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- Sterner, Olov, et al.
(författare)
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Mutagens in larger fungi. I. Forty-eight species screened for mutagenic activity in the Salmonella/microsome assay
- 1982
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Ingår i: Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-1218. ; 101:4, s. 269-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Specimens of large fungi (mushrooms) were screened for mutagenic activity by the Salmonella/microsome assay, with strains TA98, TA2637 and TA100. Out of 48 species tested, 37 exhibited a significant but for the most part weak activity. The activity observed in the presence of S9 mix was typically between 0 and 50% of that without, and in no case was the activity increased in the presence of microsomal enzymes. Six metabolites reported to occur in some of the species included in this investigation were also tested. Significant mutagenic activity was found with isovelleral (5) from Lactarius sp., agaritine (3) from Agaricus bisporus and related sp. and β-nitraminoalanine (7) from Agaricus silvaticus. Isovelleral may be a major mutagen in some of the sharp-tasting and mutagenic Russulaceae sp. A. bisporus (cultivated specimen) was weakly mutagenic toward all three strains of S. typhimurium used, and agaritine was weakly active toward TA2637 alone. This implies that this fungus might contain other mutagenic material as well. β-Nitraminoalanine was not found in the particular collection of A. silvaticus tested here. The mutagenicity observed for the fungus in this work may therefore be due to other metabolites. Even though many species found to be mutagenic are used as food, it seems premature to make specific recommendations about eventual health risks. Further information is needed about the chemistry and toxicology of the active compounds as well as about the effects of various methods used in preparing mushrooms for food.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ebbehøj, Niels E, et al.
(författare)
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Outbreak of eczema and rhinitis in a group of office workers in Greenland.
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2242-3982. ; 74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disturbed indoor climate may in some cases be associated with illness. In the present paper, we report the results from a thorough investigation of office workers in Greenland, who developed skin and/or airway problems after moving into renewed offices.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Siemund, I., et al.
(författare)
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Penetration of aluminium salts through pig skin in vitro
- 2012
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873. ; 66:s2, s. 52-52
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Recently it was suggested to use aluminium chloride hexahydrate in petrolatum at 10% to detect aluminium contact allergy. Patch testing with aluminium chloride hexahydrate at 20% did not demonstrate a higher number of positive test reactions. It was speculated that the constricting effect of aluminium salts might impair skin penetration. Objectives: The purpose of the present study is to estimate the concentration of aluminium in various skin layers and in the recipient phase using different aluminium test preparations on pig skin in an in vitro diffusion cell system. Methods: Full-thickness (7sim; porcine ear skin was mounted in Franz-type diffusion cells. The diffusional area was 0.64 cm2 and recipient volume 4 ml. The dermal side was exposed to a recipient solution consisting of PBS (phosphate buffer saline, pH 7.4). Aluminium chloride hexahydrate preparations in petrolatum and in water at 10% were applied to the donor compartment facing the epidermis for 24 hr. All samples were analysed for total aluminium by atomic absorption spectrometry. The limit of detection was 0.01 μg/ml. Results: No aluminium could be detected in the recipient phase in the six diffusion cells. Conclusions: Neither aluminium in petrolatum nor in water gave detectable amounts of penetrating aluminium in 24 h. The lipophilicity of the vehicle was not decisive.
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| 6. |
- Young, Ewa, et al.
(författare)
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Twenty-eight-day follow-up of patch test reactions to p-phenylenediamine and p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride : A multicentre study on behalf of the European Environmental and Contact Dermatitis Research Group
- 2019
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 81:1, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is an ongoing discussion on whether routinely patch testing with p-phenylenediamine (PPD) 1.0% pet. is safe, owing to the risk of patch test sensitization. Late-appearing patch test reactions may reflect patch test sensitization, but may also be attributable to a low degree of pre-existing sensitization. Objectives: To follow the positive patch test reactions to PPD and its salt PPD dihydrochloride (PPD-DHC) in order to characterize reaction patterns concerning time and dose in PPD-sensitized individuals. Methods: Volunteers with previous reactions to PPD 1.0% were included and patch tested with PPD and PPD-DHC in equimolar dilution series. There were then seven follow-up visits over a period of 28 days. Results: Twenty-six volunteers completed the study, of whom 23 of 26 (88%) reacted to PPD 1.0%, and 69% reacted to PPD 0.32%. Altogether, 42% and 27% reacted to the corresponding equimolar concentrations of PPD-DHC. After day 7, no new reactions were observed to any concentration tested, either of PPD or of PPD-DHC. Conclusion: No late-appearing reactions to PPD or PPD-DHC were observed at any dose. There is a risk of missing contact allergy when the dose is decreased.
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