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1.	Alexanderson, Kristina, et al. (författare) Sickness absence with low-back, shoulder, or neck diagnoses: an 11-year follow-up regarding gender differences in sickness absence and disability pension. 2005 Ingår i: Work (Reading, Mass.). - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 25:2, s. 115-24 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: There is very little knowledge on the long-term outcomes of sickness absence. The aim was to investigate sickness absence and disability pensions over 11 years in a cohort of young persons initially long-term sick listed with back, neck, or shoulder diagnoses. METHOD: A prospective population-based cohort study of all 213 individuals in the Municipality of Linköping, Sweden, who in 1985 were aged 25-34 and had at least one new sick-leave spell > 28 days with such diagnoses. MAIN RESULTS: More women (61%) than men fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In 1996, 22% of the cohort (14% of the men, 26% of the women) had been granted disability pension; 76% of these individuals with musculoskeletal and the rest with psychiatric diagnoses. Partial disability pension was granted to 59% of the women, 17% of the men. Women were more often granted temporary disability pension than men. CONCLUSIONS: This proved to be a high-risk group for disability pension. There were large and somewhat unexpected gender differences regarding incidence and type of disability pension. It has been debated how soon physicians should be concerned about the risk of long-term disability regarding these diagnoses; at four or eight weeks of sickness absence - our results support the former, at least for women.
2.	Borg, Karin, et al. (författare) Prediction of future low levels of sickness absence among young persons sick listed with back, neck, or shoulder diagnoses. 2004 Ingår i: Work (Reading, Mass.). - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 23:2, s. 159-67 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In recent years sickness absence has increased in most Western countries. Risk factors for sickness absence and disability pension have been emphasised in studies, while focus on factors predicting low sickness absence is very rare. This paper is an attempt to apply such a perspective in an 11-year prospective cohort study of young persons n = 213) who in 1985 were sick listed > or = 28 days with back, neck, or shoulder diagnoses. Having had no sick-leave spells > 14 days in 1992-1996 was used as the outcome measure. Sixty-nine persons (34%) had no such spells, with an unexpected similar proportion of men and women. Data on prior sick leave and demographic variables were analysed using univariate and multiple logistic regression. Factors that predicted low sickness absence were having prior low sickness absence, being a white-collar worker, and being married. We concluded that individuals with a history of low sickness absence have an increased odds for remaining in the work force after a single long sick-leave spell, and might need less attention in rehabilitation compared to persons with a history of high sickness absence. Focusing on low sickness absence led to different results than those discussed in previous studies on risk factors for disability pension.
3.	Abeysekera, John, et al. (författare) The demands and benefits of ergonomics in Sri Lankan apparel industry 2016 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 55:2, s. 255-261 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Apparel exports bring in sizeable foreign income to Sri Lanka. To protect and promote this industry is a paramount need. This can be carried out by applying Human Factors/Ergonomics (HFE) which has proved to control negative effects at work places. This paper reports a case study which describes the demands and benefits of HFE in MAS Holdings which owns a large share of the apparel industry in Sri Lanka.The study consisted of walk through observation survey, a questionnaire survey and ergonomic work place analysis followed by a training programme to selected employees in three companies.Positive responses to questionnaires revealed good ergonomic practices in the work places surveyed. Ergonomically unfit chairs and potential hazards e.g. exposure to noise and hot environment were detected. It is seen that MAS have introduced strategies originated by Toyota Production System viz. 5S, Kaizen, six sigma etc., which are in fact ergonomic methods. A progressive project MAS boast of viz. ‘MAS Operating System’ (MOS) empowers training and development to employees.MAS Holdings has adequately realized the benefits of applying HFE as evident by the number of awards received. Relevant companies were advised to take appropriate corrective measures to control the potential hazards.
4.	Ahlgren, Christina, et al. (författare) Struggle for time to teach. Teachers experiences of their work situation. 2011 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 40:Suppl 1, s. 111-118 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to from a gender perspective, explore elementary school teacher' experiences of their work situation, and identify conditions that could be health risks. Participants: Eighteen female teachers who work in an elementary school in Northern Sweden. Method: Thematic interviews were conducted using an interview guide. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the transcribed text and interpretations were made within gender theory. Results: Four categories emerged: "Squeezed between dream and reality", "Effort to keep up with demands", "We can make it together" and "The school needs men's qualities". The categories were linked together with the theme "A struggle for time to teach". The theme describes the conflict between the teachers' ambitions to teach and create a stimulating learning environment versus the increased need for behaviour control that took time from classroom work. Beside work at the school, the teachers carried a large burden of domestic work.Conclusions: Teachers' work includes both endless demands and great joy. Their work is structured within the schools gender system in which caring duties are subordinated despite a growing demand for behaviour control. Traditional gender roles affect their domestic work load.
5.	Ahlgren, Åsa, et al. (författare) Work resumption after vocational rehabilitation : a follow-up two years after completed rehabilitation 2007 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 28:4, s. 343-354 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract A short-term evaluation of vocational rehabilitation (VR) may give conclusions not automatically applicable over a longer term. The present study follows up alterations in work resumption or in social insurance benefits from the time of completed VR and during the following two years. AIM: The primary objective was to evaluate work resumption among previous sick-leavers granted vocational rehabilitation. The aim of the follow-up was to assess the stability of the outcome of VR over time and to analyse factors of importance for clients that remained at work. METHOD: A register investigation was based on 815 cases where the clients had taken part in vocational rehabilitation and were served by one of six local social insurance offices of a Swedish county. RESULTS: Of the clients studied, 52.4% had attained full working capacity The proportion had decreased to 37.4% two years later. One factor that differed between those who resumed work and those who returned to sick leave was the duration of the previous sick-leave period. Those who returned to work had had shorter sick leave, had jobs to return to and had received job training as a vocational rehabilitation measure. CONCLUSIONS: The clients with the best chances of being in work two years after completed vocational rehabilitation were those with short sickness absence, who had been selected for job training as a vocational rehabilitation, were aged 16-29 years and were employed in industry.
6.	Ahlstrand, Inger, et al. (författare) Activity performance, life satisfaction and locus of control in young women on sick leave 1998 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 11:2, s. 131-136 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
7.	Ahmadi, Elena, 1978-, et al. (författare) Managers’ and employees’ experiences of how managers’ wellbeing impacts their leadership behaviours in Swedish small businesses 2023 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 75:1, s. 97-112 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND:There is a growing interest in managers’ wellbeing due to the observed associations between their wellbeing and leadership behaviours, and between leadership behaviours and employees’ wellbeing. However, it is still unclear how managers’ wellbeing influences their practiced leadership across different workplace contexts, which specific behaviours are affected, and how this varies across time.OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was therefore to explore managers’ and employees’ experiences and perceptions regarding the consequences of managers’ wellbeing for their leadership behaviours in small businesses.METHODS:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 participants (19 managers and 18 employees) working at 12 Swedish small firms, and analysed using content analysis.RESULTS:The findings show that managers were more constructive when they felt well, and more passively destructive when unwell. Variations in managers’ wellbeing influenced their mood, energy level, and performance, as well as the company’s working climate. However, these destructive leadership variations did not have a substantial impact, because several protective factors were present.CONCLUSION:This study shows that the wellbeing of managers in small businesses has perceptible consequences for their leadership behaviours. The study also shows that sustained leadership behaviours may coexist with temporary variations of these behaviours on a constructive-destructive continuum depending on the leader’s wellbeing. Overall, the findings contribute to a more nuanced and dynamic understanding of how the interaction between managers’ wellbeing and their behaviours unfolds in the particular context of small companies.
8.	Ahmadi, Feresteh, et al. (författare) Job satisfaction and challenges of working from home at the time of COVID-19 : A study in a Swedish academic setting 2022 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 71:2, s. 357-370 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic changed the academic world in variousways, and most universities are still closed and continue operating via teleworking. OBJECTIVE : This study is intended to investigate how university faculty/staff andstudents in Sweden have coped with the lockdown and working/studying from homeduring the pandemic. METHODS : A survey was conducted among 277 women andmen working and studying at different universities in Sweden. RESULTS : The resultsindicate that most (61%) respondents were very or somewhat satisfied with the currentwork-from-home arrangement. Additionally, they indicate that, overall, almost 30%were working more than usual due to the pandemic and teleworking. The copingmethods having the highest impact on overall job satisfaction were: “thinking aboutwhat I can do rather than what I can’t do”; “being able to access medical resources andmedical services if I need to seek help”; and “having trust in state or health authoritiesin my country.” CONCLUSIONS : The study reveals that Sweden can serve as a goodexample of how university faculty/staff and students can address the occupationalchallenges caused by a health pandemic and possible subsequent quarantines.
9.	Ahmadi, Fereshteh, 1958-, et al. (författare) Job satisfaction and challenges of working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic : A study in a Swedish academic setting 2022 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 71:2, s. 357-370 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic changed the academic world in various ways, and most universities are still closed and continue operating via teleworking.OBJECTIVE: This study is intended to investigate how university faculty/staff and students in Sweden have coped with the lockdown and working/studying from home during the pandemic.METHODS: A survey was conducted among 277 women and men working and studying at different universities in Sweden.RESULTS: The results indicate that most (61%) respondents were very or somewhat satisfied with the current work-from-home arrangement. Additionally, they indicate that, overall, almost 30% were working more than usual due to the pandemic and teleworking. The coping methods having the highest impact on overall job satisfaction were: "thinking about what I can do rather than what I can't do"; "being able to access medical resources and medical services if I need to seek help"; and "having trust in state or health authorities in my country."CONCLUSIONS: The study reveals that Sweden can serve as a good example of how university faculty/staff and students can address the occupational challenges caused by a health pandemic and possible subsequent quarantines.
10.	Akhavan, Sharareh, 1963-, et al. (författare) Work-related health factors among female immigrants in Sweden 2007 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 28:2, s. 135-144 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Work-related health has been a focus of research since the rate of sickness-related absences began to increase in Sweden. The incidence of sickness-related absences and early retirement is higher among female immigrants than among others in the total population. This study is based on a questionnaire survey which was conducted in a municipality in Sweden. The study population consisted of 2 429 native and immigrant female employees. The aim was to study work-related health factors for female immigrants. The results of this study show that about 20% of female immigrants who participate in the survey have temporary employment while the proportion is 8% for native women. The perception of ethnic discrimination among female immigrants was three times as much as among native females. The results also show that 69% of female immigrants report having received no opportunity to discuss their wages with managers, in comparison to 63% of native females. About 40% of female immigrants and 35% of native women report that they do not get opportunities to upgrade their skills. Female immigrants over the age of 50 experience gender and ethnic discrimination and lack of access to skills training programs more often than younger immigrants. They also participate in health-care activities more often.
11.	Akselsson, Roland, et al. (författare) Efficient and effective learning for safety from incidents 2012 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 3216-3222 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Learning from incidents is important for improving safety. Many companies spend a great deal of time and money on such learning procedures. The objectives of this paper are to present some early results from a project aimed at revealing weaknesses in the procedures for learning from incidents and to discuss improvements in these procedures, especially in chemical process industries. The empirical base comes from a project assessing organizational learning and the effectiveness of the different steps of the learning cycle for safety and studying relations between safety-specific transformational leadership, safety climate, trust, safety-related behavior and learning from incidents. The results point at common weaknesses in the organizational learning, both in the horizontal learning (geographical spread) and in vertical learning (double-loop learning). Furthermore, the effectiveness in the different steps of the learning cycle is low due to insufficient information in incident reports, very shallow analyses of reports, decisions that focus at solving the problem only at the place where the incident took place, late implementations and weak solutions. Strong correlations with learning from incidents were found for all safety climate variables as well as for safety-related behaviors and trust. The relationships were very strong for trust, safety knowledge, safety participation and safety compliance.
12.	Alm, Håkan, et al. (författare) How to increase safety in complex systems - an ongoing project 2012 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Suppl. 1, s. 3234-3237 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this paper is to describe an ongoing project with the aim of improving safety in an organization working with maintenance and development of the railway infrastructure in Sweden. The first sub goal was to investigate the Genta method, with 62 employees resulted in a description of these latent errors in the organization.eral Failure Types in the organization. Seminars and interviews, based on the Tripod Del Recommendations for an improvement toward a safety culture was suggested, action plans were formulated and, in some cases, implemented. A follow up study is planned in a two year perspective.
13.	Alm, Håkan, et al. (författare) The alarm system and a possible way forward 2012 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Suppl. 1, s. 2840-2844 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this paper is to make a review of studies concerning problems with alarm systems and to make a theoretical analysis of these problems. The aim is also to show some general design ideas to improve alarm presentation in process descriptions. Using research results from situation awareness and decision making a number of suggestions for further development of alarm systems are presented. Recommendations include providing operators of complex systems feedback that can support their mental models and situational awareness. Furthermore a recommendation is to design alarm systems that can learn from experience.
14.	Alm, Håkan, et al. (författare) The alarm system and a possible way forward 2012 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 41:Supplement 1/ 2012, s. 2840-2844 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract The aim of this paper is to make a review of studies concerning problems with alarm systems and to make a theoretical analysis of these problems. The aim is also to show some general design ideas to improve alarm presentation in process descriptions. Using research results from situation awareness and decision making a number of suggestions for further development of alarm systems are presented. Recommendations include providing operators of complex systems feedback that can support their mental models and situational awareness. Furthermore a recommendation is to design alarm systems that can learn from experience.
15.	Andersson, Annika, 1981, et al. (författare) Associations between leisure activities and binge drinking in adults: Findings from a Swedish newly sick-listed sample. 2014 Ingår i: Work : A journal of Prevention, Assesment and rehabilitation. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 48:2, s. 143-153 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Leisure activities and drinking patterns are factors that can affect health and ability to return to work after a sick-leave. Associations between participation in leisure activities and binge drinking among sick-listed individuals have been paid little attention in the research literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine associations between leisure activities and binge drinking in a sample of newly sick-listed women and men. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 2,888 individuals aged 19-64 years. Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire data from the Health Assets Project, Sweden, was used. Participation in 18 leisure activities was estimated. Binge drinking was defined as consuming alcohol at least once a month, and typically consuming five or more glasses. RESULTS: Among women aged 19-30 years who regularly went to concerts (OR 2.36) and wrote (OR 2.39) associations were found with binge drinking. Lower OR was found among women aged 31-64 who regularly went to the cinema (OR 0.43), out in the nature (OR 0.46) or participated in sports (OR 0.57). Among men, associations were found between socializing with friends and binge drinking in both age groups (OR 3.83 respectively 1.63). Among younger men who attended sporting events OR was 2.31, and among older men participating in religious communities OR was 0.28. CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to understanding the interplay between leisure activities and health behavior. In particular, social activities in men were associated with binge drinking while the opposite was true for recreational activities in older women.
16.	Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al. (författare) High incidence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis in western Sweden. A population-based study from 1980 to 1998 2006 Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 26:4, s. 343-353 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Regional differences in Sweden in the prevalence of disability pension with a psychiatric diagnosis are unexplained, in spite of the significant impact on the population's health, rehabilitation systems, and the health care system. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of disability pensions with a psychiatric diagnosis and to analyze the impact of age and gender. We examined the incidencerates in one urban and one semi-rural region and compared these to national rates. The study sample was drawn from employed persons between 16-64 years of age who, because of their sickness insurance coverage, would be eligible to access disability pensions should it be necessary. Analysis of annual incidences and standardized morbidity ratios were made for 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, and 1998. Data ondisability pension cases were collected from the National Social Insurance registers. In the urban region we found that the proportion of men and women clearly outnumbered the national average: approximately twice the number of persons between 16-64 years of age with apsychiatric diagnosis were receiving a disability pension. In the semi-rural region there were fewer men overall on disability pensionswith psychiatric disorders, but in 1980, 1985, and 1995 women clearly outnumbered men. Access to psychiatric care, unemployment, alcohol dependence, and previous sickness absence are suggested as possible factors that might affect the rates of disability pension in different geographical settings. © 2006 IOS Press. All rights reserved.
17.	Andruškienė, Jurgita, et al. (författare) Psychosocial work experiences related to health : a study of Lithuanian hospital employees 2015 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 53:3, s. 669-677 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Research in the area of workplace health promotion from a salutogenic perspective is lacking in Eastern Europe.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between psychosocial work environment and health from a salutogenic perspective among Lithuanian hospital workers.METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design a questionnaire was distributed to staff in a large hospital in Lithuania. Out of 811 employees, 714 completed the survey: 151 physicians, 449 nurses and 114 other staff members (e.g., psychologists, technicians, therapists). A response rate of 88.0% was achieved. The Work Experience Measurement Scale (WEMS) and the Salutogenic Health Indicator Scale (SHIS) were linguistically adapted and used for the first time in a Lithuanian context. Logistic and multiple linear regression models were used for the analyses.RESULTS: Supportive working conditions, positive internal work experiences and time experience contributed the most to good health, defined as a high SHIS index. Having an executive post was significantly related to good work experiences, i.e. a high WEMS score, while being at the age of 40-54 years was associated with a low WEMS score. Physicians had the highest score on supportive working conditions; while nurses had the lowest scores on autonomy.CONCLUSIONS: A salutogenic approach enables an organisation to identify how to improve working conditions for the employees by focusing on possibilities and resources. Individual activities for workplace health promotion among different work groups seem necessary.
18.	Anund, Anna, 1964-, et al. (författare) Threats and violence towards urban bus drivers in Sweden : Drivers experiences and general recommendations to prevent violence and threats 2022 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS PRESS. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 72:4, s. 1279-1287 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% of Swedish urban bus drivers report having been exposed to threats or violence. As 50% of drivers have voiced concerns about the occurrences, threats and violence also represent contributing factors to driver stress and fatigue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore bus drivers' experience of threats and violence; how threats and violence manifests and how the problem is handled by drivers. Gaining understanding of the circumstances is important to reduce the number of threats and violent incidents to provide healthy and attractive working conditions for drivers. METHODS: This study is based on in-depth interviews with 12 urban bus drivers in the City of Malmö in Sweden. RESULTS: Urban bus drivers experience threats daily from passengers, although physical violence occurs less often. The most common situations resulting in threats involve asking passengers to show valid tickets, denying child carriages onboard and running late to a bus stop. The drivers have not received clear guidelines as to strategic handling of the invalid ticket situation. CONCLUSIONS: Recommendations include a clear policy and consensus with regard to handling invalid tickets, providing drivers with guidelines for appropriate procedures for passengers refusing to pay, improving reporting routines and establishing a strategy for the Public Transportation provider and operator to follow with regard to reports, in-vehicle surveillance cameras including informing passengers that they are being video recorded as well as harmonizing the location of alarm buttons on buses.
19.	Arneson, Hanna, et al. (författare) Measuring empowerment in working life : a review 2006 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 26:1, s. 37-46 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study identifies and describes questionnaires that measure empowerment in working life. Theoretical bases and empirical examination of the questionnaires are also reported. Nine questionnaires emerged from a database search including AMED, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE and PSYCINFO. The main target groups were employees in general. Most authors share the same theoretical basis. Most of the questionnaires focus on intra- individual issues, while a smaller number deal with the interaction between individual and organization. Control and competence are frequently used dimensions. Cronbach's alpha for complete questionnaires ranged between 0.62 and 0.96. No comparisons with outcome of health were reported. Spreitzer's questionnaire [54] has undergone the most comprehensive investigation. Research is required to achieve better understanding of the interplay between conditions at work and empowerment and health.
20.	Arnetz, Judith E., et al. (författare) Using database reports to reduce workplace violence : Perceptions of hospital stakeholders 2015 Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 51:1, s. 51-59 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Documented incidents of violence provide the foundation for any workplace violence prevention program. However, no published research to date has examined stakeholders' preferences for workplace violence data reports in healthcare settings. If relevant data are not readily available and effectively summarized and presented, the likelihood is low that they will be utilized by stakeholders in targeted efforts to reduce violence. OBJECTIVE: To discover and describe hospital system stakeholders' perceptions of database-generated workplace violence data reports. PARTICIPANTS: Eight hospital system stakeholders representing Human Resources, Security, Occupational Health Services, Quality and Safety, and Labor in a large, metropolitan hospital system. METHODS: The hospital system utilizes a central database for reporting adverse workplace events, including incidents of violence. A focus group was conducted to identify stakeholders' preferences and specifications for standardized, computerized reports of workplace violence data to be generated by the central database. The discussion was audio-taped, transcribed verbatim, processed as text, and analyzed using stepwise content analysis. RESULTS: Five distinct themes emerged from participant responses: Concerns, Etiology, Customization, Use, and Outcomes. In general, stakeholders wanted data reports to provide "the big picture," i.e., rates of occurrence; reasons for and details regarding incident occurrence; consequences for the individual employee and/or the workplace; and organizational efforts that were employed to deal with the incident. CONCLUSIONS: Exploring stakeholder views regarding workplace violence summary reports provided concrete information on the preferred content, format, and use of workplace violence data. Participants desired both epidemiological and incident-specific data in order to better understand and work to prevent the workplace violence occurring in their hospital system.
21.	Arvidsson, Lisa, et al. (författare) Nurses’ assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and their relation to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress 2023 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 74:2, s. 501-513 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Nurses’ working conditions are important for their well-being at work and for their ability to provide patients with safe care. Self-efficacy can influence employees’ behaviour at work. Therefore, it is valuable to study self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in relation to working conditions.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between nurses assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in care situations and structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress.METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a correlational design was conducted. A total of 417 registered nurses and licensed practical nurses at surgical and orthopaedic units responded to a questionnaire containing: the Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale, the Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 and the Health & Safety Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool. Correlational analyses and group comparisons were performed.RESULTS: The nurses rated high levels of self-efficacy to medical asepsis in care situations. The correlational analyses revealed that correlation coefficients between structural empowerment, work engagement, work-related stress and self-efficacy to medical asepsis were 0.254–0.268. Significant differences in self-efficacy were found in the grouped working conditions.CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that nurses rated high self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and, to some extent, this seemed related to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress. This valuable knowledge could enable improvements at the managerial and organisational levels, benefiting both nurses and patients in the long run.
22.	Arvidsson, Lisa, et al. (författare) Nurses' assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and their relation to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress 2023 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 74:2, s. 501-513 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Nurses' working conditions are important for their well-being at work and for their ability to provide patients with safe care. Self-efficacy can influence employees' behaviour atwork. Therefore, it is valuable to study self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in relation to working conditions.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between nurses' assessed self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis in care situations and structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress.METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a correlational design was conducted. A total of 417 registered nurses and licensed practical nurses at surgical and orthopaedic units responded to a questionnaire containing: the Infection Prevention Appraisal Scale, the Conditions ofWork Effectiveness Questionnaire-II, the UtrechtWork Engagement Scale-9 and the Health& Safety Executive Management Standards Indicator Tool. Correlational analyses and group comparisons were performed.RESULTS: The nurses rated high levels of self-efficacy to medical asepsis in care situations. The correlational analyses revealed that correlation coefficients between structural empowerment, work engagement, work-related stress and selfefficacy to medical asepsis were 0.254-0.268. Significant differences in self-efficacy were found in the grouped working conditions.CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that nurses rated high self-efficacy levels to medical asepsis and, to some extent, this seemed related to structural empowerment, work engagement and work-related stress. This valuable knowledge could enable improvements at the managerial and organisational levels, benefiting both nurses and patients in the long run.
23.	Asplund, Sofia, et al. (författare) Organizational and psychosocial environmental work factors associated with self-rated exhaustion disorder among municipal employees in rural northern Sweden 2023 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 75:4, s. 1215-1229 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Research indicates that good organizational and psychosocial environments are vital to well-functioning workplaces and employee health. Working in the municipal sector and in the rural context may contribute to more health problems, poorer organizational and psychosocial work environments, and higher sick-leave rates.Objective: The aim of this study was to explore organizational and psychosocial environmental work factors among municipal employees with or without self-rated exhaustion disorder (s-ED) in rural northern Sweden.Methods: The Modern Work Life Questionnaire and the Self-Rated Exhaustion Disorder Scale were used among 1093 municipal employees.Results: The results showed that there were significant differences between the s-ED and the non-s-ED group in all but one of the organizational and psychosocial environmental work factors. Various demands, i.e. quantitative, emotional, intellectual, and IT demands were some factors associated with the s-ED group. Social support, resources, and time for work and reflection were some factors associated with the non-s-ED group. Both the s-ED and the non-s-ED groups assessed significantly higher emotional demands and less resources compared to national reference values.Conclusion: Findings from this study are relevant to a better understanding what organizational and psychosocial work environmental work factor the employer need to pay extra attention to. Addressing risk and protective factors in the work environment could tribute to promote occupational well-being, preventing exhaustion disorder and long-term sick leave among municipal employees in rural northern Sweden.
24.	Bellini, Diego, et al. (författare) Social support in the company canteen : A restorative resource buffering the relationship between job demands and fatigue 2019 Ingår i: Work. - : IOS PRESS. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 63:3, s. 375-387 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: The quality of the places where workers take their breaks may affect the completeness of recovery in the time available. Little is known about how characteristics of a company canteen buffer the relationship between job demands and fatigue. OBJECTIVE: We addressed the possibility that the company canteen buffers the relationship between job demands and fatigue to the extent that workers perceive it to hold restorative quality. Further, we considered how the restorative quality of the canteen signals the provision of organizational support, another job resource thought to buffer the demands-fatigue relationship. METHODS: A questionnaire was completed by 141 male blue collars workers during their lunch break in the factory canteen of an Italian industrial organization. RESULTS: Canteen restorative quality correlated positively with organizational support. In multivariate regression analyses, the demands-fatigue association was weaker among workers who saw greater restorative quality in the canteen. This buffering effect was accounted for by a buffering effect of organizational support. CONCLUSIONS: When settings for rest in the workplace have higher restorative quality, they may better function as job resources in two respects: serving the immediate needs of workers for recovery from job demands, and signaling the interest of the organization in their well-being.
25.	Bendixen, Hans-Jörgen, et al. (författare) Occupational therapists' job satisfaction in a changing hospital organisation : A time-geography-based study 2014 Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 47:2, s. 159-171 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVE: To investigate occupational therapists’ job satisfaction under a changing regime by using a timegeographicapproach focusing on the therapists’ everyday working lives.PARTICIPANTS: Nine occupational therapists at the Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark.METHOD: A mixed-method design was employed. Occupational therapists kept time-geographic diaries, and the results fromthem were grounded for individual, semi-structured in-depth interviews. Individual reflections on everyday working life wererecorded. Transcribed statements from the interviews were analysed to determine factors influencing job satisfaction.RESULTS: The nine therapists kept diaries for one day a month for a total of 70 preselected days over a period of nine months;six participated in individual interviews. Four factors constraining OT job satisfaction were revealed. Economic concerns, newprofessional paradigms and methods in combination with a new organisational structure for the occupational therapy servicecaused uncertainty. In addition, decreasing possibilities for supervision by colleagues influenced job satisfaction. Opportunitiesfor experiencing autonomy in everyday working life were described as facilitators for job satisfaction.CONCLUSION: The time-geographic and interview methods were useful in focusing on the job satisfaction of occupationaltherapists, who provided individual interpretations of the balance between autonomy and three types of constraints in everydayworking life. The constraints related to organisation, power relations and – not least – how the organisational project of thedepartment fitted in with OTs’ individual projects. Matching of organisational and individual projects is of crucial importance,not only for OTs but for most workplaces where individuals are employed to serve patients in the healthcare sector.

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