| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Lembrechts, Jonas J., et al.
(författare)
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SoilTemp : A global database of near-surface temperature
- 2020
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:11, s. 6616-6629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current analyses and predictions of spatially explicit patterns and processes in ecology most often rely on climate data interpolated from standardized weather stations. This interpolated climate data represents long-term average thermal conditions at coarse spatial resolutions only. Hence, many climate-forcing factors that operate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions are overlooked. This is particularly important in relation to effects of observation height (e.g. vegetation, snow and soil characteristics) and in habitats varying in their exposure to radiation, moisture and wind (e.g. topography, radiative forcing or cold-air pooling). Since organisms living close to the ground relate more strongly to these microclimatic conditions than to free-air temperatures, microclimatic ground and near-surface data are needed to provide realistic forecasts of the fate of such organisms under anthropogenic climate change, as well as of the functioning of the ecosystems they live in. To fill this critical gap, we highlight a call for temperature time series submissions to SoilTemp, a geospatial database initiative compiling soil and near-surface temperature data from all over the world. Currently, this database contains time series from 7,538 temperature sensors from 51 countries across all key biomes. The database will pave the way toward an improved global understanding of microclimate and bridge the gap between the available climate data and the climate at fine spatiotemporal resolutions relevant to most organisms and ecosystem processes.
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| 3. |
- Nijs, Jo, et al.
(författare)
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Nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic low back pain? : The low back pain phenotyping (BACPAP) consortium's international and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Lancet Rheumatology. - : Elsevier. - 2665-9913. ; 6:3, s. e178-e188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential to classify low back pain as being characterised by dominant nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic mechanisms is a clinically relevant issue. Preliminary evidence suggests that these low back pain phenotypes might respond differently to treatments; however, more research must be done before making specific recommendations. Accordingly, the low back pain phenotyping (BACPAP) consortium was established as a group of 36 clinicians and researchers from 13 countries (five continents) and 29 institutions, to apply a modified Nominal Group Technique methodology to develop international and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations to provide guidance for identifying the dominant pain phenotype in patients with low back pain, and potentially adapt pain management strategies. The BACPAP consortium's recommendations are also intended to provide direction for future clinical research by building on the established clinical criteria for neuropathic and nociplastic pain. The BACPAP consortium's consensus recommendations are a necessary early step in the process to determine if personalised pain medicine based on pain phenotypes is feasible for low back pain management. Therefore, these recommendations are not ready to be implemented in clinical practice until additional evidence is generated that is specific to these low back pain phenotypes.
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| 4. |
- Lembrechts, Jonas J., et al.
(författare)
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Global maps of soil temperature
- 2022
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Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 28:9, s. 3110-3144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0–5 and 5–15cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean=3.0±2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6±2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (−0.7±2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.
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| 5. |
- Fernandez-de-las-Penas, C., et al.
(författare)
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Phenotyping Post-COVID Pain as a Nociceptive, Neuropathic, or Nociplastic Pain Condition
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biomedicines. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-9059. ; 10:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pain after an acute Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) condition (post-COVID pain) is becoming a new healthcare emergency. Precision medicine refers to an evidence-based method of grouping patients based on their diagnostic/symptom presentation and then tailoring specific treatments accordingly. Evidence suggests that post-COVID pain can be categorized as nociceptive (i.e., pain attributable to the activation of the peripheral receptive terminals of primary afferent neurons in response to noxious chemical, mechanical, or thermal stimuli), neuropathic (i.e., pain associated with a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system and limited to a "neuroanatomically plausible" distribution of the system), nociplastic (i.e., pain arising from altered nociception despite no clear evidence of actual or threatened tissue damage causing the activation of peripheral nociceptors or evidence for disease or lesion of the somatosensory system causing the pain), or mixed type (when two pain phenotypes co-exist). Each of these pain phenotypes may require a different treatment approach to maximize treatment effectiveness. Accordingly, the ability to classify post-COVID pain patients into one of these phenotypes would likely be critical for producing successful treatment outcomes. The 2021 International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) clinical criteria and grading system provide a framework for classifying pain within a precision pain medicine approach. Here we present data supporting the possibility of grouping patients with post-COVID pain into pain phenotypes, using the 2021 IASP classification criteria, with a specific focus on nociplastic pain, which is probably the primary mechanism involved in post-COVID pain. Nociplastic pain, which is usually associated with comorbid symptomology (e.g., poor sleep quality, fatigue, cognitive-emotional disturbances, etc.) and is considered to be more difficult to treat than other pain types, may require a more nuanced multimodal treatment approach to achieve better treatment outcomes.
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| 6. |
- Bilterys, T., et al.
(författare)
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Predictors for physical activity and its change after active physical therapy in people with spinal pain and insomnia: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 1413-3555. ; 26:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In healthy people and people with nonspecific chronic spinal pain (nCSP) and/or insomnia, participation in physical activity on a regular basis has several physical and psychological health benefits. However, people with chronic conditions often tend to reduce physical activity participation which can lead to deconditioning over time. Currently, there are no known predictors for an (in)active lifestyle (before and after physical therapy treatment) in people with chronic spinal pain and comorbid insomnia. Objective: To examine predictors of pre-treatment moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and to examine determinants for a change in MVPA in response to 14-weeks of active physical therapy treatment in people with nonspecific chronic spinal pain (nCSP) and comorbid insomnia. Methods: Baseline data and post-treatment data were analyzed for 66 participants. A linear multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine which factors predict MVPA at baseline. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to identify determinants for change in MVPA in response to an active physical therapy treatment. Results: Physical fatigue (b = -0.9; 95%CI: -1.59, -0.15), less limitations in functioning as a result of emotional problems (b = 0.1; 95%CI: 0.03, 0.10), mental fatigue (b = -1.0; 95%CI: -1.67, -0.43), lower general sleep quality (b= 0.7; 95%CI: 0.22, 1.17), and body mass index (b = -0.5; 95%CI: -0.93, -0.16) were significant predictors of baseline MVPA. The regression model explained 33.3% of the total variance in baseline MVPA. The change of MVPA in response to the treatment ranged from a decrease of 17.5 to an increase of 16.6 hours per week. No determinants for change in MVPA after treatment could be identified. Conclusion: People with nCSP and comorbid insomnia are more likely to engage in MVPA if they report, at baseline, lower sleep quality, fewer limitations in functioning resulting from emotional problems, lower body mass index, as well as less physical and mental fatigue.
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| 7. |
- Coppieters, I., et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Serotonergic and Noradrenergic Descending Pathways on Performance-Based Cognitive Functioning at Rest and in Response to Exercise in People with Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinics and Practice. - 2039-7275. ; 13:3, s. 684-700
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- (1) Background: Dysregulation in serotonergic and noradrenergic systems may be implicated in the neurobiophysiological mechanisms underlying pain-related cognitive impairment in chronic whiplash-associated disorders (CWAD). This study aimed to unravel the role of serotonergic and noradrenergic descending pathways in cognitive functioning at rest and in response to exercise in people with CWAD. (2) Methods: 25 people with CWAD were included in this double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover study. Endogenous descending serotonergic and noradrenergic inhibitory mechanisms were modulated by using a single dose of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (Citalopram) or a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (Atomoxetine). Cognitive performance was studied at rest and in response to exercise (1) without medication intake; (2) after intake of Citalopram; and (3) after intake of Atomoxetine. (3) Results: After Atomoxetine intake, selective attention improved compared with the no medication day (p < 0.05). In contrast, a single dose of Citalopram had no significant effect on cognitive functioning at rest. When performing pairwise comparisons, improvements in selective attention were found after exercise for the no medication condition (p < 0.05). In contrast, after intake of Citalopram or Atomoxetine, selective and sustained attention worsened after exercise. (4) Conclusions: A single dose of Atomoxetine improved selective attention only in one Stroop condition, and a single dose of Citalopram had no effect on cognitive functioning at rest in people with CWAD. Only without medication intake did selective attention improve in response to exercise, whereas both centrally acting medications worsened cognitive performance in response to a submaximal aerobic exercise bout in people with CWAD.
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| 8. |
- de Zoete, R. M. J., et al.
(författare)
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Differential Structural Brain Changes Between Responders and Nonresponders After Physical Exercise Therapy for Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Pain. - 0749-8047. ; 39:6, s. 270-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives:Physical exercise therapy is effective for some people with chronic nonspecific neck pain but not for others. Differences in exercise-induced pain-modulatory responses are likely driven by brain changes. We investigated structural brain differences at baseline and changes after an exercise intervention. The primary aim was to investigate changes in structural brain characteristics after physical exercise therapy for people with chronic nonspecific neck pain. The secondary aims were to investigate (1) baseline differences in structural brain characteristics between responders and nonresponders to exercise therapy, and (2) differential brain changes after exercise therapy between responders and nonresponders. Materials and Methods:This was a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Twenty-four participants (18 females, mean age 39.7 y) with chronic nonspecific neck pain were included. Responders were selected as those with >= 20% improvement in Neck Disability Index. Structural magnetic resonance imaging was obtained before and after an 8-week physical exercise intervention delivered by a physiotherapist. Freesurfer cluster-wise analyses were performed and supplemented with an analysis of pain-specific brain regions of interest. Results:Various changes in grey matter volume and thickness were found after the intervention, for example, frontal cortex volume decreased (cluster-weighted P value = 0.0002, 95% CI: 0.0000-0.0004). We found numerous differences between responders and nonresponders, most notably, after the exercise intervention bilateral insular volume decreased in responders, but increased in nonresponders (cluster-weighted P value <= 0.0002). Discussion:The brain changes found in this study may underpin clinically observed differential effects between responders and nonresponders to exercise therapy for people with chronic neck pain. Identification of these changes is an important step toward personalized treatment approaches.
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| 9. |
- Fernandez-de-las-Penas, C., et al.
(författare)
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Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Nociceptive Condition Comorbid with Neuropathic or Nociplastic Pain
- 2023
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Ingår i: Life. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-1729. ; 13:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Myofascial pain syndrome is featured by the presence of myofascial trigger points (TrPs). Whether TrPs are primary or secondary phenomena or if they relate to central or peripheral nervous system disorders is controversial. Referred pain, a cardinal sign of TrPs, is a central phenomenon driven by peripheral input. In 2021, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) proposed a clinical criteria and grading system for classifying patients with pain on nociceptive, neuropathic, or nociplastic phenotypes. Myofascial TrP pain has been traditionally categorized as a nociceptive phenotype; however, increasing evidence supports that this condition could be present in patients with predominantly nociplastic pain, particularly when it is associated with an underlying medical condition. The clinical response of some therapeutic approaches for managing TrPs remains unclear. Accordingly, the ability to classify myofascial TrP pain into one of these phenotypes would likely be critical for producing more successful clinical treatment outcomes by a precision medicine approach. This consensus paper presents evidence supporting the possibility of subgrouping individuals with myofascial TrP pain into nociceptive, nociplastic, or mixed-type phenotype. It is concluded that myofascial pain caused by TrPs is primarily a nociceptive pain condition, is unlikely to be classified as neuropathic or nociplastic, but can be present in patients with predominantly neuropathic or nociplastic pain. In the latter cases, management of the predominant central pain problem should be a major treatment goal, but the peripheral drive from TrPs should not be ignored, since TrP treatment has been shown to reduce sensitization-associated symptomatology in nociplastic pain conditions, e.g., fibromyalgia.
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| 10. |
- Lenoir, D., et al.
(författare)
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Are Reports of Pain, Disability, Quality of Life, Psychological Factors, and Central Sensitization Related to Outcomes of Quantitative Sensory Testing in Patients Suffering From Chronic Whiplash Associated Disorders?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Pain. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0749-8047 .- 1536-5409. ; 38:3, s. 159-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chronic whiplash associated disorders (CWAD) are characterized by long-lasting symptoms of neck pain occurring after an acceleration-deceleration injury. Central sensitization (CS) has been suggested as the possible underlying mechanism for these symptoms, and is characterized by changes in the central nervous system. Besides CS, psychological factors are believed to play an important role in the experience of (chronic) pain. Objective: Investigating the relationships between self-reported pain, disability, quality of life, psychological factors, and symptoms of CS; and electrical-based quantitative sensory testing (QST) outcomes in CWAD patients. Secondly, to investigate the differences in QST between CWAD patients and pain-free controls. Methods: Seventy-two individuals with CWAD and 55 pain-free controls underwent electrical stimuli-based QST. Detection and pain thresholds (EPT), temporal summation (TS), and conditioned pain modulation were examined. Spearman correlation and linear mixed models analyses were performed to assess, respectively, the hypothesized associations and group differences in QST. Results: The Pain Catastrophizing magnification subscale correlated with the left wrist EPT (r=-0.332; P=0.004), and the Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale-20 with the left wrist (r=-0.325; P=0.005) and ankle (r=-0.330; P=0.005) EPT. TS at the ankle correlated with the CS inventory (r=0.303; P=0.010), Short Form 36 pain subscale (r=-0.325; P=0.005), and Illness Perception Questionnaire revised consequences subscale (r=0.325; P=0.005). EPTs left (P=0.011) and right wrist (P=0.023) were lower in the CWAD group, but conditioned pain modulation and TS did not differ between groups. Conclusion: QST outcomes relate to psychological constructs, rather than to self-reported pain intensity and distribution. Local hyperalgesia was found in individuals with CWAD, but no differences in endogenous pain facilitation nor inhibition.
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