| 1. |
- Jhun, Mina-A, et al.
(författare)
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A multi-ethnic epigenome-wide association study of leukocyte DNA methylation and blood lipids
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we examine the association between DNA methylation in circulating leukocytes and blood lipids in a multi-ethnic sample of 16,265 subjects. We identify 148, 35, and 4 novel associations among Europeans, African Americans, and Hispanics, respectively, and an additional 186 novel associations through a trans-ethnic meta-analysis. We observe a high concordance in the direction of effects across racial/ethnic groups, a high correlation of effect sizes between high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides, a modest overlap of associations with epigenome-wide association studies of other cardio-metabolic traits, and a largely non-overlap with lipid loci identified to date through genome-wide association studies. Thirty CpGs reached significance in at least 2 racial/ethnic groups including 7 that showed association with the expression of an annotated gene. CpGs annotated to CPT1A showed evidence of being influenced by triglycerides levels. DNA methylation levels of circulating leukocytes show robust and consistent association with blood lipid levels across multiple racial/ethnic groups. Abnormal blood lipid levels are important risk factors for cardiovascular and other various diseases. Here the authors conduct a large-scale multi-ethnic epigenome-wide association study combined with epigenetic (cis-QTL and eQTM) data, and identify CpG-lipid traits associations that are specific to or common across racial/ethnic groups.
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| 2. |
- He, Jia, et al.
(författare)
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A population-based survey of the epidemiology of symptom-defined gastroesophageal reflux disease : the Systematic Investigation of Gastrointestinal Diseases in China
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Gastroenterology. - 1471-230X. ; 10, s. 94-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has yet to be investigated using the symptomatic threshold criteria recommended by the Montreal Definition. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of symptom-defined GERD across five regions of China, and to investigate variables associated with GERD. Methods: A representative sample of 18 000 adults (aged 18-80 years) were selected equally from rural and urban areas in each region (n = 1800). According to the Montreal Definition, GERD is present when mild symptoms of heartburn and/ or regurgitation occur on >= 2 days a week, or moderate-to-severe symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation occur on >= 1 day a week. Results: In total, 16 091 participants completed the survey (response rate: 89.4%) and 16 078 responses were suitable for analysis. Applying the Montreal criteria, the prevalence of symptom-defined GERD was 3.1% and varied significantly (p < 0.001) among the five regions (from 1.7% in Guangzhou to 5.1% in Wuhan) and between rural and urban populations (3.8% vs 2.4%). Factors significantly associated with GERD included living in a rural area and a family history of gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusions: This population-based survey found that the prevalence of symptom-defined GERD in China was 3.1%, which is lower than that found in Western countries.
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| 3. |
- Qiu, Yizhi, et al.
(författare)
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Proximity to oilseed rape fields affects plant pollination and pollinator-mediated selection on a co-flowering plant on the Tibetan Plateau
- 2023
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Ingår i: Evolutionary Applications. - : Wiley. - 1752-4571. ; 16:4, s. 814-823
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ecological effects of mass-flowering crops on pollinator abundance and species richness of neighbouring habitats are well established, yet the potential evolutionary consequences remain unclear. We studied effects of proximity to a mass-flowering crop on the pollination of local co-flowering plants and on patterns of natural selection on a pollination-generalised plant on the Tibetan Plateau. We recorded pollinator visitation rates and community composition at different distances (near vs. far) to oilseed rape (Brassica napus) fields in two habitat types and quantified pollinator-mediated selection on attractive traits of Trollius ranunculoides. The proximity to oilseed rape increased pollinator visitation in neighbouring alpine meadows and changed pollinator composition in neighbouring shrub meadows. Trollius ranunculoides in the alpine meadow near oilseed rape received three times more pollinator visits (mainly bees) and consequently had a 16.5% increase in seed set but also received slightly more heterospecific pollen per stigma. In contrast, pollinator visitation to T. ranunculoides in the shrub meadow near oilseed rape was three times lower (mainly flies), leading to a 10.7% lower seed despite no effect on pollen deposition. The proximity to the oilseed rape field intensified pollinator-mediated selection on flower size and weakened selection on flower height of T. ranunculoides in the alpine meadow but did not affect phenotypic selection on either trait in the shrub meadow. Our study highlights context-dependent variation in plant–pollinator interactions close to mass-flowering oilseed rape, suggesting potential effects on the evolution of flower traits of native plants through altered pollinator-mediated selection. However, context dependence may make these effects difficult to predict.
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| 4. |
- Solé-Navais, Pol, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide analyses of neonatal jaundice reveal a marked departure from adult bilirubin metabolism.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Jaundice affects almost all neonates in their first days of life and is caused by the accumulation of bilirubin. Although the core biochemistry of bilirubin metabolism is well understood, it is not clear why some neonates experience more severe jaundice and require treatment with phototherapy. Here, we present the first genome-wide association study of neonatal jaundice to date in nearly 30,000 parent-offspring trios from Norway (cases ≈ 2000). The alternate allele of a common missense variant affecting the sequence of UGT1A4 reduces the susceptibility to jaundice five-fold, which replicated in separate cohorts of neonates of African American and European ancestries. eQTL colocalization analyses indicate that the association may be driven by regulation of UGT1A1 in the intestines, but not in the liver. Our results reveal marked differences in the genetic variants involved in neonatal jaundice compared to those regulating bilirubin levels in adults, suggesting distinct genetic mechanisms for the same biological pathways.
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| 5. |
- Weinstein, John N., et al.
(författare)
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The cancer genome atlas pan-cancer analysis project
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 45:10, s. 1113-1120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network has profiled and analyzed large numbers of human tumors to discover molecular aberrations at the DNA, RNA, protein and epigenetic levels. The resulting rich data provide a major opportunity to develop an integrated picture of commonalities, differences and emergent themes across tumor lineages. The Pan-Cancer initiative compares the first 12 tumor types profiled by TCGA. Analysis of the molecular aberrations and their functional roles across tumor types will teach us how to extend therapies effective in one cancer type to others with a similar genomic profile. © 2013 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Zhao, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Digital predistortion of 75–110 GHz W-band frequency multiplier for fiber wireless short range access systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - : Optical Society of America. - 1094-4087. ; 19:26, s. 18-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a W-band fiber-wireless transmission system based on a nonlinear frequency multiplier for high-speed wireless short range access applications. By implementing a baseband digital signal predistortion scheme, intensive nonlinear distortions induced in a sextuple frequency multiplier can be effectively pre-compensated. Without using costly W-band components, a transmission system with 26km fiber and 4m wireless transmission operating at 99.6GHz is experimentally validated. Adjacent-channel power ratio (ACPR) improvements for IQ-modulated vector signals are guaranteed and transmission performances for fiber and wireless channels are studied. This W-band predistortion technique is a promising candidate for applications in high capacity wireless-fiber access systems.
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| 8. |
- Zhao, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental demonstration of 5-Gb/s polarization-multiplexed fiber-wireless MIMO systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: 2011 IEEE International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics - Jointly Held with the 2011 Asia-Pacific Microwave Photonics Conference, MWP/APMP 2011. - : IEEE. - 9781612847184 ; , s. 13-16
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We experimentally demonstrate a 5-Gb/s fiber-wireless transmission system combining optical polarization-division-multiplexing (PDM) and wireless multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) spatial multiplexing technologies. The optical-wireless channel throughput is enhanced by achieving a 4b/s/Hz spectral efficiency. Based on the implementation of constant modulus algorithm (CMA), the 2x2 MIMO wireless channel is characterized and adaptively equalized for signal demodulation. The performance of the CMA-based channel adaptation is studied and it is revealed that the algorithm is particularly advantageous to the MIMO wireless system due to the inter-channel delay insensitivity. The hybrid transmission performance of 26km fiber and up to 2m wireless MIMO is investigated.
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| 9. |
- Zhao, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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High accuracy microwave frequency measurement based on single-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator
- 2011
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Ingår i: Optics Express. - : Optical Society of America. - 1094-4087. ; 19:26, s. 681-686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel approach for broadband microwave frequency measurement by employing a single-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Based on bias manipulations of the modulator, conventional frequency-to-power mapping technique is developed by performing a two-stage frequency measurement cooperating with digital signal processing. In the experiment, 10GHz measurement range is guaranteed and the average uncertainty of estimated microwave frequency is 5.4MHz, which verifies the measurement accuracy is significantly improved by achieving an unprecedented 10(-3) relative error. This high accuracy frequency measurement technique is a promising candidate for high-speed electronic warfare and defense applications.
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| 10. |
- Zhao, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Ultra-Broadband Photonic Harmonic Mixer Based on Optical Comb Generation
- 2012
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Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - : IEEE. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 24:1, s. 16-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a novel photonic harmonic mixer operating at frequencies up to the millimeter-wave (MMW) band. By combining a broadband fiber-wireless signal with high-order harmonics of a fundamental local oscillator in an optical frequency comb generator, frequency down-conversion can be implemented without using a costly ultra-broadband photodiode. It is theoretically shown that the down-conversion efficiency and the bandwidth of the mixer is highly dependent on the optical modulation indices and the fundamental frequency of comb lines. Down-conversion of a W-band (75-110 GHz) fiber-wireless signal is experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, the error vector magnitude (EVM) performance of a multigigabit quadrature phase-shift-keying (QPSK) signal at 62.5-, 82.5-, and 102.5-GHz carrier frequencies is studied to evaluate the down-conversion efficiency. The proposed photonic harmonic mixer can be a candidate for applications in high capacity fiber-wireless communication systems.
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