| 1. |
- Chumak, A. V., et al.
(författare)
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Advances in Magnetics Roadmap on Spin-Wave Computing
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Magnetics. - 0018-9464. ; 58:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Magnonics addresses the physical properties of spin waves and utilizes them for data processing. Scalability down to atomic dimensions, operation in the GHz-to-THz frequency range, utilization of nonlinear and nonreciprocal phenomena, and compatibility with CMOS are just a few of many advantages offered by magnons. Although magnonics is still primarily positioned in the academic domain, the scientific and technological challenges of the field are being extensively investigated, and many proof-of-concept prototypes have already been realized in laboratories. This roadmap is a product of the collective work of many authors that covers versatile spin-wave computing approaches, conceptual building blocks, and underlying physical phenomena. In particular, the roadmap discusses the computation operations with Boolean digital data, unconventional approaches like neuromorphic computing, and the progress towards magnon-based quantum computing. The article is organized as a collection of sub-sections grouped into seven large thematic sections. Each sub-section is prepared by one or a group of authors and concludes with a brief description of current challenges and the outlook of further development for each research direction. Author
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| 2. |
- van Heumen, Céleste C M, et al.
(författare)
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Five-year survival of 3-unit fiber-reinforced composite fixed partial dentures in the anterior area
- 2009
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Ingår i: Dental Materials. - Copenhagen : Munksgaard. - 0109-5641 .- 1879-0097. ; 25:6, s. 820-827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of 3-unit anterior fixed partial dentures (FPDs) made of fiber-reinforced resin composite (FRC), and to identify design factors influencing the survival rate. Methods: 52 patients (26 females, 26 males) received 60 indirectly made FRC FPDs, using pre-impregnated unidirectional glass fibers, requiring manual wetting, as framework material. FPDs were surface (n = 48) or hybrid (n = 12) retained and mainly located in the upper jaw. Hybrid FPDs had a combination of retainers; i.e. crown at one and surface retention at the other abutment tooth. Surface FPDs were either purely adhesively retained (n = 29) or with additional mechanical retention (n = 19). Follow-up period was at minimum 5 years, with check-ups every 1–2 years. Six operators were involved, in three centers in the Netherlands, Finland and Sweden. Survival rates, including repairable defects of FPDs, and success rates were determined. Results: Kaplan–Meier survival rate at 5 years was 64% (SE 7%). For the level of success, values were 45% (SE 7%) and the estimated median survival time 58 (SE 10.1) months. For surface FPDs, additional mechanical retention did not improve survival significantly. There was a trend towards better survival of surface FPDs over hybrid FPDs, but differences were not significant. Main failure modes were fracture of the FPD and delamination of veneering composite. Significance: A success rate of 45% and a survival rate of 64% after 5 years was found. Fracture of the framework and delamination are the most prevalent failure modes, especially for surface FPDs.
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| 3. |
- van Heumen, Céleste C M, et al.
(författare)
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Five-year survival of 3-unit fiber-reinforced composite fixed partial dentures in the posterior area.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Dental Materials. - Copenhagen : Munksgaard. - 0109-5641 .- 1879-0097. ; 26:10, s. 954-960
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the long-term outcome of three-unit posterior fixed partial dentures (FPDs) made of fiber-reinforced resin composite (FRC), and to identify design factors influencing the survival rate. Methods: 77 patients (52 females, 25 males) received 96 indirectly made FRC FPDs, using pre-impregnated unidirectional glass-fibers, requiring manual wetting, as framework material. FPDs were surface (n = 31) inlay (n = 45) or hybrid (n = 20) retained and mainly located in the upper jaw. Hybrid FPDs consisted of a wing retainer at canine and an inlay retainer at distal abutment tooth. Surface FPDs consisted of uplay and wing combinations. Follow-up period was at minimum 4.5 years, with checkups at every 1–2 years. The study was carried out by six operators in three centers in the Netherlands, Finland and Sweden. Survival rates, including reparable defects of FPDs, and success rates were determined. Results: Kaplan–Meier survival rate at 5 years was 71.2% (SE 4.8%) for success and 77.5% (SE 4.4%) for survival. Differences were not significantly different. Main failure modes were delamination and fracture of the FPD. Only FPDs with surface retainers showed debonding. Conclusions: A success rate of 71% and a survival rate of 78% after 5 years was found. Survival rates of inlay, hybrid and surface retained FPDs did not significantly differ.
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| 4. |
- Emami, Nazanin, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of flow-composite on interfacial-chemistry and morphology of dentin/bonding
- 2008
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: to study the interfacial bond of self-etching primer to coronal and root dentin with and without the use of flow composite. Methods: morphology, structural characteristics and interaction at the interfaces were studied with Raman micro-spectroscopy and SEM. Coronal (superficial) dentin and root (deep) dentin were prepared from eight non-carious extracted premolars. Immediately after extraction, teeth were carefully cleaned and stored in chlorhexidine digluconate solution prior to preparation. Smear-layer was generated by wet grinding with 600 grit silicon carbide polishing paper for 10 s. A self etching primer Xeno III (Dentsply) was applied according to manufacturer instruction. Half of the specimens were covered with a thin layer of Tetric flow (Ivoclar Vivadent) prior to curing. A 1mm slice was cut of the mesial and distal surface of the teeth with a low speed diamond saw to uncover the interfacial margins and hybrid layer. A modified Nakabayashi method, using HCl and HNO3 followed by NaOCl, was used to show the penetration depth of the monomers. SEM images from 750 to 6000 magnification were collected from dentin/bonding interfaces. Raman spectrums were collected at 1µm intervals across the dentin/bonding interface and provided chemical information. Degree of demineralization as function of depth was calculated. Results: No difference in degree of demineralization was seen between coronal and root dentin. It was slightly lower by using a thin layer of flow prior to curing. The thickness of the dentin/bonding hybrid layer was less for samples with flow and its morphology of hybrid layer and interfacial structure was significantly different. Conclusion: Flow composite had an undesirable affect on the physical-chemistry structure of dentin bonding with a self etching primer. HL and bonding tags morphology was significantly different by using flow composite. No significant different were observed between root and coronal dentin interfaces.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Antibacterial effect of ozone on cariogenic bacterial species.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Dentistry. - Bristol : J. Wright & Sons. - 0300-5712 .- 1879-176X. ; 37:6, s. 449-453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of ozone on cariogenic bacterial species with and without the presence of saliva and a possible effect on the salivary proteins. Methods: Suspensions of Actinomyces naeslundii (ACTCC 12104T), Lactobacilli casei (N CTC 151) and Streptococcus mutans (NCTC 10449), in salt buffer or in saliva, were exposed to ozone gas delivered by the ozone generator Healozone™ 2130C. Aliquots of the suspensions were taken after 10, 30 and 60s ozone exposures and cultivated on agar plates. Initial number of bacteria per ml was 8.0×107 (SD 2.2×107) (A. naeslundii), 1.0×108 (SD 3.1×106) (L. casei) and 1.0×108 (SD 7.0×105) (S. mutans), respectively. The proteins were separated by SDS electrophoresis and visualized by silver staining. Results: In salt buffer 92%, 73% and 64% of the initial numbers of A. naeslundii, S. mutans and L. casei, respectively, were killed already after 10s ozone exposure, while approximately 99.9% of the bacteria were dead after a 60s exposure. After 10 and 30s, but not after 60s exposure to ozone, S. mutans and L. casei were less efficiently killed in saliva compared to the salt buffer. Various saliva proteins were degraded by ozone after a 60s exposure. Conclusions:The cariogenic species S. mutans, L. casei and A. naeslundii were almost eliminated following 60s of ozone treatment. This killing was reduced in the presence of saliva although increasing the ozone application time to 60s overcame these reductants in saliva. Detection of altered salivary proteins indicates that saliva components constitute additional targets for ozone.
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| 6. |
- Sjögren, G, et al.
(författare)
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A 5-year clinical evaluation of ceramic inlays (Cerec) cemented with a dual-cured or chemically cured resin composite luting agent.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 56:5, s. 263-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sixty-six class-II CAD/CAM-manufactured ceramic inlays (Cerec) were placed in 27 patients. Each patient received at least one inlay luted with a dual-cured resin composite and one inlay luted with a chemically cured resin composite. The inlays were examined 5 years after luting using the California Dental Association (CDA) criteria. Eighty-nine percent of the 66 inlays were rated 'satisfactory'. During the follow-up period replacement was required for 3 inlays because of inlay fractures (4.5%) and 1 inlay because of fracture of the tooth substance (1.5%). All those inlays were luted with the dual-cured resin composite luting agent. Of the remaining 62 inlays the CDA rating 'excellent' was given to 84% for color, 97% for surface, and 81% for anatomic form. 'Excellent' margin integrity was seen in 52% of the dual-cured resin composite luted inlays and in 61% of the chemically cured resin composite luted inlays. No statistically significant (P> 0.05) difference was observed between the two luting agents.
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| 7. |
- Yager, P. L., et al.
(författare)
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A carbon budget for the Amundsen Sea Polynya, Antarctica: Estimating net community production and export in a highly productive polar ecosystem
- 2016
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Ingår i: Elementa-Science of the Anthropocene. - : University of California Press. - 2325-1026. ; 4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polynyas, or recurring areas of seasonally open water surrounded by sea ice, are foci for energy and material transfer between the atmosphere and the polar ocean. They are also climate sensitive, with both sea ice extent and glacial melt influencing their productivity. The Amundsen Sea Polynya (ASP) is the greenest polynya in the Southern Ocean, with summertime chlorophyll a concentrations exceeding 20 mu g L-1. During the Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE) in austral summer 2010-11, we aimed to determine the fate of this high algal productivity. We collected water column profiles for total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and nutrients, particulate and dissolved organic matter, chlorophyll a, mesozoo-plankton, and microbial biomass to make a carbon budget for this ecosystem. We also measured primary and secondary production, community respiration rates, vertical particle flux and fecal pellet production and grazing. With observations arranged along a gradient of increasing integrated dissolved inorganic nitrogen drawdown (Delta DIN; 0.027-0.74 mol N m(-2)), changes in DIC in the upper water column (ranging from 0.2 to 4.7 mol C m(-2)) and gas exchange (0-1.7 mol C m(-2)) were combined to estimate early season net community production (sNCP; 0.2-5.9 mol C m(-2)) and then compared to organic matter inventories to estimate export. From a phytoplankton bloom dominated by Phaeocystis antarctica, a high fraction (up to similar to 60%) of sNCP was exported to sub-euphotic depths. Microbial respiration remineralized much of this export in the mid waters. Comparisons to short-term (2-3 days) drifting traps and a year-long moored sediment trap capturing the downward flux confirmed that a relatively high fraction (3-6%) of the export from similar to 100 m made it through the mid waters to depth. We discuss the climate-sensitive nature of these carbon fluxes, in light of the changing sea ice cover and melting ice sheets in the region.
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