| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Chatterjee, Bapi, 1982
(author)
-
Lock-free Concurrent Search
- 2017
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The contemporary computers typically consist of multiple computing cores with high compute power. Such computers make excellent concurrent asynchronous shared memory system. On the other hand, though many celebrated books on data structure and algorithm provide a comprehensive study of sequential search data structures, unfortunately, we do not have such a luxury if concurrency comes in the setting. The present dissertation aims to address this paucity. We describe novel lock-free algorithms for concurrent data structures that target a variety of search problems. (i) Point search (membership query, predecessor query, nearest neighbour query) for 1-dimensional data: Lock-free linked-list; lock-free internal and external binary search trees (BST). (ii) Range search for 1-dimensional data: A range search method for lock-free ordered set data structures - linked-list, skip-list and BST. (iii) Point search for multi-dimensional data: Lock-free kD-tree, specially, a generic method for nearest neighbour search. We prove that the presented algorithms are linearizable i.e. the concurrent data structure operations intuitively display their sequential behaviour to an observer of the concurrent system. The lock-freedom in the introduced algorithms guarantee overall progress in an asynchronous shared memory system. We present the amortized analysis of lock-free data structures to show their efficiency. Moreover, we provide sample implementations of the algorithms and test them over extensive micro-benchmarks. Our experiments demonstrate that the implementations are scalable and perform well when compared to related existing alternative implementations on common multi-core computers. Our focus is on propounding the generic methodologies for efficient lock-free concurrent search. In this direction, we present the notion of help-optimality, which captures the optimization of amortized step complexity of the operations. In addition to that, we explore the language-portable design of lock-free data structures that aims to simplify an implementation from programmer’s point of view. Finally, our techniques to implement lock-free linearizable range search and nearest neighbour search are independent of the underlying data structures and thus are adaptive to similar data structures.
|
|
| 3. |
- Wilhelmsson, Kenneth, 1976
(author)
-
Huvudansatser för parsningsmetoder. Om programutvecklingens förutsättningar i en svensk kontext
- 2016
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Syftet med denna text var att ge en inblick i området (syntaktisk) parsning. Tanken var att ge en bild av utvecklingen som var 1) fri från alltför tekniska detaljer, då området är programmeringstekniskt, och 2) beskriven ur ett svenskt perspektiv. Bakgrunden till valet av ämne till texten, som var tänkt att finnas med i antologin Text och kontext, var att parsning är relativt okänt för många personer verksamma inom närliggande områden, samtidigt som det är ett absolut nyckelbegrepp för den som ägnar sig åt datorlingvistik eller språkteknologi. Målet var alltså att ge en ganska allmän utifrånblick på några centrala sidor av utvecklingen, samtidigt som det tydligt är så att den som själv arbetat med utveckling kan ha starka åsikter och preferenser rörande metodval, något som i ärlighetens namn kanske inte heller denna text är lösgjord från. Hur ska det göras? Konsten att utveckla automatisk syntaxanalys av naturlig text kan läras ut från ett flertal perspektiv. Det kan t.ex. ske med fokus på användandet av en viss grammatikformalism, med fokus på beräkningssnabbhet, med fokus på entydiggörande av möjliga ambiguiteter. Tolkningsval kan göras med hjälp av antingen handskrivna regler eller inhämtad statistik. En sorts huvudtema i denna text är hur metoder för parsning på senare år uppvisar förändringar som kanske kan förklaras med att programmen har fått andra användningsområden och att metoderna har anpassats därefter (en annan tolkning är att flera senare system inte längre gör parsning i strikt mening). När detta tänkta ”kapitel” var färdigt fick det kommentaren att det inte var anpassat för antologins målgrupp. Det fick skrivas en annan kapiteltext, men det kom samtidigt ett förslag att publicera texten om parsning här som denna rapport.
|
|
| 4. |
- Wilhelmsson, Kenneth, 1976
(author)
-
Autentiska och artificiella frågor till svensk text Automatisk frågegenerering jämfört med användares frågor för informationsåtkomst : Authentic and artificial questions to Swedish text Automatically generated questions versus user-generated questions for information access
- 2015
-
Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Informationssökning mot ostrukturerade datakällor som fri text är ett av de områden där användargränssnitt med fri formulering i naturligt språk har tagits fram. I ett sådant, eventuellt AI-betonat, system kan några grundläggande svårigheter från användarperspektivet märkas. En sådan svårighet är att en användare inte känner till huruvida en fråga som hon avser att ställa egentligen kan besvaras av den aktuella texten. Denna svårighet, tillsammans med andra, som de kraftiga variationsmöjligheterna för formen för ett giltigt svar på en ställd fråga, riskerar att leda till att användarintrycken av systemtypen blir negativa. De moment som behöver ingå i ett sådant frågebaserat informationssystems funktionssätt måste på något sätt inbegripa en mappning av frågeled i frågan (t.ex. när) till den form och grammatisk funktion som svaret i texten måste ha (för frågan när normalt ett tidsadverbial). Bland annat denna iakttagelse inbjuder till användning av automatisk frågegenerering (question generation, QG). Frågegenerering innebär att frågor som en naturlig text besvarar initialt utvinns av ett program som samlar in dem i explicit form. Tanken för användning i informationssökning är att en användare i gränssnittet enbart ska kunna ställa just dessa frågor, vilka faktiskt besvaras av texten. Denna studie gäller just de frågor som ett automatiskt frågegenereringssystem för svenska kan, och genom vidare utveckling, skulle kunna generera för godtycklig digital svensk text. Även om mängden automatiskt genererade frågor och frågeformuleringar kan bli mycket stor, utrymmesmässigt många gånger större än ursprungstexten, så är det tydligt att den beskrivna metoden för frågegenerering för svenska inte kan och troligen inte heller kommer att kunna förmås att skapa alla de frågor och frågeformuleringar som en vanlig användare skulle anse att en viss text besvarar. Men hur väl fungerar då automatiskt genererade frågor i detta sammanhang? Denna uppsats kretsar kring en användarundersökning där undersökningsdeltagare har ombetts att formulera frågor som texter besvarar, och som anses vara relevanta frågor. Den resulterande samlingen frågor undersöktes och kategoriserades. Resultatet av undersökningens huvudfråga visar att bara 20-25 % av användarnas frågeformuleringar skulle kunna genereras direkt automatiskt med aktuell ansats – utan vissa informationstekniska förbättringar. Uppsatsen föreslår viss ny terminologi för detta outforskade område, bl.a. för att skilja mellan de olika grader av processkrav som generering av olika frågeslag från text kräver.
|
|
| 5. |
- Andersson, Birger, 1961-, et al.
(author)
-
Towards a formal definition of goal-oriented business process patterns
- 2005
-
In: Business Process Management Journal. - : Emerald Group Publishing. - 1463-7154 .- 1758-4116. ; 11:6, s. 650-662
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – Organizations of today are becoming ever more focused on their business processes. This has resulted in an increasing interest in using best practices for business process re-engineering. Two problems arise in connection to using best practices: how to find a best practice that suits particular purposes, and how to ensure that the process from the best practice has the same nature as the process under re-engineering. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The paper suggests using business process patterns, i.e. relatively high level business process models, for making near formal comparison of business processes. The paper analyzes widespread modeling techniques to find out which of them suits the task of building patterns for comparison. Based on this analysis, the state-flow modeling technique is chosen and first steps towards formal definition of business process patterns based on this technique are suggested. Findings – A pattern is defined based on the notions of state space, goal, as a surface in the state space, and valid movements towards the goal. A thinkable procedure of constructing patterns is demonstrated on two real-life examples. A hypothetical procedure for comparing process is suggested but it still needs to be verified in practice. Originality/value – The originality of the paper is the way the patterns are formulated and the underlying model, the state-flow view of processes, upon which the patterns are founded.
|
|
| 6. |
- Dodig-Crnkovic, Gordana, 1955
(author)
-
Cognitive Architectures Based on Natural Info-Computation
- 2022
-
In: Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics. - Cham : Springer. - 2192-6255 .- 2192-6263. ; , s. 3-13, s. 3-13
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- At the time when the first models of cognitive architectures have been proposed, some forty years ago, understanding of cognition, embodiment and evolution was substantially different from today’s. So was the state of the art of information physics, information chemistry, bioinformatics, neuroinformatics, computational neuroscience, complexity theory, self-organization, theory of evolution, as well as the basic concepts of information and computation. Novel developments support a constructive interdisciplinary framework for cognitive architectures based on natural morphological computing, where interactions between constituents at different levels of organization of matter-energy and their corresponding time-dependent dynamics, lead to complexification of agency and increased cognitive capacities of living organisms that unfold through evolution. Proposed info-computational framework for naturalizing cognition considers present updates (generalizations) of the concepts of information, computation, cognition, and evolution in order to attain an alignment with the current state of the art in corresponding research fields. Some important open questions are suggested for future research with implications for further development of cognitive and intelligent technologies.
|
|
| 7. |
- Johannesson, Paul, 1959-, et al.
(author)
-
Design principles for process modelling in enterprise application integration
- 2001
-
In: Information Systems. - : Elsevier Science. - 0306-4379 .- 1873-6076. ; 26:3, s. 165-184
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is a growing need for Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) technologies, which align the applications of an organisation to its business processes. Such technologies require an adequate methodological support so that well structured and easily understandable models can be constructed. In this paper, such a methodological support is proposed by introducing principles for the design, validation and presentation of process models and associated data models. By applying these principles, we obtain different views of the models, and thereby facilitate the use of common models for different stakeholders, e.g. business managers, designers and operators.
|
|
| 8. |
- Yun, Yixiao, 1987, et al.
(author)
-
Maximum-Likelihood Object Tracking from Multi-View Video by Combining Homography and Epipolar Constraints
- 2012
-
In: 6th ACM/IEEE Int'l Conf on Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC 12), Oct 30 - Nov.2, 2012, Hong Kong. - 9781450317726 ; , s. 6 pages-
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper addresses problem of object tracking in occlusion scenarios, where multiple uncalibrated cameras with overlapping fields of view are used. We propose a novel method where tracking is first done independently for each view and then tracking results are mapped between each pair of views to improve the tracking in individual views, under the assumptions that objects are not occluded in all views and move uprightly on a planar ground which may induce a homography relation between each pair of views. The tracking results are mapped by jointly exploiting the geometric constraints of homography, epipolar and vertical vanishing point. Main contributions of this paper include: (a) formulate a reference model of multi-view object appearance using region covariance for each view; (b) define a likelihood measure based on geodesics on a Riemannian manifold that is consistent with the destination view by mapping both the estimated positions and appearances of tracked object from other views; (c) locate object in each individual view based on maximum likelihood criterion from multi-view estimations of object position. Experiments have been conducted on videos from multiple uncalibrated cameras, where targets experience long-term partial or full occlusions. Comparison with two existing methods and performance evaluations are also made. Test results have shown effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of robustness against tracking drifts caused by occlusions.
|
|
| 9. |
-
Defining the 'D' in ICT4D: Graduate Papers on Development, Globalisation, and ICT
- 2009
-
Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- IPID – the International Network for Postgraduate students in ICT4D – arranged a course in the academic year 2008/2009 as a response to several requests from IPID members for an introduction to development theories and for guidance in how to define the ‘D’ in the expression ICT4D. The aim of the course “Development, Globalisation and ICT (Defining the ’D’ in ICT4D) – 7.5 ECTS” was thus to provide a sound foundation for advanced studies in ICT4D. The course was designed to provide insights into some of the most influential development theories. The selection was made on the basis of classical bodies of ideas with strong impact on recent notions of development. Devoted scholars from relevant fields were invited to lecture and comment on student papers. Postgraduate students from all over the world registered for the course. Video recording was used to provide access to the lectures for those who could not attend. In the event we have eleven completed papers, which are presented in this report.
|
|
| 10. |
- Eriksson, Darek M., et al.
(author)
-
A framework for the modelling of tempo-spatial enterprise
- 2007
-
In: International Journal of Applied Systemic Studies. - 1751-0589 .- 1751-0597. ; 1:3, s. 231-247
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A framework for the modelling of enterprise operations is presented, aiming at enabling a conception of enterprise operations in three explicitly aligned perspectives: its what, or morphology; its when, or temporal position; its where, or spatial position. It is derived from the precepts of a General Systems Theory and its General Process Theory. The practical and empirical benefit of this framework is indicated by a real-life case, a so-called 'Transatlantic Shopping Process', where the models constructed enable management of complexities emerging from enterprise operations.
|
|
| 11. |
- Perjons, Erik, 1959-, et al.
(author)
-
A Value and Model Driven Method for Patient Oriented KPI Design in Health Care
- 2011
-
In: Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies. - : Springer. - 9783642184710 ; , s. 123-137
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In all societies, large resources are spent on health care. However, service quality is still unsatisfactory in large parts of the health care sector. One reason for this state of affairs is the complexity of health care organisations, which make them difficult to govern. Furthermore, due to the high degree of specialisation, health care organisations often need to cooperate, which adds to the complexity. One possible way to improve the cooperation and management of health care organisations is the use of performance management, which is a management approach aiming at optimising the performance of an organisation. The main instrument in performance management is the use of Key Performance Indicators (KPI), which measure how well an organisation fulfills its goals. Designing effective KPIs is a complex and time consuming task that requires substantial efforts. Therefore, there is a need for methods that support organisations in designing KPIs. This paper proposes a value and model driven method for identifying patient oriented KPIs.
|
|
| 12. |
- Grünloh, Christiane, 1980-, et al.
(author)
-
"why do they need to check me?" patient participation through ehealth and the doctor-patient relationship : Qualitative study
- 2018
-
In: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : J M I R Publications, Inc.. - 1438-8871. ; 20:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Roles in the doctor-patient relationship are changing and patient participation in health care is increasingly emphasized. Electronic health (eHealth) services such as patient accessible electronic health records (PAEHRs) have been implemented to support patient participation. Little is known about practical use of PAEHR and its effect on roles of doctors and patients. Objective: This qualitative study aimed to investigate how physicians view the idea of patient participation, in particular in relation to the PAEHR system. Hereby, the paper aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of physicians' constructions of PAEHR, roles in the doctor-patient relationship, and levels and limits of involvement. Methods: A total of 12 semistructured interviews were conducted with physicians in different fields. Interviews were transcribed, translated, and a theoretically informed thematic analysis was performed. Results: Two important aspects were identified that are related to the doctor-patient relationship: roles and involvement. The physicians viewed their role as being the ones to take on the responsibility, determining treatment options, and to be someone who should be trusted. In relation to the patient's role, lack of skills (technical or regarding medical jargon), motives to read, and patients' characteristics were aspects identified in the interviews. Patients were often referred to as static entities disregarding their potential to develop skills and knowledge over time. Involvement captures aspects that support or hinder patients to take an active role in their care. Conclusions: Literature of at least two decades suggests an overall agreement that the paternalistic approach in health care is inappropriate, and a collaborative process with patients should be adopted. Although the physicians in this study stated that they, in principle, were in favor of patient participation, the analysis found little support in their descriptions of their daily practice that participation is actualized. As seen from the results, paternalistic practices are still present, even if professionals might not be aware of this. This can create a conflict between patients who strive to become more informed and their questions being interpreted as signs of critique and mistrust toward the physician. We thus believe that the full potential of PAEHRs is not reached yet and argue that the concept of patient empowerment is problematic as it triggers an interpretation of "power" in health care as a zero-sum, which is not helpful for the maintenance of the relationship between the actors. Patient involvement is often discussed merely in relation to decision making; however, this study emphasizes the need to include also sensemaking and learning activities. This would provide an alternative understanding of patients asking questions, not in terms of "monitoring the doctor" but to make sense of the situation.
|
|
| 13. |
- Kolkowska, Ella
(author)
-
A Value Perspective on Information System Security : Exploring IS security objectives, problems and value conflicts
- 2009
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The inability to understand the social aspects in IS security is pointed out as one of the biggest and most difficult problems in the IS security area. By applying a value perspective on IS security this thesis contributes to increased understanding of social aspects in relation to IS security and peoples’ security behaviours. The thesis especially contributes to the discussion concerning reasons for the lack of compliance with IS security rules and policies. The aim of the thesis is to create an understanding of the relationship between formal and informal aspects of IS security by understanding peoples’ behaviour and values in an organization. Formal aspects are related to routines, policies, and guidelines for how information should be handled, while informal aspects are related to people’s attitudes, values and behaviour. This thesis focuses on IS security values on formal and informal systems and also value conflicts between these two. Formal and informal values as well as value conflicts were studied and exemplified in a case study in an academic environment at three different departments. The study resulted in a list of formal and informal IS security objectives important at the different departments and a number of IS security problems caused by value conflicts. Values related to formal aspects of IS security were different at the different departments, while values identified at the informal level were similar at the different departments and related to business values. Different IS security problems and different value conflicts were identified at the different departments. The conclusion from the case study is that values related to what should be achieved with IS security were similar on the formal and informal level while value conflicts appear in relation to how IS security is implemented. Most of the identified value conflicts that caused IS security problems were related to conflicts between formal values such as: control, standardization, planning emphasized by persons responsible for IS security and informal values such as freedom, creativity and flexibility emphasized by users. Value conflicts lead to different IS security problems and ultimately to insufficient IS security. The main contributions from applying a value perspective in IS security are: a wider view of IS security objectives, a wider view of IS security problems and an understanding of the reasons for how problems might occur. Another aspect is the increased understanding of the rationalities behind implemented IS security strategies and IS security behaviours by identifying and analysing values and value conflicts in formal and informal systems.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Rexhepi, Hanife, 1984-, et al.
(author)
-
Cancer patients’ information seeking behavior related to online electronic healthcare records
- 2021
-
In: Health Informatics Journal. - : Sage Publications. - 1460-4582 .- 1741-2811. ; 27:3, s. 1-12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients’ online access to their EHR together with the rapid proliferation of medical information on the Internet has changed how patients use information to learn about their health. Patients’ tendency to turn to the Internet to find information about their health and care is well-documented. However, little is known about patients’ information seeking behavior when using online EHRs. By using information horizons as an analytical tool this paper aims to investigate the information behavior of cancer patients who have chosen to view their EHRs (readers) and to those who have not made that option (non-readers). Thirty interviews were conducted with patients. Based on information horizons, it seems that non-reading is associated with living in a narrower information world in comparison to readers. The findings do not suggest that the smallness would be a result of active avoidance of information, or that it would be counterproductive for the patients. The findings suggest, however, that EHRs would benefit from comprehensive linking to authoritative health information sources to help users to understand their contents. In parallel, healthcare professionals should be more aware of their personal role as a key source of health information to those who choose not to read their EHRs.
|
|
| 16. |
- Henkel, Martin, 1977-, et al.
(author)
-
E-Service Requirements from a Consumer-ProcessPerspective
- 2011
-
In: Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality. - : Springer. - 9783642141911 ; , s. 121-135
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- [Context and motivation] When designing e-services it is important that they fit smoothly into the service consumers’ business processes. If the e-services do not fit there is a risk that they will not be used by the consumers; the investment and effort to use the e-services might be too high. [Question/ problem] In this paper, we aim at describing an approach for analysing requirements on e-services from the service consumers’ perspective. [Principal ideas/result] The approach supports the identification and analysis of problems that e-services can cause in consumers’ business processes. The presented approach is also supporting identification of tentative solutions such as changes in the e-services, business processes, IT systems or legal regulations [Contribution] The approach contributes to the area of e-service requirements analysis by taking a consumer and process centric perspective. The approach is grounded in and illustrated by a case at the Swedish Tax Agency.
|
|
| 17. |
- Perjons, Erik, 1959-, et al.
(author)
-
Building and Exploiting a Business Process Model for Lobbying : Experience Report
- 2007
-
In: Communications of the IIMA. - : The International Information Management Association. - 1543-5970 .- 1941-6687. ; 7:3, s. 1-14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper describes a project in the domain of business process modeling that concerns loosely-structured business processes, i.e. processes for which it is difficult to establish an order of activities. The process in focus is the lobbying process, i.e. a process aimed at influencing decisions of others, e.g. politicians. The project was carried out at a non-profit interest organization, and the paper describes the project’s motivation, structure, methodology, results, and how the results were exploited, including a short description of an IT system built to support the lobbying process. As the commonly spread workflow technique is not particularly suitable for loosely-structured business processes, the project exploited an original state-flow technique for developing a model of the lobbying process. The state-flow technique is based on the state-oriented view on business processes that has been used as a foundation for building the support system. The paper reports a number of problems encountered during the introduction of the system into operational practice. These problems led to the needs of reducing the level of details initially introduced into the system; they will be reintroduced at the later stage when the users become more accustomed to work in the process-oriented manner. In the conclusion, the paper discusses success factors important for modeling projects, and pros and cons of the modeling method used, as well as a broader research context of which the work presented in the paper is a part.
|
|
| 18. |
- Memedi, Mevludin, 1983-, et al.
(author)
-
Automatic Spiral Analysis for Objective Assessment of Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease
- 2015
-
In: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 15:9, s. 23727-23744
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A challenge for the clinical management of advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients is the emergence of fluctuations in motor performance, which represents a significant source of disability during activities of daily living of the patients. There is a lack of objective measurement of treatment effects for in-clinic and at-home use that can provide an overview of the treatment response. The objective of this paper was to develop a method for objective quantification of advanced PD motor symptoms related to off episodes and peak dose dyskinesia, using spiral data gathered by a touch screen telemetry device. More specifically, the aim was to objectively characterize motor symptoms (bradykinesia and dyskinesia), to help in automating the process of visual interpretation of movement anomalies in spirals as rated by movement disorder specialists. Digitized upper limb movement data of 65 advanced PD patients and 10 healthy (HE) subjects were recorded as they performed spiral drawing tasks on a touch screen device in their home environment settings. Several spatiotemporal features were extracted from the time series and used as inputs to machine learning methods. The methods were validated against ratings on animated spirals scored by four movement disorder specialists who visually assessed a set of kinematic features and the motor symptom. The ability of the method to discriminate between PD patients and HE subjects and the test-retest reliability of the computed scores were also evaluated. Computed scores correlated well with mean visual ratings of individual kinematic features. The best performing classifier (Multilayer Perceptron) classified the motor symptom (bradykinesia or dyskinesia) with an accuracy of 84% and area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.86 in relation to visual classifications of the raters. In addition, the method provided high discriminating power when distinguishing between PD patients and HE subjects as well as had good test-retest reliability. This study demonstrated the potential of using digital spiral analysis for objective quantification of PD-specific and/or treatment-induced motor symptoms.
|
|
| 19. |
- Lu, Zhihan, et al.
(author)
-
Multimodal Hand and Foot Gesture Interaction for Handheld Devices
- 2014
-
In: ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMCCAP). - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 1551-6857 .- 1551-6865. ; 11:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a hand-and-foot-based multimodal interaction approach for handheld devices. Our method combines input modalities (i.e., hand and foot) and provides a coordinated output to both modalities along with audio and video. Human foot gesture is detected and tracked using contour-based template detection (CTD) and Tracking-Learning-Detection (TLD) algorithm. 3D foot pose is estimated from passive homography matrix of the camera. 3D stereoscopic and vibrotactile are used to enhance the immersive feeling. We developed a multimodal football game based on the multimodal approach as a proof-of-concept. We confirm our systems user satisfaction through a user study.
|
|
| 20. |
- Bergström, Gustav, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluating the layout quality of UML class diagrams using machine learning
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Systems and Software. - : Elsevier BV. - 0164-1212. ; 192
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- UML is the de facto standard notation for graphically representing software. UML diagrams are used in the analysis, construction, and maintenance of software systems. Mostly, UML diagrams capture an abstract view of a (piece of a) software system. A key purpose of UML diagrams is to share knowledge about the system among developers. The quality of the layout of UML diagrams plays a crucial role in their comprehension. In this paper, we present an automated method for evaluating the layout quality of UML class diagrams. We use machine learning based on features extracted from the class diagram images using image processing. Such an automated evaluator has several uses: (1) From an industrial perspective, this tool could be used for automated quality assurance for class diagrams (e.g., as part of a quality monitor integrated into a DevOps toolchain). For example, automated feedback can be generated once a UML diagram is checked in the project repository. (2) In an educational setting, the evaluator can grade the layout aspect of student assignments in courses on software modeling, analysis, and design. (3) In the field of algorithm design for graph layouts, our evaluator can assess the layouts generated by such algorithms. In this way, this evaluator opens up the road for using machine learning to learn good layouting algorithms. Approach.: We use machine learning techniques to build (linear) regression models based on features extracted from the class diagram images using image processing. As ground truth, we use a dataset of 600+ UML Class Diagrams for which experts manually label the quality of the layout. Contributions.: This paper makes the following contributions: (1) We show the feasibility of the automatic evaluation of the layout quality of UML class diagrams. (2) We analyze which features of UML class diagrams are most strongly related to the quality of their layout. (3) We evaluate the performance of our layout evaluator. (4) We offer a dataset of labeled UML class diagrams. In this dataset, we supply for every diagram the following information: (a) a manually established ground truth of the quality of the layout, (b) an automatically established value for the layout-quality of the diagram (produced by our classifier), and (c) the values of key features of the layout of the diagram (obtained by image processing). This dataset can be used for replication of our study and others to build on and improve on this work. Editor's note: Open Science material was validated by the Journal of Systems and Software Open Science Board.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Sutinen, Martti, et al.
(author)
-
Web-Based Analytical Decision Support System
- 2010
-
In: Proceedings of the 2010 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, ISDA'10. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781424481347 - 9781424481354 ; , s. 575-579
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a web-application supporting structured decision modelling and analysis. The application allows for decision modelling with respect to different preferences and views, allowing for numerically imprecise and vague background probabilities, values, and criteria weights, which further can be adjusted in an interactive fashion when considering calculated decision outcomes. The web-application is based on a decision tool that has been used in a large number of different domains over the last 15 years, ranging from investment decision analysis for companies to public decision support for local governments.
|
|
| 23. |
- Petersson, Jesper, 1974, et al.
(author)
-
Off the record: The invisibility work of doctors in a patient-accessible electronic health record information service.
- 2021
-
In: Sociology of health & illness. - : Wiley. - 1467-9566 .- 0141-9889. ; 43:5, s. 1270-1285
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article, we draw on Michael Lipsky's work on street-level bureaucrats and discretion to analyse a real case setting comprising an interview study of 30 Swedish doctors regarding their experiences of changes in clinical work following patients being given access to medical records information online. We introduce the notion of invisibility work to capture how doctors exercise discretion to preserve the invisibility of their work, in contrast to the well-established notion of invisible work, which denotes work made invisible by parties other than those performing it. We discuss three main forms of invisibility work in relation to records: omitting information, cryptic writing and parallel note writing. We argue that invisibility work is a way for doctors to resolve professional tensions arising from the political decision to provide patients with online access to record information. Although invisibility work is understood by doctors as a solution to government-initiated visibility, we highlight how it can create difficulties for doctors concerning accountability towards patients, peers and authorities.
|
|
| 24. |
- Homem, Irvin, 1985-
(author)
-
Advancing Automation in Digital Forensic Investigations
- 2018
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Digital Forensics is used to aid traditional preventive security mechanisms when they fail to curtail sophisticated and stealthy cybercrime events. The Digital Forensic Investigation process is largely manual in nature, or at best quasi-automated, requiring a highly skilled labour force and involving a sizeable time investment. Industry standard tools are evidence-centric, automate only a few precursory tasks (E.g. Parsing and Indexing) and have limited capabilities of integration from multiple evidence sources. Furthermore, these tools are always human-driven.These challenges are exacerbated in the increasingly computerized and highly networked environment of today. Volumes of digital evidence to be collected and analyzed have increased, and so has the diversity of digital evidence sources involved in a typical case. This further handicaps digital forensics practitioners, labs and law enforcement agencies, causing delays in investigations and legal systems due to backlogs of cases. Improved efficiency of the digital investigation process is needed, in terms of increasing the speed and reducing the human effort expended. This study aims at achieving this time and effort reduction, by advancing automation within the digital forensic investigation process.Using a Design Science research approach, artifacts are designed and developed to address these practical problems. Summarily, the requirements, and architecture of a system for automating digital investigations in highly networked environments are designed. The architecture initially focuses on automation of the identification and acquisition of digital evidence, while later versions focus on full automation and self-organization of devices for all phases of the digital investigation process. Part of the remote evidence acquisition capability of this system architecture is implemented as a proof of concept. The speed and reliability of capturing digital evidence from remote mobile devices over a client-server paradigm is evaluated. A method for the uniform representation and integration of multiple diverse evidence sources for enabling automated correlation, simple reasoning and querying is developed and tested. This method is aimed at automating the analysis phase of digital investigations. Machine Learning (ML)-based triage methods are developed and tested to evaluate the feasibility and performance of using such techniques to automate the identification of priority digital evidence fragments. Models from these ML methods are evaluated in identifying network protocols within DNS tunneled network traffic. A large dataset is also created for future research in ML-based triage for identifying suspicious processes for memory forensics.From an ex ante evaluation, the designed system architecture enables individual devices to participate in the entire digital investigation process, contributing their processing power towards alleviating the burden on the human analyst. Experiments show that remote evidence acquisition of mobile devices over networks is feasible, however a single-TCP-connection paradigm scales poorly. A proof of concept experiment demonstrates the viability of the automated integration, correlation and reasoning over multiple diverse evidence sources using semantic web technologies. Experimentation also shows that ML-based triage methods can enable prioritization of certain digital evidence sources, for acquisition or analysis, with up to 95% accuracy.The artifacts developed in this study provide concrete ways to enhance automation in the digital forensic investigation process to increase the investigation speed and reduce the amount of costly human intervention needed.
|
|
| 25. |
- Memedi, Mevludin, et al.
(author)
-
Validity and responsiveness of at-home touch-screen assessments in advanced Parkinson's disease
- 2015
-
In: IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2168-2194 .- 2168-2208. ; 19:6, s. 1829-1834
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate if a telemetry test battery can be used to measure effects of Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment intervention and disease progression in patients with fluctuations. Sixty-five patients diagnosed with advanced PD were recruited in an open longitudinal 36-month study; 35 treated with levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) and 30 were candidates for switching from oral PD treatment to LCIG. They utilized a test battery, consisting of self-assessments of symptoms and fine motor tests (tapping and spiral drawings), four times per day in their homes during week-long test periods. The repeated measurements were summarized into an overall test score (OTS) to represent the global condition of the patient during a test period. Clinical assessments included ratings on Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and 39-item PD Questionnaire (PDQ-39) scales. In LCIG-naïve patients, mean OTS compared to baseline was significantly improved from the first test period on LCIG treatment until month 24. In LCIG-non-naïve patients, there were no significant changes in mean OTS until month 36. The OTS correlated adequately with total UPDRS (rho = 0.59) and total PDQ-39 (0.59). Responsiveness measured as effect size was 0.696 and 0.536 for OTS and UPDRS respectively. The trends of the test scores were similar to the trends of clinical rating scores but dropout rate was high. Correlations between OTS and clinical rating scales were adequate indicating that the test battery contains important elements of the information of well-established scales. The responsiveness and reproducibility were better for OTS than for total UPDRS.
|
|
