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- Wang, Fang, et al.
(författare)
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Numerical Reconstruction of Cyclist Impact Accidents : Can Helmets Protect the Head-Neck of Cyclists?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Biomimetics. - : MDPI AG. - 2313-7673. ; 8:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cyclists are vulnerable road users and often suffer head-neck injuries in car–cyclist accidents. Wearing a helmet is currently the most prevalent protection method against such injuries. Today, there is an ongoing debate about the ability of helmets to protect the cyclists’ head-neck from injury. In the current study, we numerically reconstructed five real-world car–cyclist impact accidents, incorporating previously developed finite element models of four cyclist helmets to evaluate their protective performances. We made comparative head-neck injury predictions for unhelmeted and helmeted cyclists. The results show that helmets could clearly lower the risk of severe (AIS 4+) brain injury and skull fracture, as assessed by the predicted head injury criterion (HIC), while a relatively limited decrease in AIS 4+ brain injury risk can be achieved in terms of the analysis of CSDM0.25. Assessment using the maximum principal strain (MPS0.98) and head impact power (HIP) criteria suggests that helmets could lower the risk of diffuse axonal injury and subdural hematoma of the cyclist. The helmet efficacy in neck protection depends on the impact scenario. Therefore, wearing a helmet does not seem to cause a significant neck injury risk level increase to the cyclist. Our work presents important insights into the helmet’s efficacy in protecting the head-neck of cyclists and motivates further optimization of protective equipment.
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| 2. |
- Wang, Fang, et al.
(författare)
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Research on Injury Prevention Effectiveness of Cyclist Helmet in Typical Road Cycling Accident Scenarios
- 2024
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Ingår i: Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao/Journal of Mechanical Engineering. - : Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society. - 0577-6686. ; 60:8, s. 256-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In intense and fast road cycling races, various accidents pose a great threat to cyclist safety. There is a lack of in-depth research on helmet performance and cyclist head injury in road cycling races. In this paper, based on collecting and summarizing the typical accident scenarios of road cycling races, models of road bicycle, anthropologic characteristics of cyclists and helmets are constructed with experimental and computational methods, and the head injury protection performance of helmets and cyclist's head injury response in typical accident scenarios are comprehensively analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the helmet can play a significant injury protection effect, but serious head injury may still occur in some scenarios; different helmets have significant differences in cyclist's head injury protection, and there is no direct correlation with the price. There are significant differences in the effectiveness of helmets for head injury protection among cyclists of different body sizes, with the 50th percentile adult men having the lowest peak kinematic response and injury risk, the 5th percentile adult women having the highest predicted values for all injury criteria, and at least 55% of female cyclists having a significant risk of skull fracture and severe brain injury. None of the accident boundary parameters examined in this study (accident speed, friction coefficient, and slope) had a significant effect on cyclist head injury in the accident scenarios; the Union cycliste Internationale stipulates that helmets may not be worn five kilometers from the end of the climb, while this study recommends cyclists wear safety helmets throughout the road cycling races. This study will provide a reference for the design of safety helmets for road cycling races, as well as data to support the improvement of road cycling race rules.
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