| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Qin, Haiying, et al.
(författare)
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Direct biofuel low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells
- 2011
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Ingår i: ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 4:4, s. 1273-1276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell system was developed to use bioethanol and glycerol as fuels directly. This system achieved a maximum power density of 215 mW cm(-2) by using glycerol at 580 degrees C and produced a great impact on sustainable energy and the environment.
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Xiaoyu, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring Laypeople's Engagement with AI Painting : A Preliminary Investigation into Human‐AI Collaboration
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology. - 2373-9231. ; 60:1, s. 1215-1217
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology have opened new avenues for artistic expression and creation, human-AI collaboration in creative activities has garnered increasing attention. Through semi-structured interviews with 15 participants, we investigate the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that motivate laypeople's engagement with AI painting, as well as challenges and concerns faced by users. Our findings reveal that laypeople engage with AI painting for emotional needs like entertainment, aesthetics, surprise, and curiosity, personal utilitarian needs such as self-expression and customization, and social interaction through sharing and communication. Despite the appeal of novelty and unpredictability they also encountered challenges related to technical and system functionality, personal and environmental factors, as well as concerns about algorithm bias, pornography misuse, employment risks, copyright disputes and ethical implications. Findings provide preliminary evidence of the potential and limitations of AI in democratizing creative activities, and offer implications for designing and developing of AI assistance tools.
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| 4. |
- Zhu, Bin, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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A new energy conversion technology joining electrochemical and physical principles
- 2012
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Ingår i: RSC Advances. - 2046-2069. ; 2:12, s. 5066-5070
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a new energy conversion technology joining electrochemical and physical principles. This technology can realize the fuel cell function but built on a different scientific principle. The device consists of a single component which is a homogenous mixture of ceria composite with semiconducting materials, e.g. LiNiCuZn-based oxides. The test devices with hydrogen and air operation delivered a power density of 760mWcm(-2) at 550 degrees C. The device has demonstrated a multi-fuel flexibility and direct alcohol and biogas operations have delivered 300-500 mW cm(-2) at the same temperature. Device physics reveal a key principle similar to solar cells realizing the function based on an effective separation of electronic and ionic conductions and phases within the single-component. The component material multi-functionalities: ion and semi-conductions and bi-catalysis to H-2 or alcohol (methanol and ethanol) and air (O-2) enable this device realized as a fuel cell.
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| 5. |
- Abbas, Ghazanfar, et al.
(författare)
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Study of CuNiZnGdCe-Nanocomposite Anode for Low Temperature SOFC
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 1941-4900 .- 1941-4919. ; 4:4, s. 389-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Composite electrodes of Cu0.16Ni0.27Zn0.37Ce0.16Gd0.04 (CNZGC) oxides have been successfully synthesized by solid state reaction method as anode material for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LTSOFC). These electrodes are characterized by XRD followed by sintering at various time periods and temperatures. Particle size of optimized composition was calculated 40-85 nm and sintered at 800 degrees C for 4 hours. Electrical conductivity of 4.14 S/cm was obtained at a temperature of 550 degrees C by the 4-prob DC method. The activation energy was calculated 4 x 10(-2) eV at 550 degrees C. Hydrogen was used as fuel and air as oxidant at anode and cathode sides respectively. I-V/I-P curves were obtained in the temperature range of 400-550 degrees C. The maximum power density was achieved for 570 mW/cm(2) at 550 degrees C.
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| 6. |
- Guo, Qinghua, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical study on thermally driven smoke flow characteristics in long tunnels under natural ventilation
- 2023
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Ingår i: International journal of thermal sciences. - : Elsevier Masson s.r.l.. - 1290-0729 .- 1778-4166. ; 192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper focuses on the flow structures and mass flow rates of thermally driven smoke flows induced by fires in long transportation tunnels under natural ventilation. The important influencing factors including heat release rate (HRR), tunnel width and height, are taken into consideration. The mechanism of the smoke flow movement is explored. The results show that for a fire in a long naturally ventilated transportation tunnel, there exists a critical point which is dependent on HRR and tunnel geometry. This critical point is defined as the location where the smoke layer thickness and the outgoing mass flow rate increase towards it and decrease after it. Further, it is found that the critical point moves farther away from the fire source in a wider or higher tunnel, while it lies closer to the fire source for a higher HRR. A correlation is proposed to estimate the location of the critical point. The outgoing mass flow rates along the tunnel are calculated using the two-layer flow model and well-mixed flow model of thermally driven flows, and the results indicate that these models produce satisfactory predictions of the mass flow rates if the vertical temperature profile is known. © 2023 The Authors
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| 7. |
- Guo, Qinghua, et al.
(författare)
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Study on spilled liquid from a continuous leakage in sloped tunnels
- 2022
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Ingår i: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0886-7798 .- 1878-4364. ; 120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study focuses on the behaviors of spilled liquid from a continuously leaked tank in sloped tunnels. Spillage width and area, which impact the potential heat release rates in case of fire, are investigated under different tunnel slopes and leakage flow rates by numerical simulations using interFoam based on the VOF method in the OpenFOAM toolbox following the validation. The simulation results show that the spillage width initially decreases rapidly and then slowly as the tunnel slope increases. Other parameters, including road surface roughness, physical properties of liquid and leakage source height, are also considered. Empirical models for predicting the spillage width and area are established considering both tunnel slope and leakage flow rate. The results may provide guidance for tunnel safety design and drainage system design affiliated with a tank leakage inside a tunnel. © 2021 The Author(s)
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| 8. |
- Guo, Qinghua, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical and numerical study on mass flow rates of smoke exhausted from short vertical shafts in naturally ventilated urban road tunnel fires
- 2021
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Ingår i: Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0886-7798 .- 1878-4364.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study focuses on the mass flow rate of the buoyancy-driven gases exhausted from the shaft in naturally ventilated urban road tunnel fires. Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations are performed. The model to predict the mass flow rate of the incoming smoke exhausted by the nearest shaft is developed by considering that the smoke is exhausted along the four sides of the shaft separately. Based on the heat balance between the incoming smoke exhausted and the total gas flow exhausted, the model to estimate the total mass flow rate exhausted from the shaft (both smoke and entrained air) is also established. Meanwhile, a series of numerical simulation in a naturally ventilated tunnel considering the heat release rate (HRR), the shaft height, shaft length and width, shaft location was carried out. The simulation results show that the shaft height has a limited contribution to the mass flow rate of the incoming smoke exhausted while a larger shaft cross-sectional area shows a favorable performance in exhausting the smoke. Further, the air entrainment into the shaft increases with both the shaft height and shaft cross-sectional area. Comparisons of the mass flow rates of the incoming smoke and the total mass flow rates exhausted between simple calculations and simulations are made, showing that the simple models perform well. Further, it is found that there exist two regimes for the total mass flow rate corresponding to different smoke modes in the shaft (complete plug-holing, plug-holing and without plug-holing), which is caused by the different driven forces in the shaft. The outcomes of this work could provide some guidance for the design of vertical shaft and smoke control in naturally ventilated tunnel in urban area.
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| 9. |
- Guo, Qinghua, et al.
(författare)
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Theoretical studies on buoyancy-driven ceiling jets of tunnel fires with natural ventilation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fire safety journal. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0379-7112 .- 1873-7226. ; 119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper presents a theoretical study on the ceiling jets induced by small fires in tunnels. The ceiling jet thickness, temperature rise and velocity are analyzed theoretically with Non-Boussinesq approximation. The study focuses on the radial and one-dimensional ceiling jets. Numerical solutions in the radial region and one-dimensional shooting region are obtained and new analytical solutions in the critical flow region are achieved. Analytical solutions indicate that the ceiling jet thickness increases with distance away from the fire source, which largely differs from the existing models implying that the ceiling jet thickness in the one-dimensional critical flow remains constant. Additionally, impacts of the air entrainment, friction and heat transfer on the ceiling jet are analyzed. It is found that in the radial and one-dimensional shooting flow regions, the air entrainment has a much more significant effect than the friction and heat transfer. However, in the one-dimensional critical flow region, the impact of air entrainment seems to be negligible and the flow is dominated by the friction and heat transfer. Further, validation of the present theory is made by comparing with previous theories, semi-empirical models, and experiments. The results show that the present theory provides a good prediction of the ceiling jet properties with natural ventilation for a small fire. © 2020 The Authors
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| 10. |
- Jing, Yifu, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and electrochemical performances of linicuzn oxides as anode and cathode catalyst for low temperature solid oxide fuel cell
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 1533-4880 .- 1533-4899. ; 12:6, s. 5102-5105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LTSOFC, 300-600 °C) is developed with advantages compared to conventional SOFC (800-1000 °C). The electrodes with good catalytic activity, high electronic and ionic conductivity are required to achieve high power output. In this work, a LiNiCuZn oxides as anode and cathode catalyst is prepared by slurry method. The structure and morphology of the prepared LiNiCuZn oxides are characterized by X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The LiNiCuZn oxides prepared by slurry method are nano Li 0.28Ni 0.72O, ZnO and CuO compound. The nano-crystallites are congregated to form ball-shape particles with diameter of 800-1000 nm. The LiNiCuZn oxides electrodes exhibits high ion conductivity and low polarization resistance to hydrogen oxidation reaction and oxygen reduction reaction at low temperature. The LTSOFC using the LiNiCuZn oxides electrodes demonstrates good cell performance of 1000 mW cm -2 when it operates at 470 °C. It is considered that nano-composite would be an effective way to develop catalyst for LTSOFC.
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