| 1. |
- Achterberg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
The search for muon neutrinos from northern hemisphere gamma-ray bursts with AMANDA
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 674:1, s. 357-370
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the results of the analysis of neutrino observations by the Antarctic Muon and Neutrino Detector Array (AMANDA) correlated with photon observations of more than 400 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the northern hemisphere from 1997 to 2003. During this time period, AMANDA's effective collection area for muon neutrinos was larger than that of any other existing detector. After the application of various selection criteria to our data, we expect similar to 1 neutrino event and <2 background events. Based on our observations of zero events during and immediately prior to the GRBs in the data set, we set the most stringent upper limit on muon neutrino emission correlated with GRBs. Assuming a Waxman-Bahcall spectrum and incorporating all systematic uncertainties, our flux upper limit has a normalization at 1 PeV of E-2 Phi(nu) <= 6.3 x 10(-9) GeV cm(-2) s(-1) sr(-1), with 90% of the events expected within the energy range of similar to 10 TeV to similar to 3 PeV. The impact of this limit on several theoretical models of GRBs is discussed, as well as the future potential for detection of GRBs by next-generation neutrino telescopes. Finally, we briefly describe several modifications to this analysis in order to apply it to other types of transient point sources.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Santesson, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Skin microvascular function in patients with type 1 diabetes: An observational study from the onset of diabetes
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Diabetes & vascular disease research. - : SAGE Publications. - 1752-8984 .- 1479-1641. ; 14:3, s. 191-199
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of disturbances in skin microcirculation in type 1 diabetes is not well characterised. We assessed skin microcirculation longitudinally from the onset of diabetes up to 29 years of duration to investigate when such disturbances start. Material and methods: Seventeen adult patients with type 1 diabetes participated. Skin microvascular function in digit IV of the left hand was investigated by laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF, arbitrary units [AU]). LDF was carried out at rest and following one-min arterial occlusion. Time to peak LDF (s) and percentage increase of LDF (post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia, PRH%) were determined. Retinopathy was assessed from fundus photographs or ophthalmoscopic recordings. Results: Skin microvascular function remained normal during the first five years. Compared with baseline and a non-diabetic reference group, time to peak LDF was prolonged after 7–9 years of diabetes ( p < 0.01). PRH% was lower than in the reference group after 7–9 years ( p < 0.01), and lower than baseline after 24–29 years of diabetes ( p < 0.05). All but one patient developed retinopathy and the first signs were found after 10 years of diabetes. Conclusions: Functional disturbances in total skin microcirculation were observed after seven years in patients with type 1 diabetes and preceded diabetic complications such as retinopathy.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Fernell, Elisabeth, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiology of infantile hydrocephalus in Sweden: a clinical follow-up study in children born at term.
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Neuropediatrics. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0174-304X .- 1439-1899. ; 19:3, s. 135-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The long-term outcome of infantile hydrocephalus (IH) in children born at term during a period of active shunt treatment was studied in a population-based survey. The series consisted of 68 children greater than or equal to 6 years old and born in 1967-78 in the south-western Swedish health care region. The clinical follow-up included neuro-paediatric assessment, Stott's test of motor impairment, the WISC test, CT and EEG analyses. Nineteen of the 68 children (28%) had cerebral palsy, 17 (25%) minor motor dysfunction and 32 (47%) no motor dysfunction; mental retardation was present in 26 (38%), 16 with an IQ 50-70 and 10 with IQ less than 50; 42 children (62%) had normal intelligence and epilepsy was found in 15 (22%). Compared with a non-shunted IH series from the 1950s, the survival of IH children had considerably increased. Of constituents characterizing the IH syndrome from the time prior to shunting, ataxia, divergent squint and the special "Cocktail-party behaviour" had significantly decreased, all of which conditions are highly related to chronic expansion of the ventricular system. The frequencies of other impairments such as mental retardation and epilepsy were fairly similar, reflecting the present increased survival of IH children with primarily non-IH-dependent brain damage. IH children with associated brain parenchymal defects had the poorest outcome, and those without had in general a much more favourable one. Thus the single most important factor for the outcome of IH was found to be the presence or absence of associated primary brain damage or maldevelopment.
|
|
| 9. |
- Fernell, Elisabeth, 1948, et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiology of infantile hydrocephalus in Sweden. Current aspects of the outcome in preterm infants.
- 1988
-
Ingår i: Neuropediatrics. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0174-304X .- 1439-1899. ; 19:3, s. 143-145
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The outcome in a population-based series of 61 Swedish preterm infants born in 1967-82 with infantile hydrocephalus (IH) was investigated. Sixteen (26%) died before the age of two years. The available information was updated when the 45 surviving children were at least four years and six months old. A structured follow-up examination was performed in the 13 children who had passed the age of six years. Among the 45 survivors, 47% had cerebral palsy, 51% mental retardation and 33% epilepsy. The overall outcome for preterm infants with IH was found to be poorer than that for fullterm ones. Prognostic factors correlating to a poor outcome were an obvious origin of IH (pre- or perinatal) and a gestational age of less than 28 weeks. It is concluded that handicapped IH children born very or extremely prematurely constitute a new, and to a large extent severely brain-damaged group that has entered the Swedish IH panorama since the end of the 1970s.
|
|
| 10. |
- Horneman, G., et al.
(författare)
-
Health-related quality of life of adolescents and young adults 10 years after serious traumatic brain injury
- 2005
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 28:3, s. 245-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a population-based group of young adults with serious traumatic brain injury (TBI) acquired 10 years earlier. In the time period 1987--1991, all 165 residents (<18 years of age) in the south-western health care region of Sweden who had suffered a serious TBI were followed up. Of these, 109 (67%) participated in this follow-up study, which was conducted using the 15-dimension (15D) HRQoL instrument. Their HRQoL was compared with that of 1,039 individuals drawn randomly from the National Population Register for the Finnish Health Care Survey 1995/1996 and matched for age and sex. Nine (mobility, vision, hearing, eating, speech, mental status, depression, distress and usual activities) of the 15 dimensions were significantly aberrant in the TBI group. This TBI group differed markedly from children with organ transplantation, as the transplantation children did not differ from a control group in terms of HRQoL. Compared with other groups of children with congenital or long-lasting conditions, the TBI group had more medical and mental problems.
|
|
