| 1. |
- Abalo, Ernesto, 1982-
(författare)
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Rifts in the hegemony : Swedish news journalism on cannabis legalization
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 20:11, s. 1617-1634
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study analyzes the journalistic construction of the ongoing international renegotiation of cannabis, with the aim of contributing to the theorization of how journalism mediates between hegemonic and counter-hegemonic positions at times of crisis of hegemonic values. The study perceives the many ongoing attempts of legalizing and decriminalizing cannabis for recreational use as providing a disequilibrium to the hegemonic view of the substance as a dangerous narcotic that is rightly banned, and as intensifying a hegemonic struggle over the meaning of cannabis. Swedish print news journalism about cannabis legalization in different countries and contexts is studied, using critical discourse analysis. The analysis shows that journalism allows for debate between positive and skeptic discourses about the effects of recreational cannabis consumption and its medical benefits, and that voices that argue for cannabis legalization to combat organized crime are given important framing power. This means that a measure of legitimacy is given to discourses that counter the prohibitionist hegemony in Sweden, which means that mainstream journalism in this specific case serves as an arena for challenging hegemonic values that are in crisis.
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| 2. |
- Adams, Paul C.
(författare)
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Migration Maps with the News : Guidelines for ethical visualization of mobile populations
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 19:4, s. 527-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maps showing immigration into Europe are a potential source of journalistic bias. Limited time and funding to create maps of migration can lead to dependence on data from institutions dedicated to controlling migration, in effect promoting a logic of surveillance directed at immigrants rather than a logic of hospitality based on respect for human rights. There are organizational and logistical barriers to overcome if migration is to be portrayed in ways that support thoughtful, democratic, rights-based deliberation but efforts need to be made to map migration in ways that reveal the geographical experiences of individual immigrants including their movement paths and the risks they face. This article examines unusual maps of migration, drawing on examples from news media as well as from non-governmental organizations, research teams, book authors, private companies, and entertainment media based in several European countries. The examples provide a foundation for concrete recommendations regarding the responsible use of cartographic visualization as a component of immigration news.
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| 3. |
- Ahva, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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A Welfare State of Mind?: Nordic journalists’ conception of their role and autonomy in international context
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 18:5, s. 595-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis GroupThe development of journalism in the Nordic countries has been shaped by two interconnected ideologies: the welfare state and democratic corporatism. International reviews have repeatedly emphasized the similarities of the media systems in these countries. However, less work has been done on the professional identity of individual journalists working within these systems. In this article, the similarities and differences between journalists’ professional values and perceptions in the Nordic countries are explored based on survey data from the Worlds of Journalism Study. The results indicate that despite country-specific variance, Nordic journalists share a vision of their professional identity especially in terms of seeing themselves as detached watchdogs and renouncing the role of opportunist facilitator. Another Nordic characteristic is the low level of experienced economic influence on journalistic work. In important ways, thus, Nordic journalists’ professional views appear to reflect central characteristics of the political culture and media systems in which they work.
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| 4. |
- Allern, Sigurd, et al.
(författare)
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The news media as a political institution : A Scandinavian perspective
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - London : Routledge. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 12:1, s. 92-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On the basis of Scandinavian journalism research this article discusses the changing political roles of news organizations and journalists after the fall of the party press and the dissolution of broadcasting as a state-controlled monopoly. Given these institutional changes, we ask the following: what new roles, if any, are news organizations and journalists playing in the political system? What are the characteristics of these new roles, and how do news organizations use their newfound political power? We address these questions in the context of an institutional approach to the news coupled with Hallin and Mancini's analysis of media systems.
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| 5. |
- Appelgren, Ester, 1977-
(författare)
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Media Management During COVID-19: Behavior of Swedish Media Leaders in Times of Crisis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 23:5-6, s. 722-739
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contrast to the majority of European countries, at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, Swedish authorities did not put the country in lockdown, but mainly presented relatively mild recommendations to work from home and not gather in groups of over 50 persons. Thus, much of the decision-making and restrictions to prevent the spread of the virus had to occur at the organizational level, i.e., within companies. This paper reports the findings from an online survey carried out in June–September 2020 (n = 196), in which Swedish media managers were asked to focus on perceived media leadership during the COVID-19 crisis. The results indicate that Swedish media managers acted with confidence in their remote leadership and engaged in crisis management leader tasks in line with previous crisis management research. While managers learned to appreciate remote work, they stressed the difficulty of being an inspiring leader in a remote setting and the challenge of motivating creativity, one of the most important components in managing journalism and media work.
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| 6. |
- Asp, Kent, 1949
(författare)
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News media logic in a New Institutional perspective
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 15:3, s. 256-270
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Media logic is the key to understanding mediatization and its driving forces. Since news organizations simultaneously are market and non-market organizations, media logic is conceived of as an institution that is both normative and market driven. Consequently, the definition of news media logic rests on assumptions from both the normative and the rational choice approach to institutions. Two sets of institutional rules are identified: professional norms based on values (independence and objectivity) and professional standards based on rules for the production of news (craft rules and form rules). The institutionalization of news media logic is conceived of as an evolutionary process, where the norms and standards are assumed to have emerged and become established endogenously. Thus, the process of institutionalization is believed to be explained primarily by processes of institutional learning. In order to justify the power of journalists, the very meanings of the norms of independence and objectivity have been widened, and the professional standards have become increasingly refined. My main conclusion is that news media logic has emerged as a single coherent institution in most Western democracies, and that the biggest democratic challenge is not the performance of the media, but the fact that journalists today can exercise a lot of power without any actual counterweights.
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| 7. |
- Barkho, Leon
(författare)
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The BBC's Discursive Strategy and Practices Vis-à-vis the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 9:2, s. 278-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the BBC's strategy and discursive practices with regard to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It triangulates critical linguistic analysis of the BBC's English and Arabic online reports, with the results of extensive interviews with BBC editors, articles by mainstream media as well as the BBC's guidelines and the editors' blogs. The aim behind the triangulation is to see whether the corporation's beliefs, norms and assumptions vis-à-vis the issue have a hand in the shaping of its discursive features. In order to understand why and how news is differently structured and patterned, Fowler urges critical linguists to contextualize their studies by examining discourse-related moments other than the text itself. The contextualization of the linguistic representations of the conflict demonstrates that BBC language reflects to a large extent the views, assumptions and norms prevalent in the corporation as well as the unequal division of power and control between the two protagonists despite the corporation's insistence on impartiality, balance and neutrality in its coverage of the conflict.
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| 8. |
- Becker, Lee B., et al.
(författare)
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IS MORE ALWAYS BETTER? : Examining the adverse effects of competition on media performance
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 10:3, s. 368-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While classic market economic theory argues that competition among media is better for consumers, preliminary research in emerging media markets suggests otherwise. High levels of competition in markets with limited advertising revenues may lead to poorer journalistic performance. This study tests that argument using secondary analysis of data from a purposive sample of countries where measures of news media performance and market competition exist. The authors find a curvilinear relationship between competition and the quality of the journalistic product, with moderate competition leading to higher-quality journalism products and higher levels of competition leading to journalistic products that do not serve society well. The implications of the findings for media assistance initiatives are discussed.
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| 9. |
- Berglez, Peter
(författare)
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What is Global Journalism? : Theoretical and empirical conceptualisations
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - London : Routledge. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 9:6, s. 845-858
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article, I argue that the emergence of transnational crises and threats such as the Muhammad cartoons controversy, the avian flu epidemic and climate change, calls for new ways of analysing news. The point of departure is that news media content seems to be becoming more and more deterritorialised, involving complex relations and flows across national borders and continents. In a globalising world, news on politics, ecological processes, agriculture etc. could thus become endowed with a global outlook on social reality, something which has by tradition only been associated with financial news. Even if it seems difficult to estimate more exactly the extent to which everyday news media content has become global, the indications are that it has become harder to categorise news texts as either solely domestic or foreign news. This, in turn, argues for the potential usefulness of the concept of global journalism, which transgresses and transcends the traditional domestic-foreign dichotomy. In news media and journalism studies, the concept of global journalism is under theoretical development, and still in need of a more stringent definition. The purpose of this article is therefore to theoretically define global journalism as a distinctive news style in order to facilitate empirical analyses of it, preferably news text analyses. The suggestion is that this news style rests on a distinct epistemology (the global outlook) when it comes to the representation of space, power and identity.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Danielson, Magnus, PhD, 1961-
(författare)
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Disclaiming, Mitigating, and Character Boosting : How Targets of Investigate Journalism Negotiate Guilt, Excuses, Justification, and Morality
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 24:4, s. 532-551
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses how objects of investigative journalism challenge journalistic authority and knowledge production from the textual space of their own platforms. Drawing on theories of image repair discourse, legal defense strategies, and socio-moral meaning making, a thematic analysis is used to research how the defenses criticize the investigations, what type of dialogical socio-moral meaning making they initiate, and what challenges that meaning-making poses to journalism. The article identifies three positions vis-à-vis the accusations: disclaiming, mitigating, and character boosting. The positions represent journalism respectively as either malevolent adversary, legitimate censor, or associate moral champion, and the stances criticize investigations for being either wrongful, exaggerated, or a distortion of character. The defenses challenge investigative journalism to substantiate accusations, justify methods, renegotiate guilt, acknowledge the validity of excuses and justification, and give credit for alleged moral qualities. The study ends with a discussion on the importance for journalism to engage seriously with defenses to uphold its role as a just and fair institution of accountability, and as a relevant actor in the construction of societal moral.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Djerf-Pierre, Monika, 1961
(författare)
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The crowding-out effect : issue dynamics and attention to environmental issues in television news reporting over 30 years
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 13:4, s. 499-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of intra-media agenda setting and issue dynamics in news reporting is essential to the understanding of the construction of issue attention cycles in the news. The present article identifies two factors-issue fatigue and issue competition-that influence the longitudinal development of issues in the news; factors that can contribute to explain the decline in attention to previously salient issues on the news agenda. Issue competition is present when a high level of attention to one issue "crowds out" attention to other issues in the same news outlet in a given period of time. The specific focus of the analysis is on the cyclical pattern in news attention to environmental issues and the article shows how environmental news is crowded-out by economic news and news on war and armed conflicts in times of crises. The empirical data consist of quantitative analyses of the attention patterns in news reporting in Swedish television news over three decades, 1979-2009.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Ekström, Mats, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond the broadcast interview : specialized forms of interviewing in the making of television news
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Routledge. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 12:2, s. 172-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on a mixed-method approach, this article aims at exploring the specialized forms of interviewing that are used as resources in television broadcast news production. Interviews are analyzed as functionally specialized forms of interaction (cf. Heritage, 1985) with various functions in different phases of the news production. We assume that interviews are organized and carried out as communicative activities oriented towards specific tasks, identities and contexts of interaction. In contrast to established definitions of the archetypical on air news interview, we argue that broadcast interviewing is only partially produced for an “overhearing audience” (ibid.). Taking into account the entire process of producing and presenting news, journalism harbours a multitude of interviewing practices and activities which remain invisible if only the taped and transcribed broadcast talk is analyzed. Our study clearly indicates that news interviews contain more diversified and hybrid activities of communication than has been described in previous research.
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| 16. |
- Ekström, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Biased interrogations? : a multi-methodological approach on bias in election campaign interviews
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 14:3, s. 423-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study, based on Swedish data from three elections (2002, 2006 and 2010) and on a revised version of Clayman's and Heritage's conceptualization of aggressive questioning, examines bias in election campaign interviews with leading political figures. In the first part of the study, the prevalence of partisan bias is explored, and this analysis confirms that such bias does not exist. Informed by Conversation Analysis, a limited number of interviews from the 2006 election are investigated in the second part. This analysis also involves questions scripted by journalists, and it compares both quantitatively and qualitatively the differences between the manuscripts and live interaction. The results question the assumption that bias is solely related to journalistic values and actions. The level of aggressiveness in the interviews is also dependent on how the politicians manage the interview questions.
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| 17. |
- Ekström, Mats
(författare)
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Conversation analysis in journalism studies
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 8:6, s. 964-973
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article considers the role of conversational analysis in the study of journalism. The author argues that conversation is inherent to the very being of journalism, whether it be conversational exchange in broadcast journalism or the conversation engaged in by print journalists in their news gathering activities. The article offers a brief history of the field of conversational analysis. Of particular interest in conversational analysis for journalistic study is the role of institutional interaction. The author discusses the role of communication and conversation in news legitimacy.
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| 18. |
- Ekström, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Journalism and local politics : A study of scrutiny and accountability in Swedish journalism
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - London : Routledge. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 7:2, s. 292-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Political accountability is defined as an important aspect of scrutiny. By analysing newspapers at three different points in time (1961, 1981 and 2001), this study suggests that the kind of scrutiny often mentioned in the literature, characterised by thorough investigations and disclosures of political wrongdoings, barely exists in the local press. By identifying other forms of scrutiny more closely related to ordinary news reporting, the study shows that one-third of the 1500 articles analysed display some degree of scrutiny. The local press plays an important role in communicating information and critique concerning the ways in which local authority service provision works and how political responsibilities are fulfilled. This study indicates that this role has been strengthened during the second half of the 20th century.
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| 19. |
- Espeland, Erik, 1993
(författare)
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The Dynamics of Political Interest and News Media Avoidance: A Generational and Longitudinal Perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the abundance of political information in today’s media environment, an increasing number of people tune out from the news. Scholars have traced these developments to both individual motivational factors gaining importance in the high-choice media environment and generational differences related to changing news habits and changing norms around news consumption. However, research that integrates these perspectives is scarce, and studies investigating this relationship longitudinally are especially rare. Thus, this paper investigates the conditional effects of (1) political interest and (2) age on the probability of avoiding traditional news media, and (3) whether these conditional effects have changed over time. Using data from 1986 to 2021, this study shows that the number of people tuning out from news media is increasing. The effect of political interest and age on the probability of news media avoidance has also increased over time. Additionally, there were only small age differences in the impact of political interest in earlier periods, but these differences have increased over time. Today, being uninterested in politics is clearly a stronger predictor of news media avoidance among younger people compared to older individuals.
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| 20. |
- Farkas, Johan
(författare)
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Fake News in Metajournalistic Discourse
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - New York : Taylor & Francis. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 24:4, s. 423-441
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, fake news has become central to debates about the state and future of journalism. This article examines imaginaries around fake news as a threat to democracy and the role of journalism in mitigating this threat. The study builds on 34 qualitative interviews with Danish journalists, media experts, government officials, and social media company representatives as well as 42 editorials from nine national Danish news outlets. Drawing on discourse theory and the concept of metajournalistic discourse, the analysis finds that media actors mobilise fake news to support opposing discursive positions on journalism and its relationship with falsehoods. While some voices articulate established journalism and journalistic values, such as objectivity, as the antithesis to fake news, others blame contemporary journalistic practices for potentially contributing to misinformation, calling for change and reform. These contrasts are particularly notable between the public stances of editors-in-chief, expressed through editorials, and reflections based on personal experience from news reporters and media experts. The paper concludes that fake news functions as a floating signifier in Danish metajournalistic discourse, mobilised not only to attack or defend journalism, but also to present conflicting visions for what journalism is and ought to be.
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| 21. |
- Ferrer Conill, Raul, 1979-
(författare)
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Camouflaging Church as State : An exploratory study of journalism’s native advertising
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Routledge. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 17:7, s. 1-13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper explores the increasing trend of adopting native advertising in the digital editions of traditional news media outlets. Native advertising is defined here as a form of paid media where the commercial content is delivered within the design and form of editorial content, as an attempt to recreate the user experience of reading news instead of advertising content. Methodologically, this study examines 12 news websites of legacy newspapers from Sweden, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States, and analyzes the adoption of native advertising during the span of January 2015. Subsequently, these advertisements are analyzed in terms of type, form, function, integration, measurement, disclosure, and authorship. The results show that while the degree of implementation is still modest, the way in which it is implemented is uneven across countries.
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| 22. |
- Gambarato, Renira R., et al.
(författare)
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Transmedia Strategies in Journalism : An analytical model for the news coverage of planned events
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 18:11, s. 1381-1399
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article discusses the meanings of transmedia journalism, which involves the expansion, not the repetition, of news content and then presents the development of a new analytical model that focuses on the coverage of planned events in news media. Planned events are temporal occurrences that are normally well schematized and publicized in advance. The proposed model addresses the fundamental features involved in transmedia strategies for media coverage to contribute to scholars’ analytic needs and to guide journalists in developing transmedia strategies in the context of the news coverage of planned events. Multiplatform news media production is already a reality that, although probably more modest than comprehensive, will inevitably grow and improve.
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| 23. |
- Gardeström, Elin, 1960-
(författare)
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Losing Control : The emergence of journalism education as an interplay of forces
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 18:4, s. 511-524
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Journalism education in Sweden emerged in the late 1950s after more than 50 years of discussions. This historical process is analyzed in this article as an interplay of forces, where different interest groups tried to shape how journalists were to be educated once the existing apprenticeship system was replaced by journalism schools. Using the work of sociologists Pierre Bourdieu and Margaret Archer, this study closely follows the struggle inside the journalistic field, and between the journalistic field and the academic field and other interest groups, about how journalists were to be trained and by whom. This study reveals how conflicts over journalism education tended to migrate; from who would run a journalism school in the postwar years to the governmental investigations of the 1960s and the prevailing internal conflict between theory and practice at the two national Journalist Institutes in the 1970s. This article discusses what is commonly understood to be the professionalization of journalism. However, from another perspective, it can also be viewed as a trade losing control over its education.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Jacobsson, Diana, 1974
(författare)
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Business Elite Competition or a Common Concern? Journalistic representations of industrial crises in Sweden
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journalism Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1461-670X .- 1469-9699. ; 19:1, s. 105-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines how mainstream news journalism reported a recent industrial crisis in Sweden (2011) and compares it with the journalistic construction of a similar crisis in the late 1970s. Analysis shows that the one-dimensional news coverage today fails to contextualize the crisis, preferring instead to report the surface drama and exalt the competitiveness of the economic elite. In this oversimplified understanding and construction of a crisis, journalism neglects certain aspects and focuses on matters relating solely to the market. The political and labor perspective highlighted in the crisis coverage of the 1970s is missing in more recent reports. The different voices discussing the causes, characteristics, consequences and solutions of crisis in the industry four decades ago have been replaced by several economic or market experts representing broadly the same perspective; a narrow business understanding of what is at stake, how a crisis can be solved as well as by whom. The class aspect, along with the democratic implications when the interests of the working class and the view of industry as an arena for labor are largely neglected by mainstream news journalism, are highlighted in the study.
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