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- Domanski, A M., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the oestrogen and progesterone receptor status in primary breast carcinomas as evaluated by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry: a consecutive series of 267 patients
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0956-5507 .- 1365-2303. ; 24:1, s. 21-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A.M. Domanski, N. Monsef, H.A. Domanski, D. Grabau and M. Ferno Comparison of the oestrogen and progesterone receptor status in primary breast carcinomas as evaluated by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry: a consecutive series of 267 patients Objective: The use of cytological specimens to evaluate tumour biomarkers in metastatic breast cancer lesions has attracted increased interest because of the considerable number of reports that have shown discordance between the primary tumour and metastatic lesion. Oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) assays are crucial for the management of patients with breast cancer, in both adjuvant and palliative settings. The aim of this study was to compare the ER and PgR immunocytochemical analysis of fine needle aspiration (FNA) samples with the immunohistochemistry (IHC) of surgical specimens and core biopsies from primary breast cancers. Methods: The FNA specimens were prepared as cell blocks (n = 25) or ThinPreps (n = 258) for the immunocytochemistry (IC) ER and PgR analyses. Sixteen patients were excluded because of lack of follow-up (n = 1), neoadjuvant therapy (n = 3) or cell counts in their fine needle aspirates that were too low (n = 12). The results of IC on 25 cell blocks and 242 ThinPreps were compared with IHC on the corresponding core needle biopsies (n = 16) or excised tumours (n = 251). The ER and PgR status was defined as negative (when less than 10% of the nuclei were stained) or positive (when equal or more than 10% of the nuclei were stained). Kappa statistics were used to evaluate the concordance. Results: The ER concordance was 98% with ThinPrep (kappa = 0.93) and 92% with cell block (kappa = 0.82). The corresponding values for PgR were 96% (kappa = 0.91) and 96% (kappa = 0.92). Conclusions: Our results confirm that, in cases in which biopsies or surgical specimens are not available, IC (with either cell block or ThinPrep techniques) is a reliable method for the determination of the ER and PgR status performed under strict conditions using primary breast carcinomas, and is therefore potentially useful in metastatic settings.
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| 2. |
- Domanski, Henryk, et al.
(författare)
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Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma is difficult to diagnose by fine needle aspiration cytology: a cytomorphological study of eight cases.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2303 .- 0956-5507. ; 20, s. 304-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is an uncommon neoplasm with bland morphology and an indolent clinical course, although metastases may develop in approximately 5-10% of the cases. The diagnosis of LGFMS can be difficult to render from fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) alone because of morphological overlap with other spindle cell and myxoid lesions. Objective: To determine cytological criteria for LGFMS by reviewing FNAC aspirates in eight cases and to compare the findings with those in subsequent histological sections. Methods: FNAC slides were reviewed from eight patients with subsequently excised tumours diagnosed as LGFMS. Of these patients, six also had core needle biopsies (CNB). Cytogenetic and/or molecular analysis was carried on all tumours. Results: The patients were six men and two women ranging in age from 26 to 78 years. Tumours arose in the deep soft tissues of the thigh (n = 5), shoulder girdle (n = 1) or upper arm (n = 1) and one in the subcutaneous tissue of the abdominal wall. Cytological features included clusters of bland spindle and round/polygonal cells embedded in a collagenous and myxoid matrix along with dissociated, uniform or slightly/moderately pleomorphic spindle cells, bare nuclei and fragments of collagen and myxoid tissue in varying proportions. Unequivocal sarcoma was diagnosed in two aspirates, but mitoses were absent in all cases. In three cases, the diagnosis was inconclusive with regard to benignity or malignancy, while three were erroneously diagnosed as benign spindle cell lesions. Although the diagnosis was suggested on three of six CNB, these presented similar diagnostic problems. Conclusions: There were no cytomorphological findings in FNAC to allow for a clear cut separation of LGFMS from other spindle cell or myxoid lesions, but high-grade sarcoma could be excluded. Surgical (incisional or excisional) biopsy or, alternatively, examination of RT-PCR for the FUS/CREB3L or FUS/CREB3L1 fusion transcripts may be necessary to obtain a correct diagnosis.
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| 3. |
- Åkerman, Måns, et al.
(författare)
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The complex cytological features of synovial sarcoma in fine needle aspirates, an analysis of four illustrative cases
- 2007
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - : Wiley. - 1365-2303 .- 0956-5507. ; 18:4, s. 234-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The cytological features of conventional monophasic spindle cell and biphasic synovial sarcoma have been defined in detail in several large series. The cytology of rare morphological variants, especially the subtypes of poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma, are insufficiently evaluated and diagnostically difficult to define. The objective of the present study was to call attention to the variable cytology of rare variants of synovial sarcoma. Furthermore, adjunctive diagnostic methods, necessary for a correct diagnosis, are discussed. Methods: Aspirates from four synovial sarcomas, with cytological features, which differed from those of conventional synovial sarcoma and from each other, were retrieved from our files and re-evaluated. Results: In three of the cases a correct diagnosis was not obtained from routinely stained aspirates. In the fourth case, the correct diagnosis was established by a combination of cytomorphology, immunocytochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) performed on the aspirated material. Conclusion: Ancillary diagnostic methods are necessary in the examination of aspiration smears from synovial sarcoma, especially of morphological variants with a cytomorphology that differs from conventional spindle-cell monophasic and biphasic tumours. Immunocytochemistry and molecular genetic examinations (reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or FISH) are the methods of choice.
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| 9. |
- Capitanio, Arrigo, et al.
(författare)
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Digital cytology: A short review of technical and methodological approaches and applications
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - : WILEY. - 0956-5507 .- 1365-2303. ; 29:4, s. 317-325
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recent years have been characterised by a rapid development of whole slide imaging (WSI) especially in its applications to histology. The application of WSI technology to cytology is less common because of technological problems related to the three-dimensional nature of cytology preparations (which requires capturing of z-stack information, with an increase in file size and usability issues in viewing cytological preparations). The aim of this study is to provide a review of the literature on the use of digital cytology and provide an overview of cytological applications of WSI in current practice as well as identifying areas for future development.
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| 11. |
- Domanski, Henryk A.
(författare)
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Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of soft tissue tumours
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - : Wiley. - 0956-5507 .- 1365-2303. ; 31:4, s. 271-279
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a widely accepted safe, simple and rapid diagnostic procedure used in the examination of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions of various locations. Since its introduction, FNAC has developed into an effective diagnostic tool practiced in a large majority of medical centres evaluating and treating oncological patients. The role of FNAC has been limited in the examination of primary soft tissue lesions, however, as many physicians working in this area recommended against using FNAC. An increasing use of minimally invasive diagnostic procedures in the last decade has resulted in a better acceptance of FNAC as a first-line approach or as a complementary tool to core needle biopsy in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal lesions. This review discusses the role and value of FNAC in the evaluation and treatment of soft tissue tumours based on the experience gathered over the course of 48 years at the Sarcoma Center in Lund, Sweden. FNAC reports most often provide diagnostic information allowing the initiation of treatment or, when definitive diagnosis cannot be rendered from a cytological examination, guiding the continued diagnostic investigation. The main advantages of soft tissue FNAC are good sensitivity and specificity, low morbidity, speed of diagnosis, and low cost/benefit ratio. The most important disadvantages stem from limited experience in cytological diagnosis of soft tissue tumours and a lack of standardised and uniform reporting system for soft tissue FNAC.
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| 14. |
- Köster, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Comparative cytological and histological assessment of 828 primary soft tissue and bone lesions, and proposal for a system for reporting soft tissue cytopathology
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - : Wiley. - 0956-5507 .- 1365-2303. ; 32:1, s. 7-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and core needle biopsies (CNBs) in a series of primary soft tissue and bone lesions and to test a possible system for reporting results of FNA cytology of soft tissue lesion. Methods: This retrospective study encompassed 828 primary soft tissue and bone lesions, analysed with FNA, CNB and/or surgical specimen in order to perform sensitivity/specificity as well as accuracy analyses. The series was then used to test a system for reporting soft tissue cytopathology with six categories and the risk of malignancy in each category was calculated. Results: With a malignant diagnosis defined as positive test result, FNA and CNB analysis showed sensitivity of 87% and 94%, respectively, and specificity of 89% and 95%, respectively. FNA and CNB analyses identified the correct histopathological entity of the examined lesion in 55% and 66%, respectively. The risk of malignancy within the tested categories was non-diagnostic 42%, non-neoplastic 0%, atypia of unknown significance 46%, neoplasm benign 3%, neoplasm of unknown malignant potential 27%, suspicious for malignancy 72% and malignant 97%. Conclusion: FNA cytology is a suitable tool to determine the malignant potential of a sampled soft tissue/bone lesion but is inferior to CNB in defining the correct entity. A standardised reporting system might improve the clinical management of patients with soft tissue tumours examined primarily by FNA cytology.
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| 15. |
- Mansour, Mohammed S I, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of immunohistochemical mesothelial biomarkers in paired biopsies and effusion cytology cell blocks from pleural mesothelioma
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - 1365-2303. ; 34:5, s. 456-465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, the diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma is based on histological material. Minimally invasive effusion cytology specimens are an alternative that, like biopsies, require ancillary analyses. Validation of immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses on cytology, including the surrogate markers for molecular alterations BAP1 and MTAP, is of interest.METHODS: IHC for eight different markers was performed on 59 paired formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pleural biopsies and pleural effusion cell blocks with mesothelioma. Immunoreactivity in ≥10% of tumour cells was considered positive/preserved. The concordance between histological and cytological materials was assessed.RESULTS: The overall percentage of agreement between the histological epithelioid component in 58 biopsies and paired cell blocks was 93% for calretinin, 98% for CK5, 97% for podoplanin, 90% for WT1, 86% for EMA, 100% for desmin, 91% for BAP1, and 72% for MTAP. For 11 cases with biphasic or sarcomatoid histology, the concordance between cytology and the histological sarcomatoid component was low for calretinin, CK5, and WT1 (all ≤45%). For the whole cohort, loss of both BAP1 and MTAP was seen in 40% while both markers were preserved in 11% of the biopsies for epithelioid histology. The corresponding numbers were 54% and 8%, respectively, for the paired cell blocks.CONCLUSIONS: Generally, a high concordance for IHC staining was seen between paired biopsies and pleural effusion cell blocks from mesotheliomas, but the somewhat lower agreement for WT1, EMA, and especially MTAP calls for further investigation and local quality assurance. The lower concordance for the sarcomatoid subtype for some markers may indicate biological differences.
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| 17. |
- Röbeck, Pontus, et al.
(författare)
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Multiplex protein analysis and ensemble machine learning methods of fine needle aspirates from prostate cancer patients reveal potential diagnostic signatures associated with tumour grade
- 2023
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Ingår i: Cytopathology. - : Wiley. - 0956-5507 .- 1365-2303. ; 34:4, s. 286-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Improved molecular diagnosis is needed in prostate cancer (PC). Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a minimally invasive biopsy technique, less traumatic compared to core needle biopsy, and could be useful for diagnosis of PC. Molecular biomarkers (BMs) in FNA-samples can be assessed for prediction, eg of immunotherapy efficacy before treatment as well as at treatment decision time points during disease progression.Methods: In the present pilot study, the expression levels of 151 BM proteins were analysed by proximity extension assay in FNA-samples from 16 patients, including benign prostate lesions (n = 3) and cancers (n = 13). An ensemble data analysis strategy was applied using several machine learning models.Results: Twelve potentially predictive BM proteins correlating with International Society of Urological Pathology grade groups were identified, among them vimentin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2, and integrin beta-5. The validity of the results was supported by network analysis that showed functional associations between most of the identified putative BMs. We also showed that multiple immune checkpoint targets can be assessed (eg PD-L1, CD137, and Galectin-9), which may support the selection of immunotherapy in advanced PC. Results are promising but need further validation in a larger cohort.Conclusions: Our pilot study represents a “proof of concept” and shows that multiplex profiling of potential diagnostic and predictive BM proteins is feasible on tumour material obtained by FNA sampling of prostate cancer. Moreover, our results demonstrate that an ensemble data analysis strategy may facilitate the identification of BM signatures in pilot studies when the patient cohort is limited.
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