| 1. |
- Almqvist, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
-
Heredity, pet ownership, and confounding control in a population-based birth cohort
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 0091-6749 .- 1097-6825. ; 111, s. 800-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The association between pet ownership in childhood and subsequent allergic disease is controversial. Bias related to selection of pet exposure has been suggested as a reason for contradictory study results.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate how pet exposure depends on family history of allergic disease, smoking, and socioeconomic factors in a prospective birth cohort.METHODS: Parents of 4089 two-month-old children answered a questionnaire that included detailed questions about family history of asthma (maternal, paternal, and sibling), rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome, pollen and pet allergy, smoking habits, parental occupation, and family pet ownership (cat and dog). Dust samples collected from the mothers' beds were analyzed for Fel d 1 and Can f 1 in a subgroup of the cohort.RESULTS: Cats were less frequently kept in families with parental asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, or pet or pollen allergy (3.5% to 5.8%) than in families without parental allergic disease (10.8% to 11.8%). Dogs were less common in families with (3.3%) than in families without (5.9%) parental atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome. Families with smoking mothers and those with low socioeconomic index kept cats and dogs more frequently. Cat allergen levels were lower in homes with than in homes without maternal pet allergy, and this tended to hold true even for homes without a cat. Cat ownership decreased from birth to 2 years of age, especially in families with parental history of allergic diseases.CONCLUSION: There seems to be a selection of pet exposure based on parental history of allergy, maternal smoking, and socioeconomic factors. This has to be taken into consideration in evaluations of risk associations between pet exposure and allergic disease in childhood.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ferrándiz, Rafael, 1953-
(författare)
-
Allergenic characterization of the domestic mite Dermatophagoides siboney
- 1997
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Allergic reactions to Pyroglyphid mites of the genus Dennatophagoides play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma and other atopic diseases. Dermatophagoides siboney was described in Cuba in 1982. D. pteronyssinus and D. siboney are the most frequent mites in house dust collected from the homes of Cuban asthmatics, i.e., 100 and 85%, respectively.The aims of the present studies were to investigate the prevalence of sensitization to D. siboney, Blomia tropicalis and other mite species in asthmatic patients from Cuba; to study the allergenic composition and to characterize the major allergens of D. siboney extracts; to investigate the crossreactivity between D. siboney and other mite allergens, and the relevance of patient selection for the determination of the biological activity of D. siboney and other domestic mites in the tropics.Dermatophagoides siboney was found to be an important sensitizing agent among asthmatics in Cuba. Sensitization to B. tropicalis, D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae and A. siro, was also common as studied by skin and specific IgE tests. A combination of SPT with D. siboney, D. pteronyssinus and B. tropicalis diagnosed sensitization to mites in almost all mite sensitive patients. Thirteen allergenic proteins were identified in D. siboney extracts. Three components, 25, 14 and 30 kD, which bound to specific IgE strongly and frequently, were purified by affinity chromatography using crossreacting monoclonal antibodies to group 1; 2 and 3 allergens and named Der s 1, Der s 2 and Der s 3, respectively. TheN-terminal sequences of these allergens showed higher homology with D. jarinae and D. microceras than with D. pteronyssinus. The homology between group 2 allergens was higher than that of group 1 and 3 allergens.A higher degree of crossreactivity was observed between allergens from D. siboney and D. farinae than betWeen D. siboney and D. pteronyssinus, B. tropicalis, A. siro, L. destructor or T. putrescentiae. Due to the crossreactivity, Cubans not exposed to D. farinae and Swedes not exposed to D. siboney and B. tropicalis, reacted to these mites. The individual allergens of D. siboney crossreacted more with those of D. farinae and D. microceras than with those of D. pteronyssinus. The 65, 62, 37 and 30 kD proteins, always inhibited by more than 50 % by the other mite species, were the main cause of the crossreactivity, The 80 kD protein was the less crossreactive allergen. Three MoAbs directed to Der s 1, one group crossreacting and two species specific, were produced. The crossreacting monoclonal antibody partly inhibited IgE binding to Der s 1 allergen. The results confmned the existence of crossreacting epitopes onDer s 1 but also indicate that this allergen has at least one species specific epitope.The degree of reactivity to different mites seemed to be more related to patient selection criteria and extract potency rather than to exposure to a specific species.Since D. siboney is common in dust from Cuban homes, it is probably present in other Caribbean countries and found to be an important sensitizer, it has been considered a potential candidate for the development of extracts for diagnosis and therapy of mite allergy. These studies contribute to the understanding of the characteristics of the allergens from this species and their relation to other mite allergens.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Källström, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Decreased frequency of intracellular IFN-gamma producing T cells in whole blood preparations from patients with atopic dermatitis.
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Experimental Dermatology. - : Wiley. - 0906-6705. ; 11:6, s. 556-563
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There have been contradictory reports on the shift in the T-cell cytokine expression pattern of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with atopic dermatitis (AD); more specifically the interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma profiles. The aim of this study was to shed further light on this contradiction by measuring the intracellular cytokines IL-4 and IFN-gamma by flow cytometry on unseparated whole blood to obtain results that, as accurately as possible, reflect the situation in circulating cells in vivo. The patient group including 64 patients with AD was compared with 18 nonatopic healthy adults. The results showed that the percentage of CD4+ T cells expressing IFN-gamma was significantly decreased (P <= 0.001), as well as the percentage expressing IL-4 (P < 0.05) in AD patients compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, in supernatants from whole blood samples stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin, production of IFN-gamma was significantly decreased, while IL-4 production remained unchanged in AD patients compared with healthy controls. We also investigated if there was a relationship between serum IgE level and Phadiatop®, a screening test for atopy, vs. the levels of IL-4 and IFN-gamma , but found no correlation with either. However, there was a significant correlation between disease severity and the level of total IgE (r = 0.67, P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results support the evidence for a decreased ability of peripheral CD4+ T cells to produce IFN-gamma among AD patients.
|
|
| 5. |
- Tjernberg, Ivar, et al.
(författare)
-
IgE reactivity to alpha-Gal in relation to Lyme borreliosis
- 2017
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1932-6203. ; 12:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background An association between tick bites, the development of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to galactose-alpha-1, 3-galactose (alpha-Gal) and red meat allergy has recently been reported. Here we wanted to elucidate the relation between tick exposure, IgE antibodies to alpha-Gal and Lyme borreliosis (LB). Methods In the highly LB endemic area of Kalmar County, Sweden, serum samples and health inquiries from 518 blood donors were included. All sera were investigated for multiple IgG antiBorrelia antibodies using a multiplex assay (recomBead, Mikrogen). In addition, three serially collected sera over a six month period from 148 patients with clinically defined erythema migrans (EM) were included. IgE antibodies against alpha-Gal were determined using ImmunoCAP (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Results In blood donors reporting previous LB (n = 124) IgE to alpha-Gal was found in 16%, while in donors denying previous LB but with multiple anti-Borrelia antibodies (n = 94; interpreted as asymptomatic LB) 10% were IgE alpha-Gal-positive. Finally, in donors without Borrelia antibodies denying previous LB (n = 300) 14% showed IgE to alpha-Gal. No significant difference in proportions among the groups were found. In EM patients, IgE to alpha-Gal was found in 32/148 (22%) at diagnosis, 31/148 (21%) after two-three months and 23/148 (16%) after six months. A significant reduction of proportion and level of IgE to alpha-Gal was found between the second and third sample (pamp;lt; 0.01). A positive IgE anti alpha-Gal was more common among men compared with women both in blood donors and in EM patients (p amp;lt;= 0.01). Conclusions IgE to alpha-Gal reactivity was common in a tick endemic area but showed no significant relation to previous LB. IgE anti-alpha-Gal reactivity in EM patients peaked within three months of diagnosis of EM, after which it waned indicating that recent tick exposure is of importance in alpha-Gal sensitization. Furthermore, IgE anti alpha-Gal was more common in men compared with women.
|
|
| 6. |
- Wickman, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
-
Detection of IgE Reactivity to a Handful of Allergen Molecules in Early Childhood Predicts Respiratory Allergy in Adolescence
- 2017
-
Ingår i: EBioMedicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-3964. ; 26, s. 91-99
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sensitization in early childhood may precede respiratory allergy in adolescence.Methods: IgE reactivity against 132 allergen molecules was evaluated using the MeDALL microarray in sera obtained from a random sample of 786 children at the age of 4, 8 and 16 years in a population based birth cohort (BAMSE). Symptoms were analyzed by questionnaire at ages 4, 8 and 16 years. Clinically and independent relevant allergen molecules accounting for ≥ 90% of IgE reactivities in sensitized individuals and at all time-points were identified as risk molecules and used to predict respiratory allergy. The data was replicated in the Manchester Asthma and Allergy Study (MAAS) birth cohort by studying IgE reactivity with the use of a commercial IgE microarray. Sera were obtained from children at the ages of 3, 5, 8 and 11 years (N = 248) and the outcome was studied at 11 years.Findings: In the BAMSE cohort 4 risk molecules could be identified, i.e.: Ara h 1 (peanut), Bet v 1 (birch), Fel d 1 (cat), Phl p 1 (grass). For MAAS the corresponding number of molecules was 5: Der p 1 (dust mite), Der f 2 (dust mite), Phl p 1 (grass), Phl p 5 (grass), Fel d 1 (cat). In BAMSE, early IgE reactivity to ≥ 3 of 4 allergen molecules at four years predicted incident and persistent asthma and/or rhinitis at 16 years (87% and 95%, respectively). The corresponding proportions in the MAAS cohort at 16 years were 100% and 100%, respectively, for IgE reactivity to ≥ 3 of 5 risk molecules.Interpretations: IgE reactivity to a few allergen molecules early in life identifies children with a high risk of asthma and/or rhinitis at 16 years. These findings will be of importance for developing preventive strategies for asthma and rhinitis in children.
|
|
