| 1. |
- van der Oost, John, et al.
(författare)
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Bacillus subtilis cytochrome oxidase mutants: biochemical analysis and genetic evidence for two aa3-type oxidases
- 1991
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Ingår i: Molecular Microbiology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2958 .- 0950-382X. ; 5:8, s. 2063-2072
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ctaBCDEF genes coding for cytochrome c oxidase were found to reside adjacent to a regulatory gene ctaA at 127-degrees on the Bacillus subtilis chromosome. The structural genes for subunits I and II, ctaD and ctaC, were deleted by gene-replacement using a phleomycin-resistance marker. The mutant was unable to oxidize N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine and oxidized cytochrome c at a significantly lower rate. Absorption spectra of the mutant and wild-type membranes confirmed the presence of two haem A-containing enzymes in B. subtilis. Another mutant, with a spontaneous deletion upstream from ctaC, was found to express neither of these enzymes. Radioactive haem-labelling was used to identify subunit 11, which contains a haem C, and cytochrome c-550 among the membrane-bound c-type cytochromes of B. subtilis.
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| 2. |
- Axelson, H, et al.
(författare)
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A new variant 15; 16 translocation in mouse plasmacytoma leads to the juxtaposition of c-myc and immunoglobulin lambda
- 1991
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Ingår i: Oncogene. - 0950-9232. ; 6:12, s. 70-2263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mouse plasmacytomas (MPCs) induced by pristane oil, or by a combination of pristane oil and Abelson virus, carry one of two chromosomal translocations. The typical 12; 15 translocation leads to the juxtaposition of c-myc and immunoglobulin heavy-chain sequences, whereas the 6; 15 translocation links the kappa light-chain locus with the pvt-1 (plasmacytoma variant translocation) locus, located at least 75kb 3' of c-myc [Cory, S., Graham, M., Webb, E., Corcoran, L. & Adams, J. (1985). EMBO J., 4, 675-681]. Unlike the human Burkitt's lymphoma-associated translocation, the lambda/myc juxtaposed variant translocation has not been found previously in MPCs. Using unconventional MPC induction systems in which the tumor precursor cell was induced to proliferate in a secondary host, we have recently identified a 15; 16 translocation in six of the derived MPCs [Wiener, F., Silva, S., Sugiyama, H., Babonits, M. & Klein, G. (1990). Genes Chromosomes Cancer, 2, 36-43]. Chromosome 16 harbors the lambda light-chain gene. To explore whether the 15; 16 translocation represents the lambda/myc juxtaposition, we have mapped the breakpoints on chromosomes 15 and 16 by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The pvt-1 region was mapped to approximately 220 kb 3' of c-myc. The breakpoint on chromosome 15 in ABPC-Ch-163-10, one of the six 15; 16 translocation-carrying MPCs, was situated approximately 80 kb 3' of c-myc and 140 kb 5' of pvt-1b, the major breakpoint cluster region of the previously analysed 6; 15 variant MPCs. The breakpoint on chromosome 16 was found to cut between the V1 and C3 regions of the lambda locus. Co-migration experiments showed that the C3 and the myc gene were juxtaposed head to tail on the 15; 16 translocation chromosome. On the reciprocal product V1 was juxtaposed to pvt-1.
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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A population based screening of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA)
- 1991
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular Surgery. - 0950-821X. ; 5:1, s. 53-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in a defined population of elderly men and its correlation to some risk factors were studied in the population cohort "men born in 1914 from Malmo". A total of 499 were invited to attend and 375 (75%) did so. The aorta could be visualised with ultrasound in 364 patients, 39 (10.7%) of whom had aneurysmal changes. The presence of an AAA was related to the findings at a general health examination undertaken 5 years previously. Tobacco and alcohol consumption, impaired lung function and a history of angina pectoris were related to the presence of an AAA. No relationship was found between an AAA and hypertension, hyperlipidaemia or hyperglycaemia. A decreased tissue elasticity as a common denominator for the lung function impairment and development of AAA is discussed.
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| 4. |
- Hughes, Diarmaid, 1956-
(författare)
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Error-prone EF-Tu reduces in vivo enzyme activity and cellular growth rate
- 1991
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Ingår i: Molecular Microbiology. - 0950-382X .- 1365-2958. ; 5:3, s. 623-630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations in Salmonella typhimurium encoding error-prone EF-Tu (tufA8, tufB103) enhance translational error levels and also cause a reduced growth rate. The relative changes in error level and growth rate are inversely related and dependent on the status of the two tuf genes. Possible causes of the reduced growth rate were investigated. Several important parameters with the potential to alter growth rate (the EF-Tu-ribosome interaction, the in vivo elongation rate and the processivity of translation), are all relatively unaffected by the tuf mutations. The small reduction in processivity observed in some strains is not quantitatively related to the growth rate reduction. Instead, the error-enhancing mutations are associated with a large reduction in the specific activity of a test protein, β-galactosidase, suggesting by inference that the reduced growth rate is a consequence of the synthesis of error-containing proteins.
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| 5. |
- Lundgren, Birgit, et al.
(författare)
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Extruded wheat flour: Flavour and texture-comparison of evaluations by two laboratories
- 1991
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Ingår i: Food Quality and Preference. - 0950-3293 .- 1873-6343. ; 3:1, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intensities of flavour and texture attributes of 23 extruded wheat flour samples were evaluated by two laboratory panels in Sweden and in the UK. For most attributes good agreement between the two panels was obtained. Discrepancies were considered to be caused by inadequate definition of the terms. © 1992.
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| 6. |
- Andersson, Hanna, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Anchoring effect in judgments of objective fact and subjective preference
- 2021
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Ingår i: Food Quality and Preference. - : Elsevier. - 0950-3293 .- 1873-6343. ; 88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The way by which various sources of external information interact in their effects on judgment is rarely investigated. Here, we report two experiments that examine how two sources of external information—an anchor (a reference price) and an eco-label—influence judgments of an objective fact (product price) and a subjective preference (willingness-to-pay for the product). Participants’ price judgments were drawn in the direction of the anchor point, whereas the eco-label resulted in higher judgments of objective fact (Experiment 1) but did not influence subjective preference (Experiment 2). Interestingly, the eco-label seemed to strengthen the effect of the high anchor in judgments of objective fact. Further, participants with higher environmental concern answered a higher price on the subjective preference questions when they received a high anchor, as well as a lower price when they received a low anchor in comparison to the low environmental concern group. This study demonstrates that various external information sources can strengthen each other’s effects on consumer belief about products, while the effects are weaker for consumers’ preferences. The implications of the results for decision making are discussed.
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| 7. |
- Podraza-Farhanieh, Agnieszka, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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A proinsulin-dependent interaction between ENPL-1 and ASNA-1 in neurons is required to maintain insulin secretion in C. elegans.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Development (Cambridge, England). - : The Company of Biologists. - 1477-9129 .- 0950-1991. ; 150:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuropeptides, including insulin, are important regulators of physiological functions of the organisms. Trafficking through the Golgi is crucial for the regulation of secretion of insulin-like peptides. ASNA-1 (TRC40) and ENPL-1 (GRP94) are conserved insulin secretion regulators in Caenorhabditis elegans (and mammals), and mouse Grp94 mutants display type 2 diabetes. ENPL-1/GRP94 binds proinsulin and regulates proinsulin levels in C. elegans and mammalian cells. Here, we have found that ASNA-1 and ENPL-1 cooperate to regulate insulin secretion in worms via a physical interaction that is independent of the insulin-binding site of ENPL-1. The interaction occurs in DAF-28/insulin-expressing neurons and is sensitive to changes in DAF-28 pro-peptide levels. Consistently, ASNA-1 acted in neurons to promote DAF-28/insulin secretion. The chaperone form of ASNA-1 was likely the interaction partner of ENPL-1. Loss of asna-1 disrupted Golgi trafficking pathways. ASNA-1 localization to the Golgi was affected in enpl-1 mutants and ENPL-1 overexpression partially bypassed the ASNA-1 requirement. Taken together, we find a functional interaction between ENPL-1 and ASNA-1 that is necessary to maintain proper insulin secretion in C. elegans and provides insights into how their loss might cause diabetes in mammals.
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| 8. |
- Wang, Y. J., et al.
(författare)
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Cyclic AMP in oocytes controls meiotic prophase I and primordial folliculogenesis in the perinatal mouse ovary
- 2015
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Ingår i: Development. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 142:2, s. 343-351
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In mammalian ovaries, a fixed population of primordial follicles forms during the perinatal stage and the oocytes contained within are arrested at the dictyate stage of meiotic prophase I. In the current study, we provide evidence that the level of cyclic AMP ( cAMP) in oocytes regulates oocyte meiotic prophase I and primordial folliculogenesis in the perinatal mouse ovary. Our results show that the early meiotic development of oocytes is closely correlated with increased levels of intra-oocyte cAMP. Inhibiting cAMP synthesis in fetal ovaries delayed oocyte meiotic progression and inhibited the disassembly and degradation of synaptonemal complex protein 1. In addition, inhibiting cAMP synthesis in in vitro cultured fetal ovaries prevented primordial follicle formation. Finally, using an in situ oocyte chromosome analysis approach, we found that the dictyate arrest of oocytes is essential for primordial follicle formation under physiological conditions. Taken together, these results suggest a role for cAMP in early meiotic development and primordial follicle formation in the mouse ovary.
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| 9. |
- Wolfstetter, Georg, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of Drosophila Nidogen/entactin reveals roles in basement membrane stability, barrier function and nervous system patterning
- 2019
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Ingår i: Development. - : The Company of Biologists. - 0950-1991 .- 1477-9129. ; 146:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Basement membranes (BMs) are specialized layers of extracellular matrix (ECM) mainly composed of Laminin, type IV Collagen, Perlecan and Nidogen/entactin (NDG). Recent in vivo studies challenged the initially proposed role of NDG as a major ECM linker molecule by revealing dispensability for viability and BM formation. Here, we report the characterization of the single Ndg gene in Drosophila. Embryonic Ndg expression was primarily observed in mesodermal tissues and the chordotonal organs, whereas NDG protein localized to all BMs. Although loss of Laminin strongly affected BM localization of NDG, Ndg-null mutants exhibited no overt changes in the distribution of BM components. Although Drosophila Ndg mutants were viable, loss of NDGled to ultrastructural BM defects that compromised barrier function and stability in vivo. Moreover, loss of NDG impaired larval crawling behavior and reduced responses to vibrational stimuli. Further morphological analysis revealed accompanying defects in the larval peripheral nervous system, especially in the chordotonal organs and the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Taken together, our analysis suggests that NDG is not essential for BM assembly but mediates BM stability and ECM-dependent neural plasticity during Drosophila development.
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| 10. |
- Galozy, Alexander, 1991-, et al.
(författare)
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Information-gathering in latent bandits
- 2023
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Ingår i: Knowledge-Based Systems. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0950-7051 .- 1872-7409. ; 260
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the latent bandit problem, the learner has access to reward distributions and – for the non-stationary variant – transition models of the environment. The reward distributions are conditioned on the arm and unknown latent states. The goal is to use the reward history to identify the latent state, allowing for the optimal choice of arms in the future. The latent bandit setting lends itself to many practical applications, such as recommender and decision support systems, where rich data allows the offline estimation of environment models with online learning remaining a critical component. Previous solutions in this setting always choose the highest reward arm according to the agent’s beliefs about the state, not explicitly considering the value of information-gathering arms. Such information-gathering arms do not necessarily provide the highest reward, thus may never be chosen by an agent that chooses the highest reward arms at all times.In this paper, we present a method for information-gathering in latent bandits. Given particular reward structures and transition matrices, we show that choosing the best arm given the agent’s beliefs about the states incurs higher regret. Furthermore, we show that by choosing arms carefully, we obtain an improved estimation of the state distribution, and thus lower the cumulative regret through better arm choices in the future. Through theoretical analysis we show that the proposed method retains the sub-linear regret rate of previous methods while having much better problem dependent constants. We evaluate our method on both synthetic and real-world data sets, showing significant improvement in regret over state-of-the-art methods. © 2022 The Author(s).
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| 11. |
- Hansson, Josef, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Novel nanostructured thermal interface materials: a review
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Materials Reviews. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0950-6608 .- 1743-2804. ; 63:1, s. 22-45
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The trend of continuing miniaturisation of microelectronics leads to new thermal management challenges. A key point in the heat removal process development is to improve the heat conduction across interfaces through improved thermal interface materials (TIMs). We identify the key areas for state-of-the art TIM research and investigate the current state of the field together with possible future advances.
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| 12. |
- Henriksson, Jens, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Performance analysis of out-of-distribution detection on trained neural networks
- 2020
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Ingår i: Information and Software Technology. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0950-5849 .- 1873-6025.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have shown great promise in various domains, for example to support pattern recognition in medical imagery. However, DNNs need to be tested for robustness before being deployed in safety critical applications. One common challenge occurs when the model is exposed to data samples outside of the training data domain, which can yield to outputs with high confidence despite no prior knowledge of the given input. Objective: The aim of this paper is to investigate how the performance of detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples changes for outlier detection methods (e.g., supervisors) when DNNs become better on training samples. Method: Supervisors are components aiming at detecting out-of-distribution samples for a DNN. The experimental setup in this work compares the performance of supervisors using metrics and datasets that reflect the most common setups in related works. Four different DNNs with three different supervisors are compared during different stages of training, to detect at what point during training the performance of the supervisors begins to deteriorate. Results: Found that the outlier detection performance of the supervisors increased as the accuracy of the underlying DNN improved. However, all supervisors showed a large variation in performance, even for variations of network parameters that marginally changed the model accuracy. The results showed that understanding the relationship between training results and supervisor performance is crucial to improve a model's robustness. Conclusion: Analyzing DNNs for robustness is a challenging task. Results showed that variations in model parameters that have small variations on model predictions can have a large impact on the out-of-distribution detection performance. This kind of behavior needs to be addressed when DNNs are part of a safety critical application and hence, the necessary safety argumentation for such systems need be structured accordingly.
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| 13. |
- Wang, Shunfeng, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Co-utilization of quarry tailings and fly ash for non-sintered ultra-lightweight aggregates (ULWAs) by autoclave technology
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-0618. ; 346
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quarry tailings as solid waste with large output bring a heavy environmental and economic burden. The main objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of co-utilizing quarry tailings and fly ash (FA) as the main sources in preparing the lightweight aggregates (LWAs). The expand perlite powder (characterized with low density and high surface area) and two chemical foaming agents (ammonium carbonate and Al powder) was added to reduce the density of LWAs furtherly and fabricate a type of ultra-lightweight aggregates (ULWAs) through autoclave curing. In spite of the basic properties (compressive strength, 1 h of water absorption, loose bulk density and apparent particle density), the evolution of pore structures in relation to the type of foaming agents were also determined by combining scanning electron microscope (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The results show that increasing the expand perlite content could increases the compressive strength and water absorption, decreases the loose bulk density, apparent density and the total porosity. The pores wall gradually reduces with the increase of chemical foaming agents. Isolated pores will transform into connected pores, which also increase the most probable pore diameter and total porosity. The loose bulk density of specimens with 3 wt% (NH4)2CO3 and Al powder are 873 kg/m3 and 798 kg/m3 compared to blank (1132 kg/m3). This work lays a solid foundation for the design and preparation of ULWAs from solid wastes.
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| 14. |
- Wang, Shunfeng, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Resourceful utilization of quarry tailings in the preparation of non-sintered high-strength lightweight aggregates
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-0618. ; 334
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quarry tailings are usually stockpiled due to stable crystalline structures below 100 °C and abundant sources, which lead to a serious environmental impacts and high ecological risks. This paper presents a study of transforming the fly ash and quarry tailings as the main raw materials into lightweight aggregates (LWAs) for using in civil engineering. A novel curing regime (autoclave technology) has been proposed to obtain higher compressive strength of LWAs. The effects of curing parameters (including temperature and steam pressure) on the properties (compressive strength, water absorption, loose bulk density, phase composition, pore structure and microstructure) of LWAs were systematically evaluated. On the other hand, this research also studies the effect of cement content on the basic properties of LWAs, which was decreased from 30 to 10 wt% for declining the CO2 emission. Results show that the strength sharply increases from 2.48 to 11.95 MPa and the water absorption decreases from 11.2 to 2.09% with increasing the elevated curing temperature from 25 to 190 °C. The LWA prepared with 70 wt% solid wastes (fly ash and quarry tailings) at 190 °C achieved the highest strength (11.95 MPa) and the lower loose bulk density (1160 kg/m3), which could meet the requirement of Chinese LWAs standard (GB/T 17431.1-2010). The water absorption of LWAs is below 5% except sample T25. The total porosity of LWAs decreases from 39.65% to 26.32% at 150 °C and from 42.54% to 27.24% at 190 °C while the cement content increases form 10 wt% to 30 wt%. At the same time, the percentage of pores (>50 nm) also gradually decreases. While the curing temperature, pressure and cement usage are above 150 °C, 1.00 MPa and 10 wt% respectively, will promote the formation of new phase composition (analcime). That also further increases the strength and percentage of harmless pores and few harmful pores. Therefore, this research offers a new curing method for producing LWAs from 70 to 90 wt% solid waste and is a rapid and sustainable solution for the large-scale recycling of quarry tailings.
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| 15. |
- Wang, Shunfeng, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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The toxic leaching behavior of MSWI fly ash made green and non-sintered lightweight aggregates
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-0618. ; 373
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the rapid development of urbanization and the economy, the amount of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI fly ash) dramatically increases and stacks up. Declining the leaching concentration of hazardous heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash and enlarging the application range in wastewater and biosorption of non-sintered LWAs have always got more attention from more and more researchers. Green and non-sintered LWAs were prepared by using the waste solids (MSWI fly ash and coal fly ash) as raw materials through autoclave technology. In the meantime, the effect of severe leaching environment (pH = 1, 3, 5 and 7) on the stabilization of heavy metals in the LWAs with MSWI fly ash and extra heavy metals were systematically investigated by means of Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectra and Scanning electron microscope. The results revealed that the heavy metals are well immobilized in the LWA matrix through physical encapsulation and adsorption by hydration products (C-S-H). The leaching rate (LR) and cumulative leaching rate (CLR) of heavy metals, phase compositions and chemical structures in LWAs with heavy metals at pH of 1 are significantly changed, but the cumulative leaching rate of Pb2+ is lower than that of Zn2+ and Cu2+. The structure of hydration products in the matrix will be broken and reformed to gypsum under an acid environment (pH = 1). The leaching rate and cumulative leaching rate of heavy metals in LWAs with heavy metals under various leaching environments are much lower when the pH is above 1, which could meet the leaching requirement. This research could provide theoretical support for the application of non-sintered and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash based LWAs in concrete.
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| 16. |
- Mason, Elliot C., 1991-
(författare)
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Phillis Wheatley Peters’ fugitive poetics of freedom
- 2023
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Ingår i: Textual Practice. - : Routledge. - 0950-236X .- 1470-1308. ; 37:12, s. 1912-1931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The enslaved eighteenth-century poet Phillis Wheatley Peters has often beenunderstood as a mimetic mouthpiece for her white enslavers. Here, throughclose readings of her poetry and letters, I understand her work through thefugitive imaginings of freedom in contemporary Black studies scholarship,finding in her complex poetics textual catachresis and irony that elude theunderstanding of her audience. Through subtle references to an alternativeAfrican past, subsumed in the American regime of slavery and yet ongoing ina fugitive poetic imaginary, Wheatley Peters constructs a way out of herenslavement without reference to the future, but rather to the opening of analternative past. Living during the US Revolutionary War, in a period ofintense belief in the political establishment of an ideal future, WheatleyPeters’ability toflee into a catachrestic past constitutes a radical movementagainst the homogenising operation of America’s foundation. TracingWheatley Peters’ movements through Fred Moten, Saidiya Hartman, andAlexander Weheliye as pushing beyond the limitations of freedom astheorised by Jean-Luc Nancy, I define Wheatley Peters’ poetics as ‘freedom from Freedom’. This essay redefines the very beginning of Black Americanliterature through a poetic philosophy of freedom from Freedom.
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| 17. |
- Alhede, Andreas, 1996, et al.
(författare)
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A two-stage study of steel corrosion and internal cracking revealed by multimodal tomography
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - 0950-0618. ; 394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modeling of corrosion-induced cracking is limited by lacking knowledge on the behavior of corrosion products. In this work, the corrosion and cracking processes were experimentally investigated in 3D at two different stages. The processes were measured at micro-structural scale, applying nondestructive neutron and X-ray computed tomography in two scans at different stages in the corrosion process. A method to evaluate the average volumetric strain of the compressed corrosion layer was proposed and displacements in the concrete matrix were measured. Strain localization revealed cracks not directly visible in the images. Multimodal tomography demonstrated to be an effective method for investigating steel corrosion in reinforced concrete.
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| 18. |
- Deshmukh, Shradha, et al.
(författare)
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Explainable quantum clustering method to model medical data
- 2023
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Ingår i: Knowledge-Based Systems. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0950-7051 .- 1872-7409. ; 267, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medical experts are often skeptical of data-driven models due to the lack of their explainability. Several experimental studies commence with wide-ranging unsupervised learning and precisely with clustering to obtain existing patterns without prior knowledge of newly acquired data. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) increases the trust between virtual assistance by Machine Learning models and medical experts. Awareness about how data is analyzed and what factors are considered during the decision-making process can be confidently answered with the help of XAI. In this paper, we introduce an improved hybrid classical-quantum clustering (improved qk-means algorithm) approach with the additional explainable method. The proposed model uses learning strategies such as the Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations (LIME) method and improved quantum k-means (qk-means) algorithm to diagnose abnormal activities based on breast cancer images and Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) datasets to generate an explanation of the predictions. Compared with existing algorithms, the clustering accuracy of the generated clusters increases trust in the model-generated explanations. In practice, the experiment uses 600 breast cancer (BC) patient records with seven features and 510 knee MRI records with five features. The result shows that the improved hybrid approach outperforms the classical one in the BC and Knee MRI datasets. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
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| 19. |
- Guo, Xiaoyi, et al.
(författare)
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Subspace projection-based weighted echo state networks for predicting therapeutic peptides
- 2023
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Ingår i: Knowledge-Based Systems. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0950-7051 .- 1872-7409. ; 263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detection of therapeutic peptide is a major research direction in the current biopharmaceutical field. However, traditional biochemical experimental detection methods take a lot of time. As supplementary methods for biochemical experiments, the computational methods can improve the efficiency of therapeutic peptide detection. Currently, most machine learning-based therapeutic peptide identification algorithms do not consider the processing of noisy samples. We propose a therapeutic peptide classifier, called weighted echo state networks based on subspace projection (WESN-SP), which reduces the bias caused by high-dimensional noisy features and noisy samples. WESN-SP is trained by sparse Bayesian learning algorithm (SBL) and introduces a weight coefficient for each sample by kernel dependence maximization-based subspace projection. The experimental results show that WESN-SP has better performance than other existing methods. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 20. |
- Huang, Liming, 1993, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of calcination temperature on the structure and hydration of MgO
- 2020
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Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-0618. ; 262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of magnesium oxide-based cements and expansion agent closely relates to the reactivity of MgO. This paper systematically investigates the structure and hydration properties of MgO calcined from amorphous magnesite at a wide range of temperatures from 400 to 1150 ℃. XRD, SEM, BET and PSD tests were carried out to determine the structure and particle properties of MgO. The hydration reactivity of MgO was indexed with isothermal calorimeter, DTG, XRD and TEM test. Increasing temperature augments the crystallinity and size of MgO nanograins from about 23.85 nm to 86.37 nm, decreases the specific surface area but makes the particles agglomerate into smaller size. The increasing temperature prolongs the induction period and retards the hydration rate of main peak. The total cumulative heat from complete hydration of MgO is with a similar value of about 800 J/g. The hydration reactivity of MgO can be accurately indexed by its heat release. MgO calcined at 700 ℃ has high reactivity and it dissolves quickly leading to the precipitation of needle Mg(OH)2 initially. The needle brucite has poor crystallinity but it transforms into flake and clavate shape. MgO calcined at 1150 ℃ has very low dissolving rate. The dissolution starts from the (1 1 0) truncation at <1 0 0> edges, and then the cuts at (1 1 1) occur to create an octahedron shape. Some clavate brucite initially precipitates instead of needle brucite during the hydration of low reactive MgO.
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| 21. |
- Li, Ping, et al.
(författare)
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Sparse regularized joint projection model for identifying associations of non-coding RNAs and human diseases
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Knowledge-Based Systems. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0950-7051 .- 1872-7409. ; 258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current human biomedical research shows that human diseases are closely related to non-coding RNAs, so it is of great significance for human medicine to study the relationship between diseases and non-coding RNAs. Current research has found associations between non-coding RNAs and human diseases through a variety of effective methods, but most of the methods are complex and targeted at a single RNA or disease. Therefore, we urgently need an effective and simple method to discover the associations between non-coding RNAs and human diseases. In this paper, we propose a sparse regularized joint projection model (SRJP) to identify the associations between non-coding RNAs and diseases. First, we extract information through a series of ncRNA similarity matrices and disease similarity matrices and assign average weights to the similarity matrices of the two sides. Then we decompose the similarity matrices of the two spaces into low-rank matrices and put them into SRJP. In SRJP, we innovatively use the projection matrix to combine the ncRNA side and the disease side to identify the associations between ncRNAs and diseases. Finally, the regularization term in SRJP effectively improves the robustness and generalization ability of the model. We test our model on different datasets involving three types of ncRNAs: circRNA, microRNA and long non-coding RNA. The experimental results show that SRJP has superior ability to identify and predict the associations between ncRNAs and diseases. © 2022 The Author(s)
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| 22. |
- Li, Zhen, et al.
(författare)
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Using alumina-rich sludge and phosphogypsum manufactures low-CO 2 cement
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-0618. ; 288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Calcium sulfoaluminate-belite (CŜAB) cement has been proposed as a low-CO cement for substituting ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The aim of this work was to study synthesis of CŜAB cement from two industrial wastes, namely Alumina-rich sludge (AS) and phosphogypsum (PG). The main phases of the synthesized cement were ye'elimite, larnite, ternesite and anhydrite. The properties of CŜAB cement were investigated through the test of compressive strength, setting time and hydration products. We found that the optimal procedure was burning at 1150 °C for 1 h which needs much lower energy than traditional production. CŜAB cement could reach 39.4 MPa at 28 d hydration, when basicity factor, the ratio of aluminum to sulfur and aluminum to silicon ratio were 0.8, 2.5 and 3 respectively. Blending phosphogypsum into clinker, made paste get a much higher compressive strength (53.2 MPa at 28 d). Adding phosphogypsum to CŜAB cement hindered hydration process of cement and decreased hydration products except for ettringite. Production of this cement is beneficial to recycle industrial wastes and reduce CO emission. This is meaningful for further development of cement industry. 2 2
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| 23. |
- Liu, Dongyun, et al.
(författare)
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A review of concrete properties under the combined effect of fatigue and corrosion from a material perspective
- 2023
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Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier. - 0950-0618 .- 1879-0526. ; 369
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- When in use, reinforced concrete bridge structures not only experience high-frequency fatigue loading caused by passing vehicles, but also suffer from the effects of a corrosive environment. In addition to fatigue damage to reinforcement, long-term fatigue loading also causes concrete cracking and deterioration of pore structures, thereby accelerating the ingress of external corrosive substances and reducing concrete durability. Long-term exposure to a corrosive environment also reduces the performance of concrete and causes corrosion of reinforcement materials, affecting the fatigue performance of the structure. Therefore, there is a combined effect between fatigue loads and corrosion on concrete. This paper is a review of the current literature from a material perspective on the performance degradation of concrete under the combined action of fatigue loading and corrosion, that is, carbonation, chloride ion attack, freeze–thaw cycles, and sulphate attack. The paper includes (1) a description of a test method for examining the combined action of fatigue loading and corrosion, (2) a summary of performance degradation of concrete under the combined effect of fatigue loading and corrosion, and (3) an introduction to durability deterioration models considering fatigue damage, and fatigue models that can account for corrosion. Finally, potential future research on concrete under the combined effect of fatigue loading and corrosion is described.
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| 24. |
- Liu, Junkai, et al.
(författare)
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AMDGT : Attention aware multi-modal fusion using a dual graph transformer for drug–disease associations prediction
- 2024
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Ingår i: Knowledge-Based Systems. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0950-7051 .- 1872-7409. ; 284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identification of new indications for existing drugs is crucial through the various stages of drug discovery. Computational methods are valuable in establishing meaningful associations between drugs and diseases. However, most methods predict the drug–disease associations based solely on similarity data, neglecting valuable biological and chemical information. These methods often use basic concatenation to integrate information from different modalities, limiting their ability to capture features from a comprehensive and in-depth perspective. Therefore, a novel multimodal framework called AMDGT was proposed to predict new drug associations based on dual-graph transformer modules. By combining similarity data and complex biochemical information, AMDGT understands the multimodal feature fusion of drugs and diseases effectively and comprehensively with an attention-aware modality interaction architecture. Extensive experimental results indicate that AMDGT surpasses state-of-the-art methods in real-world datasets. Moreover, case and molecular docking studies demonstrated that AMDGT is an effective tool for drug repositioning. Our code is available at GitHub: https://github.com/JK-Liu7/AMDGT. © 2023 The Author(s)
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| 25. |
- Min, Xinzhe, et al.
(författare)
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A nonlinear prediction model of the debonding process of an FRP-concrete interface under fatigue loading
- 2023
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Ingår i: Construction and Building Materials. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0950-0618 .- 1879-0526. ; 369
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Externally bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) strengthening has been proven to be an efficient and reliable method for structural strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) members. However, the beneficial effects of this method can be diminished due to the debonding of the FRP laminates. The mechanism of FRP debonding still requires further research, especially for strengthened members under fatigue loading. To understand and predict the FRP fatigue debonding process better, eleven FRP-concrete joint specimens were tested under static or fatigue loading. Both the theoretical derivation and the experimental study indicated that the debonding growth rate of the FRP laminate depended not only on the mean level (), but also the amplitude () of the applied fatigue load. In addition, the debonded portion of the FRP laminate had a significant impact on the following debonding process due to the friction and mechanical interaction between the debonded FRP and the concrete surface. Therefore, a new nonlinear prediction model is proposed in this paper. The proposed model explicitly took into account the amplitude and the mean level of the fatigue loading, which enabled the effect of both to be modelled. Meanwhile, a correction term was also introduced into the model to account for the influence of the previously debonded FRP laminate. The predicted results of the debonding growth rate and the debonding length agreed well with the experimental results.
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