modification in promoting titanium implant surface osteogenesis and anti-inflammatory research was proposed.
|
|
| 8. |
- Li, Peng, et al.
(författare)
-
Understanding reactions between water and steelmaking slags : Iron distribution, hydrogen generation, and phase transformations
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 47:48, s. 20741-20754
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmentally friendly energy harvesting can be achieved by the H2O thermochemical treatment of steelmaking slags. Hot slag from steel manufacturing is used as a sacrificial material to produce H2 in a stream of steam. In parallel, this process enhances the magnetic properties of the slag, benefitting the Fe recovery. In this work, the occurrence states of different iron species in slags, as well as their reactivity and phase transformations in H2O, were investigated. The results showed that Fe2+ was mainly distributed in olivine (Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn)2SiO4 when the basicity was low. As the basicity increased, a gradual enrichment of Fe2+ in RO phase (divalent oxides solid solution, R = Fe, Mg, Mn etc.) was observed. In addition to steelmaking slags, the H2O splitting reactions of synthetic model iron compounds, RO phase (Mg1-xFexO, x = 0.36, 0.63, 0.77) and kirschsteinite (CaFeSiO4) were also tested. RO phase exhibited fast kinetics, with its activity proportional to the FeO content. Oxidation of the magnesia-rich RO phase resulted in the phase segregation of iron-depleted magnesiowustite (Mg,Fe-depleted)O and iron-rich spinel (Mg, Fe-rich)3O4. The H2O splitting of CaFeSiO4 suffered from extremely low kinetics below 900 degrees C, which could be enhanced by raising the temperature. The H2 production capacity of steelmaking slags was strongly affected by the basicity, which improved when more Fe2+ existed as RO phase rather than CaFeSiO4. After oxidation in steam at 850 degrees C, the slag sample with a basicity of 1.83 produced 29.3 cm3.g(material)-1 hydrogen at 850 degrees C for 60 min, with a conversion ratio of 80.1%.
|
|
| 9. |
- Li, Yiran, et al.
(författare)
-
Photoinduced Radical Emission in a Coassembly System
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 60:44, s. 23842-23848
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developing radical emission at ambient conditions is a challenging task since radical species are unstable in air. In the present work, we overcome this challenge by coassembling a series of tricarbonyl-substituted benzene molecules with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The strong hydrogen bonds between the guest dopants and the PVA host matrix protect the free radicals of carbonyl compounds after light irradiation, leading to strong solid state free radical emission. Changing temperature and peripheral functional groups of the tricarbonyl-substituted benzenes can influence the intensity of the radical emission. Quantum-chemical calculations predict that such free radical fluorescence originates from anti-Kasha D-2 -> D-0 vertical emission by the anion radicals. The photoinduced radical emission by the tricarbonyl-substituted benzenes was successfully utilized for information encryption application.
|
|
| 10. |
- Qu, Yanhua, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic responses to seasonalvariation in altitudinal stress: whole-genome resequencing ofgreat tit in eastern Himalayas
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Species that undertake altitudinal migrations are exposed to a considerable seasonal variationin oxygen levels and temperature. How they cope with this was studied in a population of greattit (Parus major) that breeds at high elevations and winters at lower elevations in the easternHimalayas. Comparison of population genomics of high altitudinal great tits and those living inlowlands revealed an accelerated genetic selection for carbohydrate energy metabolism (aminosugar, nucleotide sugar metabolism and insulin signaling pathways) and hypoxia response (PI3K-akt,mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways) in the high altitudinal population. The PI3K-akt, mTOR andMAPK pathways modulate the hypoxia-inducible factors, HIF-1α and VEGF protein expression thusindirectly regulate hypoxia induced angiogenesis, erythropoiesis and vasodilatation. The strategiesobserved in high altitudinal great tits differ from those described in a closely related species onthe Tibetan Plateau, the sedentary ground tit (Parus humilis). This species has enhanced selectionin lipid-specific metabolic pathways and hypoxia-inducible factor pathway (HIF-1). Comparativepopulation genomics also revealed selection for larger body size in high altitudinal great tits.
|
|
