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- Israelsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in relation to gender
- 2017
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 114, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survivors in relation to gender.METHODS: This national register study consists of data from follow-up registration of IHCA survivors 3-6 months post cardiac arrest (CA) in Sweden. A questionnaire was sent to the survivors, including measurements of health status (EQ-5D-5L) and psychological distress (HADS).RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2015, 594 IHCA survivors were included in the study. The median values for EQ-5D-5L index and EQ VAS among survivors were 0.78 (q1-q3=0.67-0.86) and 70 (q1-q3=50-80) respectively. The values were significantly lower (p<0.001) in women compared to men. In addition, women reported more problems than men in all dimensions of EQ-5D-5L, except self-care. A majority of the respondents reported no problems with anxiety (85.4%) and/or symptoms of depression (87.0%). Women reported significantly more problems with anxiety (p<0.001) and symptoms of depression (p<0.001) compared to men. Gender was significantly associated with poorer health status and more psychological distress. No interaction effects for gender and age were found.CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of survivors reported acceptable health status and no psychological distress, a substantial proportion reported severe problems. Women reported worse health status and more psychological distress compared to men. Therefore, a higher proportion of women may be in need of support. Health care professionals should make efforts to identify health problems among survivors and offer individualised support when needed.
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- Ejlertsson, Göran, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Folkhälsa : några begreppsdefinitioner
- 2009
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Ingår i: Andersson, Ingemar & Ejlertsson, Göran (red.). Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144040097 ; , s. 17-30
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap : möten mellan ämnen
- 2009
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Folkhälsovetenskap är ett förhållandevis ungt ämne. Det har vuxit fram i samklang med en rad andra discipliner och behandlar olika aspekter av betydelse för befolkningens hälsa. Från att ha varit nästan obefintlig har folkhälsovetenskapen under några få decennier utvecklats till vad den är idag.Den här boken visar vilka relationer som finns mellan folkhälsovetenskap och andra ämnen. Med folkhälsovetenskap som bas görs i bokens olika kapitel kopplingar till biomedicin, vård- och omvårdnadsvetenskap, sociologi, statistik, epidemiologi, politik, psykologi, pedagogik, kultur, arbetsvetenskap, arbets- och miljömedicin, ekonomi och etik. Även en del definitioner tas upp, liksom en redovisning av folkhälsovetenskapens utveckling och möjliga framtid.Boken är skriven av specialister inom de respektive ämnena, som dessutom har bred kunskap inom folkhälsovetenskap. Till boken finns en webbplats med länkar och kompletteringar.Folkhälsa som tvärvetenskap är främst avsedd som en fördjupning i folkhälsovetenskap för dem som redan tillägnat sig grunderna. Den kan användas såväl i rent folkhälsovetenskapliga utbildningar som i andra utbildningar där hälsan är av betydelse. Blivande och färdiga folkhälsovetare, folkhälsopedagoger, sjuksköterskor, läkare, sjukgymnaster, arbetsterapeuter, lärare, samhällsvetare m.fl. bör i boken finna stimulans och kunskap som kan omsättas i praktiskt arbete för folkhälsan.
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- Ejlertsson, Göran, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Masterutbildning i hälsovetenskap : folkhälsovetenskap i ett integrerat ämnesområde
- 2009
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 86:1, s. 43-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2007 a master programme in (integrative) health sciences at Kristianstad University College was approved by the Swedish National Agency for Higher Education. The process to secure approval by the Swedish national Agency was extensive and complex. The programme aimed to combine scientific knowledge from various disciplines into a joined body of knowledge geared to both the national and international labour markets in public health, health care and social sectors. The development process incorporated keywords including "interdisciplinary" and "multiprofessional". New innovative working methods were used in this process. A broad engagement with intensive dialogues was developed among the personnel as well as to the surrounding community.
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- Sollerhed, Ann-Christin, 1954-
(författare)
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Young today - adult tomorrow! : studies on physical status, physical activity, attitudes, and self-perception in children and adolescents
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim was to gain knowledge of young people's physical status and physical activity, and to further the understanding of the role of school physical education in a salutogenic public health perspective. Two studies were performed in southern Sweden. Study 1 was performed in 1996 among 301 adolescents aged 16-19 in upper secondary school. It comprised three parts: a questionnaire, seven physical tests, anthropometrical measures and information on every student's grades. Study 2, with a longitudinal design and annual measurements, was performed in 2000-2003 (n=205- 275) among children aged 6-12 in two primary schools, one intervention school with expanded physical education lessons, and one norm school which followed the stipulated curricular time. The study comprised a questionnaire, eleven physical tests and anthropometrical measures. In Study 1, students in practical education for occupations such as industrial and building workers, mechanics, assistant nurses and hairdressers, all of which are occupations involving physical effort, had lower physical capacity than students in theoretical education among both boys and girls. A correlation was found between physical capacity and grades. An interrelation between Sense of Coherence (SOC) and attitudes to physical education was found, indicating that past experiences of physical activity and physical education could contribute to the development of SOC, and actual levels of SOC could influence the persistent attitudes to physical education and be important for lifelong physical activity. Study 2 showed high self perceived competence in physical education among children to be associated with high physical performance, male gender, low age, living with both parents, high self perceived physical fitness and enjoying physical education. Children who followed an expanded physical education programme during the three-year follow up showed positive changes in physical performance compared to children in the norm school. The number of children with increasing body mass index (BMI) rose in both schools, but a lower increase in BMI could be seen in the intervention school. In both Study 1 and 2, the highest physical capacity was found among children and adolescents who reported a high level of physical activity in leisure time. This thesis shows it is possible to achieve improvement in physical status among young people with an increase of physical education lessons in school. Differences in physical capacity between prospective blue-collar and white-collar workers already in adolescence during education emphasize the need for early interventions to increase physical activity and capacity in young people. Physical education in the school setting could be seen as an important arena for improving physical capacity, positive self-perceptions and positive attitudes to physical activity, which could be important for public health.
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- Johansson, Gunvi, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring oral health from a public health perspective
- 2008
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - Stockholm : Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 32:3, s. 125-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper aims to analyse measures of oral health-related quality of life (OHQOL) from a Public Health perspective. Twenty-two measures were analysed conceptually as to their mirroring of the Public Health principles: empowerment, participation, holism and equity. Elements of empowerment were found in connection with application of the measures. Participation was found in using lay opinions during development in 12 measures. All measures analysed had elements of a holistic approach so far that they were not wholly biological. Two measures captured positive health effects. Measures were available for all ages, various languages and populations, an element of equity. No measure was wholly compatible with Public Health. They were based on a utilitarian theory not in full accordance with modern health promotion. There is a need to develop measures that more obviously capture the positive aspects of health and health as a process, as well as the personal perspective of oral health.
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- Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Some lessons from Swedish midwives' experiences of approaching women smokers in antenatal care
- 2005
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - : Elsevier. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 21:4, s. 335-345
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: to describe the qualitatively different ways in which midwives make sense of how to approach women smokers. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: a more person-centred national project 'Smoke-free pregnancy' has been in progress in Sweden since 1992. Using a phenomenographic approach, 24 midwives who have been regularly working in antenatal care were interviewed about addressing smoking during pregnancy. FINDINGS: four different story types of how the midwives made sense of their experiences in addressing smoking in pregnancy were identified: 'avoiding', 'informing', 'friend-making', 'co-operating'. KEY CONCLUSION: the midwives' story types about how they approached women who smoke illustrated the difficulties of changing from being an expert who gives information and advice to being an expert on how to enable a woman in finding out why she smoked and how to stop smoking. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: health education about smoking that is built on co-operation and dialogue was seen by the midwives as a productive way of working. The starting point should be the lay perspective of a woman, which means that her thoughts about smoking cessation are given the space to grow while she talks.
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- Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Välfärdssektorns projektifiering : kortsiktiga lösning av långsiktiga problem
- 2009
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Ingår i: Kommunal ekonomi och politik. - 1402-8700. ; 13:4, s. 35-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we use two immigrant projects to identify similarities and consequences in order to discuss and analyse outwarding collaborative projects in human service organizations as a tool for change. The heavy use of projects in a slimmed public sector originates from projects’ contradictory promises of flexibility and effectiveness in the New Public Management context. Usually projects are used as a way to get more resources to long-term needs but are seldom implemented as planned in the regular organisation. Seemingly politicians, management and civil servants preferred are focusing on the positive side of projects as means to legitimate the organizations and to bring change by targeting and steering activities. However, they tend to overlook the negative consequences from projects. Citizens and participants experience frustration and distrust. The long-term development in organizations is scarce. Projects are seldom implemented meanwhile as the problems the projects were expected to target still are remaining or even are increasing.
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10. |
- Abrahamsson, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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A salutogenic perspective could be of practical relevance for the prevention of smoking amongst pregnant women
- 2002
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Ingår i: Midwifery. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 18:4, s. 323-331
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: to use empirical data to assess the theoretical relevance of using a salutogenic, instead of a pathogenic, perspective to prevent smoking during pregnancy. DESIGN: quantitative study, a questionnaire was completed during the first trimester of pregnancy and an interview was conducted after the baby was born. SETTING: a geographically defined area in the south-east of Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: all 395 women in the study area who were pregnant during the study period 1994-1995. FINDINGS: the women were categorised according to their smoking habits. A significant difference in the sense of coherence (SOC) score was shown between smoking and non-smoking women in indicators of bad health. Women who relapsed to smoking showed a lower level of SOC, particularly in the manageability component, than others. The SOC score was higher in the whole study group than in other comparable, non-pregnant populations. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: a salutogenic perspective could be used in antenatal care as a basis for encouraging pregnant women to stop smoking. This could enhance the SOC by making smoking more understandable for the woman, by discussing smoking as a way of coping, and by encouraging the woman's own capacity and motivation to stop smoking. Starting a dialogue about smoking from the woman's point of view could do this, with the midwife and the woman exploring together the woman's thoughts about the smoking problem.
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