| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
|
|
| 2. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
|
|
| 3. |
- Chen, Xiren, et al.
(författare)
-
Bi-Induced Electron Concentration Enhancement Being Responsible for Photoluminescence Blueshift and Broadening in InAs Films
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Physica Status Solidi (B): Basic Research. - : Wiley. - 1521-3951 .- 0370-1972. ; 256:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoluminescence (PL) study is conducted on InAs films molecular beam epitaxially grown on GaAs substrates with different Bi flux levels. A PL peak blueshift accompanied by linewidth broadening is found with the increase of Bi/As flux ratio, in contrast to the common Bi isoelectronic incorporation or surfactant effect. It is, with detailed lineshape analysis and the evidence of PL peak splitting in a magnetic filed, attributed to the electron concentration enhancement induced by Bi flux. The electron concentration in InAs film is evaluated, which is about 5-fold enhanced as Bi/As flux ratio rises up from 0 to 1x10(-3). The temperature dependence of the PL spectrum indicates that the carrier redistribution augments while the carrier-phonon Frohlich scattering weakens in InAs films with high Bi/As flux ratios. These findings reveal a novel Bi effect of electron concentration enhancement, and contribute to the basic knowledge of Bi in III-V semiconductors.
|
|
| 4. |
- Cheng, Hongfei, et al.
(författare)
-
Can digital transformation change a firm's green innovation strategy? Evidence from China's heavily polluting industries
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Heliyon. - : CELL PRESS. - 2405-8440. ; 10:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enterprises are facing the superimposed challenges of digitalization and greening. The shift from reactive green technology innovation (RGT) to proactive green technology innovation (PGT) has special significance for sustainable economic development. Which strategies will companies choose? Can digital transformation (DT) motivate companies to transform their green innovation strategies? Enterprises' green innovation strategy choices must be explained with regard to digitalization. The purpose of this paper is to reveal how digitalization affects the choice of green innovation strategies and to provide a realistic basis for the sustainable development of heavily polluting enterprises. We formulated a "DT -capability -strategy" theoretical framework incorporating external constraints and internal attitudes to empirically test the microdata of 505 heavily polluting enterprises. The results show that: (1) DT can shift the heavily polluting enterprises' green innovation strategies from RGT to PGT. Endogenous tests and robustness tests support this conclusion. (2) A mechanism test shows that environmental regulations cannot significantly regulate a green innovation strategy. Only a company's capabilities and attitudes can influence PGT but their effects on RGT are not statistically significant. (3) The influence of DT on green innovation strategies shows multi -dimensional heterogeneity in the digital infrastructure, scale, and innovation level of the enterprise. The conclusions provide implications for enterprises to integrate their digital and green behaviors.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Lin, Yuze, et al.
(författare)
-
Mapping Polymer Donors toward High-Efficiency Fullerene Free Organic Solar Cells
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 29:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Five polymer donors with distinct chemical structures and different electronic properties are surveyed in a planar and narrow-bandgap fused-ring electron acceptor (IDIC)-based organic solar cells, which exhibit power conversion efficiencies of up to 11%.
|
|
| 7. |
- Ma, Shuwen, et al.
(författare)
-
CD163 as a Potential Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer for Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Prognosis : A Swedish Study from Tissue Microarrays to Big Data Analyses
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI. - 2072-6694. ; 14:24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simple Summary: Through the analysis of tissue microarray (TMA) samples from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and bioinformatical analyses of public databases and our clinical dataset, this study identifies the different expressions of CD163 in various tissues, the presence of the receptor in TME, the interaction with other biological processes and a positive correlation between CD163 dysfunction and worse prognosis. Therefore, CD163 can be used as a new biomarker to predict patient prognosis.(1) Background: CD163, a specific macrophage receptor, affects the progression of malignant tumors. Unfortunately, the regulation and expression of CD163 are poorly understood. In this study, we determined the expressions of CD163 in TMA samples from CRC patients and combined them with patient data from several Swedish hospitals.(2) Methods: The expressions of CD163 in tissue samples from CRC patients were examined. After combining 472 CRC patients' gene expression and 438 CRC patients' clinical data with the TCGA database, 964 cases from the GEO database, and experimental expression data from 1247 Swedish CRC patients, we selected four genes (PCNA, LOX, BCL2, and CD163) and analyzed the tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) and CRC prognosis.(3) Results: Based on histopathological TMA analysis, CD163 was strongly expressed in the stroma of both normal and cancer tissues, and the expressions in normal and cancer cells varied from negative to strong. The results from public databases show decreased expression of CD163 in cancer tissue compared to normal mucosa (|log FC| > 1 and FDR < 0.01), and it is a negative prognostic factor for CRC patients (p-value < 0.05). Through tumor microenvironment (TME) analysis, we found a potential influence of CD163 on immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, the enrichment analysis indicated the possible interaction with other proteins and biological pathways.(4) Conclusions: CD163 is expressed differently in CRC tissue and is a negative prognostic factor. Its expression is associated with the TME and tumor purity of CRC. Considering all results, CD163 has the potential to be a predictive biomarker in the investigation of CRC.
|
|
| 8. |
- Malmström, Magnus, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
-
5G Positioning : A Machine Learning Approach
- 2019
-
Ingår i: 2019 16th Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communications (WPNC). - : IEEE. - 9781728120829 - 9781728120836
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In urban environments, cellular network-based positioning of user equipment (UE) is a challenging task, especially in frequently occurring non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. This paper investigates the use of two machine learning methods – neural networks and random forests – to estimate the position of UE in NLOS using best received reference signal beam power measurements. We evaluated the suggested positioning methods using data collected from a fifth-generation cellular network (5G) testbed provided by Ericsson. A statistical test to detect NLOS conditions with a probability of detection that is close to 90% is suggested. We show that knowledge of the antenna are crucial for accurate position estimation. In addition, our results show that even with a limited set of training data and one 5G transmission point, it is possible to position UE within 10 meters with 80% accuracy.
|
|
| 9. |
- Shao, Jun, et al.
(författare)
-
Photoluminescence probing of interface evolution with annealing in InGa(N)As/GaAs single quantum wells
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 118:16, s. 165305-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of thermal annealing on the interfaces of InGa(N)As/GaAs single quantum wells(SQWs) are investigated by excitation-, temperature-, and magnetic field-dependent photoluminescence(PL). The annealing at 750 °C results in more significant blueshift and narrowing to the PLpeak than that at 600 °C. Each of the PL spectra can be reproduced with two PL components: (i)the low-energy component (LE) keeps energetically unchanged, while the high-energy component(HE) moves up with excitation and shows at higher energy for the In0.375Ga0.625As/GaAs butcrosses over with the LE at a medium excitation power for the In0.375Ga0.625N0.012As0.988/GaAsSQWs. The HE is broader than the corresponding LE, the annealing at 750 °C narrows the LE andHE and shrinks their energetic separation; (ii) the PL components are excitonic, and the InGaNAsshows slightly enhanced excitonic effects relative to the InGaAs SQW; (iii) no typical S-shape evolutionof PL energy with temperature is detectable, and similar blueshift and narrowing are identifiedfor the same annealing. The phenomena are mainly from the interfacial processes. Annealingimproves the intralayer quality, enhances the interfacial In-Ga interdiffusion, and reduces the interfacialfluctuation. The interfacial interdiffusion does not change obviously by the small N contentand hence similar PL-component narrowing and blueshift are observed for the SQWs after a nominallyidentical annealing. Comparison with previous studies is made and the PL measurementsunder different conditions are shown to be effective for probing the interfacial evolution in QWs.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
