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- Bales, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical and Sorption Storage – Results from IEA-SHC Task 32
- 2008
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Ingår i: Eurosun 2008. - Lisbon.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Six main groups have studied chemical and sorption storage within IEA-SHC Task 32 “advanced storage concepts for solar and low energy buildings”. Closed and open adsorption systems, two and three phase absorption as well as chemical storage have been studied. The main results of the work are: identification of potentially suitable materials for long term storage of solar heat and publication of material properties; development of new concepts of short and long term storage of solar heat to prototype stage with lab and field tests; development of models for simulation of chemical and sorption storage; simulation of three systems with long term chemical or sorption storage with the Task 32 boundary conditions; and support in the commercialisation of a chemical heat pump with short term thermal storage for solar heating and cooling applications. The main conclusion from the work is that there are a number of promising technologies and materials for seasonal storage of solar heat for single families but that a lot of research is required before it can be become practical and economical.
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| 4. |
- Bales, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Final Report of Subtask B “Chemical and Sorption Storage” : Report B7 of Subtask B
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report is the final report of a Subtask of the Task 32 “Advanced Storage Concepts for solar and low energy buildings” of the Solar Heating and Cooling Programme of the International Energy Agency. As a final report of a Subtask it has two aims: 1. it summarizes all the works conducted in the Subtask during the period of the Task (June 2003 – December 2007) highlighting some important results that the participants in the Subtask reached and it refers to all the detailed documents that have been produced by the Subtask and Task 32, 2. it presents some hints on the management of an IEA Subtask in order to improve future collaborative works within this framework In Subtask B, major achievements have been: 1. Identification of potentially suitable materials for long term storage of solar heat and publication of material properties. 2. Documentation of State of the Art in chemical and sorption storage in Task 32 Handbook. 3. Development of new concepts of short and long term storage of solar heat to prototype stage with lab and field tests. 4. Development of models for simulation of chemical and sorption storage. 5. Simulation of three systems with long term chemical or sorption storage with the Task 32 boundary conditions (reports for only two of these were completed). 6. Support in the commercialisation of a chemical heat pump with short term thermal storage for solar heating and cooling applications. 7. Input for the storage part of the strategic research agenda of the European Solar Thermal Technology Platform, further refining the compact heat storage R&D questions that should be tackled on an international level. IEA SHC – Task 32 – Advanced storage concepts
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- Bales, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Laboratory Tests of Chemical Reactions and Prototype Sorption Storage Units : Report B4 of Subtask B
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Five laboratory prototypes of thermochemical and sorption storage are described in this report as well as the material characterisation of a promising thermochemical reaction with MgSO4.7H2O. Measured results and projected heat storage densities for units of 70 and 1000 kWh storage for single family houses are reported. Four of the five prototypes are closed sorption units and act as thermally driven heat pumps. Two work with absorption: three phase absorption process, Thermo Chemical Accumulator (TCA) with Lithium Cloride/water, and two phase absorption with Sodium Hydroxide/water. Two work with adsorption, one with zeolite and the other with silica gel. The fifth prototype that is reported, Monosorp, uses an open adsorption process integrated into a standard ventilation system with heat recovery. The different technologies are at very different stages of development. The TCA technology is in the process of commercialisation by the Swedish company ClimateWell AB, and over 35 storage systems have been delivered, mostly in Spain. The other technologies are in the prototype stage with no companies intending to develop and market them. The Modestore store (silica gel /water) was developed in a European project, and the main company within the project (Sortech) is commercialising the technology as a heat pump with essentially no heat storage. The storage density for cold (based on total system volume), when compared to water, is more favourable than for heat. For the ClimateWell 10 commercial heat pump/store, the storage density for cold is 4.7 that of water whereas for heat it is only 1.2 times greater. This is due to the fact that the temperature range available for water storage for cold is much smaller (~10°C) than for heat (~60°C). For short term heat storage, none of the technologies have a significant advantage compared to water in terms of storage density. The energy density can only be slightly greater than that for water, mainly due to the space required for heat exchangers and other components. The best technology in this aspect is Monosorp, which has a density twice that of water. In addition all of the storage systems have irreversibilities in the processes themselves during charge and discharge. Most of this is due to the different temperature levels of charge/discharge and the related sensible energy between these. For longer term storage (1000 kWh) the energy density for the TCA technology and NaOH storage systems is nearly three times that of water, for Monosorp twice and for MgSO4.7H2O nearly. In addition, once the sensible heat from the solution has been lost (or at best recovered), the energy can be stored indefinitely, a significant advantage compared to water. In terms of material cost, all materials are expensive compared to water. However, NaOH, zeolite 4A and MgSO4.7H2O are significantly less expensive than the other materials reported, LiCl, silica gel and zeolite 13X. The cost for the whole storage system has not been estimated here. For the ClimateWell 10, the projected cost is ~8000€ for a heat pump system consisting of two units in parallel, with a total heat storage capacity of 70 kWh.
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- Bobbio, Emanuele, et al.
(författare)
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Incidental cardiac findings on somatostatin receptor PET/CT: What do they indicate and are they of clinical relevance?
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of nuclear cardiology : official publication of the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-6551. ; 29:3, s. 1159-1165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the case of a 47-year-old man with a history of recurrent episodes of frontal headache, fever, and chest discomfort as well as longstanding, difficult to treat arterial hypertension. Clinical work-up revealed the unexpected finding of an underlying pheochromocytoma as well as recent "silent" myocardial infarction. Our case highlights the importance of paying attention to incidental cardiac findings on somatostatin receptor positron emission tomography/computed tomography, as routinely performed in patients with clinically suspected neuroendocrine tumors. These incidental cardiac findings cannot only indicate a primary or secondary (metastatic) neuroendocrine tumor, but also areas of myocardial inflammation, as somatostatin receptors cannot only be found on the majority of neuroendocrine tumors, but also among other tissues on the surface of activated macrophages and lymphocytes. The detection of myocardial inflammation is of clinical importance and its underlying etiology should be evaluated to prompt eventual necessary treatment, as it is a potential driving force for cardiac remodeling and poor prognosis.
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| 7. |
- Fagman, Erika, et al.
(författare)
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18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis
- 2016
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1569-5794 .- 1573-0743. ; 32:4, s. 679-686
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent studies have shown promising results using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the diagnosis of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). However, previous studies did not include negative controls. The aim of this study was to compare 18F-FDG-uptake around prosthetic aortic valves in patients with and without PVE and to determine the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of PVE. 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations in patients with a prosthetic aortic valve performed 2008–2014 were retrieved. Eight patients with a final diagnosis of definite PVE were included in the analysis of the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT. Examinations performed on suspicion of malignancy in patients without PVE (n = 19) were used as negative controls. Visual and semi-quantitative analysis was performed. Maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in the valve area was measured and SUVratio was calculated by dividing valve SUVmax by SUVmax in the descending aorta. The sensitivity was 75 %, specificity 84 %, positive likelihood ratio [LR(+)] 4.8 and negative likelihood ratio [LR(-)] 0.3 on visual analysis. Both SUVmax and SUVratio were significantly higher in PVE patients [5.8 (IQR 3.5–6.5) and 2.4 (IQR 1.7–3.0)] compared to non-PVE patients [3.2 (IQR 2.8–3.8) and 1.5 (IQR 1.3–1.6)] (p<0.001). ROC-curve analysis of SUVratio yielded an area under the curve of 0.90 (95 % CI 0.74–1.0). 18F-FDG-uptake around non-infected aortic prosthetic valves was low. The level of 18F-FDG-uptake in the prosthetic valve area showed a good diagnostic performance in the diagnosis of PVE.
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- Gersen, Sander, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of H2S, So2 and NO2 in CO2 at pressures ranging from 1- 40 bar by using broadband absorption spectroscopy in the UV/VIS range
- 2014
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Ingår i: Energy Procedia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1876-6102. ; , s. 2570-2582
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a methodology to quantitatively measure H2S, So2 and NO2 fractions in gaseous CO2 by using broadband absorption spectroscopy at 1 and 40 bar. The mole fractions of binary- And 3-component mixtures of H2S, So2 and NO2 in CO2 with known fractions ranging from 35-250 ppm are successfully derived from the measured absorption spectra. The difference between the fitted and experimental mole fractions is less than 10% for all studied mixtures. The results successfully demonstrate that low fractions of H2S, So2 and NO2 in gaseous CO2 can be accurately measured at pipeline conditions by using broad band absorption spectroscopy.
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- Hagmarker, Linn, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of planar versus hybrid SPECT image methodology for bone marrow dosimetry during 177Lu-DOTATATE treatments reveals the obstacles with bone marrow metastases and cross-irradiation for the SPECT activity concentration quantification
- 2018
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Ingår i: 31st Annual Congress of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM’18). 13-17 October, Dusseldorf, Germany.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction. The aim of this study is to compare the recently developed planar image-based method for bone marrow dosimetry with a hybrid method using SPECT/CT imaging at 24 h.p.i. of 177Lu-DOTATATE. Predictive ability of the methods is compared by investigating correlations of determined absorbed bone marrow dose, with haematological toxicity during the course of four treatment cycles. The aim is also to investigate the activity distribution in the vertebral column, and how the hybrid methodology can be optimized. Methods and Materials. 45 patients with advanced neuroendocrine tumours treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in 2011-2016 (ILUMINET-study, EUDRACT nr 2011-etc) were included in this study. Absorbed bone marrow doses were calculated as the sum of the cross-doses from high-uptake organs and the remainder of the body, and the self-dose. Cross-doses were determined by time-activity curves created using planar images and a two-compartment method in the image platform PhONSAi. The self-dose was calculated using the time-activity concentration curve for the remainder of the body adjusted with the activity concentration determined in spheres placed in the vertebral bodies in SPECT-images. To improve recovery and reduce cross-irradiation of false counts in the SPECT-image, we utilized the Monte Carlo based reconstruction code SARec. Three activity concentrations were calculated to represent the activity concentration in the bone marrow; one mean (mean SPECT) and one median (median SPECT) activity concentration based on all visible vertebras and one where vertebras enclosing metastases were manually excluded (w/o Mets SPECT). Results. The planar method, the hybrid methods mean SPECT, median SPECT, and w/o Mets SPECT, yielded absorbed bone marrow doses after treatment cycle one at 0.19 (0.12-0.32), 0.35 (0.12-1.25), 0.29 (0.11-0.92) and 0.29 (0.15-0.81) Gy/7.4 GBq, respectively. A significant dose-response relationship was established after treatment cycle one between decreased platelet counts and absorbed bone marrow dose using the planar method (p=0.025, r=-0.16). With hybrid methods, a significant correlation was firstly found after treatment cycle two between absorbed dose and decreased platelet counts using median SPECT (p=0.018, r=-0.35). Conclusion. Early significant dose-response relationships were established. Despite using SARec-reconstructed SPECT-imaging for specific measurement of activity concentration in bone marrow cavities, the hybrid methods were not able to perform better than the planar method. The hybrid methods yielded higher absorbed bone marrow doses compared to the planar method as both bone metastases and cross-irradiation will influence the activity quantification. Further studies on minimizing influence of bone metastases and cross-irradiation are on-going.
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