| 1. |
- Miyahara, Takayuki, et al.
(författare)
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A novel dual material mouthguard for patients with dental implants.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-9657 .- 1600-4469. ; 29:4, s. 303-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Dental implant-supported reconstructions demonstrate significantly less physiological flexibility for loading and traumatic forces compared with a normal dentition because of their rigid integration with the adjacent bone. Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) material has become widely accepted as a mouthguard material; however, many studies indicate the necessity of improving the impact absorption ability by considering the design and developing new materials. The aim of this study was to compare the shock-absorbing ability of a novel dual component material comprising EVA and porous rubber with that of EVA alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three groups of samples were tested: Group 1=EVA (thickness, 4mm), Group 2=type 1 material (2-mm thick porous rubber sheet sandwiched between two sheets of 1-mm thick EVA sheets), and Group 3=type 2 material (1-mm thick porous rubber sheet sandwiched between EVA sheets with 1 and 2-mm thickness, respectively). Shock absorption was determined by means of a hammer impact testing device equipped with strain gauge, accelerator, and load cell. RESULTS: The value of shock-absorbing ability of group 2 (40.6±12.5%) was significantly higher than those of group 1 (15.6±2.1%) and group 3 (21.2±9.2%). The material with thicker rubber sheet showed significantly higher shock-absorbing ability compared with that of the material with thinner rubber sheet. CONCLUSIONS: The novel dual material was superior to conventional EVA material in shock-absorbing ability depending on the thickness of porous rubber, and it may be potentially effective as mouthguard material, in particular, for patients wearing implant-supported constructions.
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| 7. |
- Glendor, Ulf
(författare)
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Has the education of professional caregivers and lay people in dental trauma care failed?
- 2009
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Ingår i: DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY. - : Wiley. - 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 25:1, s. 12-18
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Several reports have been published during the past decades showing a lack of care of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) as well as dentists and lay people having insufficient knowledge on how to manage TDIs. This situation could seriously affect the outcome of TDIs, especially a complicated TDI. The overall aim of this study was to present a review of dental trauma care with focus on treatment and dentists and lay persons lack of knowledge on how to manage a TDI. A further aim is to introduce the actors involved and the outcome of their education. The databases Medline, Cochrane, SSCI, SCI and CINAHL from the year 1995 to the present were used. Focus was on treatment need, inadequate care, lack of knowledge and poor organization of emergency care. Studies from different countries demonstrated that treatment needs were not properly met despite the fact that not all untreated teeth needed treatment. Treatment in emergency dental care was often inadequate or inappropriate. With the exception of lay people, teachers, medical personnel and even dentists performed inadequate care. Furthermore, information to the public was insufficient. Despite a low level of knowledge, lay people expressed a strong interest in helping someone with a TDI. The conclusion from this review is that consideration must be given the problematic results from different studies on education or information about dental trauma care. Despite that the studies reviewed were from different countries and groups of people, the results seem to be consistent, i.e. that a large part of the educational process of professional caregivers and lay people has failed. Too much hope seems to be put on lay people to handle difficult cases such as tooth avulsion. Education of caregivers and lay people is a field where much remains to be explored.
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| 8. |
- Malmgren, B., et al.
(författare)
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International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 3. Injuries in the primary dentition
- 2012
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Ingår i: Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-4469. ; 28:3, s. 174-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traumatic injuries to the primary dentition present special problems and the management is often different as compared with the permanent dentition. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed a consensus statement after a review of the dental literature and group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialities were included in the task group. In cases where the data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinion or majority decision of the task group. Finally, the IADT board members were giving their opinion and approval. The primary goal of these guidelines is to delineate an approach for the immediate or urgent care for management of primary teeth injuries. The IADT cannot and does not guarantee favorable outcomes from strict adherence to the guidelines, but believe that their application can maximize the chances of a positive outcome.
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| 11. |
- Cvek, Miomir, et al.
(författare)
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Conservative Endodontic Treatment of Teeth Fractured in the Middle or Apical Part of the Root
- 2004
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Ingår i: Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 20:5, s. 261-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- According to treatment type, root-fractured teeth with pulp necrosis or exposed pulps were divided into five groups, group 1: 17 teeth in which the root canal of the coronal fragment only was filled with gutta-percha (GP); group 2: seven teeth in which the root canals of the coronal and apical fragments were both filled with GP; group 3: 19 teeth in which the coronal fragment was filled with GP and the apical fragment was surgically removed; group 4: 68 teeth where the root canal of the coronal fragment was treated with calcium hydroxide and subsequently filled with GP; and group 5: five vital teeth with root and concomitant crown fractures in which the exposed pulps were treated by partial pulpotomy. The frequency of periodontal healing was 76% in group 1, zero in group 2, 68% in group 3 and 86% in group 4. Compared with groups 1 and 2 combined, healing in group 4 was significantly more frequent. In groups 1, 2 and 4, failures occurred sig-nificantly more often in teeth showing overfilling, i.e. protrusion of GP into the space between the fragments, compared with teeth without overfilling. All five teeth in group 5 showed healing. It was concluded that root canal filling with GP of the coronal fragment only, with or without surgical removal of the apical fragment, can be successful in selected cases. Treatment of the root canal with calcium hydroxide followed by GP filling appears to be the treatment of choice in root-fractured non-vital teeth. Partial pulpotomy of exposed pulps in five teeth showed results similar to root-unfractured teeth with pulp exposure treated with this technique.
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| 15. |
- Fridström, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating Emdogain and healing of replanted teeth using an intra-individual experimental-control study design
- 2008
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Ingår i: Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 24, s. 299-304
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the present investigation was to use an intra-individual experimental-control study design to explore if application of Emdogain prior to re-plantation after a dry extra-alveolar period of 60 min would promote a favorable healing of the periodontal ligament cells. Ten patients, for whom already decisions had been taken to extract two maxillary premolars because of crowding, participated in the study. The teeth were extracted and endodontic treatment was performed extra orally. The experimental tooth and its alveolar socket were covered with Emdogain prior to replantation. The contra lateral tooth served as a control and was replanted without any prior treatment. The teeth were stabilized with a retainer for 3-7 days and the patients were followed up every third week. After 13 weeks, the teeth were finally extracted and prepared for histological examination. Radiographs were taken before the study period, at day 29 and prior to the final extraction. The results were in favor of Emdogain, but the overall difference between the Emdogain-treated tooth and its control was rather small, and it seemed questionable if the registered differences could be of any obvious practical clinical importance. Histologically, all the teeth showed some degree of pathology after such a long dry extra-oral time and the outcome seemed to be more correlated to the individual than to the treatment. Given more favorable conditions regarding storage medium and/or extra-oral time, Emdogain might still be of value for an uncomplicated healing after replantation.
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| 16. |
- Glendor, Ulf
(författare)
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Aetiology and risk factors related to traumatic dental injuries - a review of the literature
- 2009
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Ingår i: DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY. - : Wiley. - 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 25:1, s. 19-31
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- During the past 30 years, the number of aetiologies of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) has increased dramatically in the literature and now includes a broad spectrum of variables, including oral and environmental factors and human behaviour. The aim of this study is to present an international review of well-known as well as less well-known unintentional and intentional causes of TDIs. Moreover, some models that are useful in investigating contact sport injuries are presented. The databases of Medline, Cochrane, Social Citation Index, Science Citation Index and CINAHL from 1995 to the present were used. Oral factors (increased overjet with protrusion), environmental determinants (material deprivation) and human behaviour (risk-taking children, children being bullied, emotionally stressful conditions, obesity and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder) were found to increase the risk for TDIs. Other factors increasing the risk for TDIs are presence of illness, learning difficulties, physical limitations and inappropriate use of teeth. A new cause of TDIs that is of particular interest is oral piercing. In traffic facial injury was similar in unrestrained occupants (no seat belts) and occupants restrained only with an air bag. Amateur athletes have been found to suffer from TDIs more often than professional athletes. Falls and collisions mask intentional TDIs, such as physical abuse, assaults and torture. Violence has increased in severity during the past few decades and its role has been underestimated when looking at intentional vs unintentional TDIs. There are useful models to prevent TDIs from occurring in sports. WHO Healthy Cities and WHO Health Promoting Schools Programmes offer a broad solution for dental trauma as a public health problem. The number of known causes of TDIs has grown to alarming levels, probably because of increased interest of the causes and the underlying complexity of a TDI. Accepted oral, environmental and human aetiological factors must therefore be included in the registration of TDIs.
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| 17. |
- Glendor, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Direct and indirect time spent on care of dental trauma : a 2-year prospective study of children and adolescents
- 2000
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Ingår i: Endodontics and dental traumatology. - : Wiley. - 0109-2502 .- 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 16:1, s. 16-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to account for the total time spent by professional care-givers (direct time) and by patients and companions engaged as support and help (indirect time) to treat and otherwise attend to children and adolescents with dental trauma to primary and permanent teeth. The study was based on a random sample of 192 children and adolescents with dental traumas reported to an insurance company and prospectively followed up by telephone interviews over a period of 2 years after the trauma episode. On average, direct time represented 16% of total time for all visits for dental trauma to permanent teeth and 11% for trauma to primary teeth. The most extensive type of indirect time was transport time, which took up 30% of the total time spent on injuries to permanent teeth and 36% for injuries to primary teeth. Multiple regression analysis of the impact of dental and demographic injury variables on the time variables showed that complicated trauma was associated with extended time, direct as well as indirect, for permanent and primary teeth injuries. Our estimate of the average relative increase in total time spent by patients and companions in cases of complicated injury to permanent teeth was 117% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52-211) for patients and 112% (95% CI, 42-217) for companions. For transport time a strong predictor was access to a dental clinic near the place of residence. Lack of access could extend the average transport time by 180% (95% CI, 80-335) for patients and 163% (95% CI, 67-317) for their companions in cases of injuries to primary teeth.
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| 18. |
- Glendor, Ulf
(författare)
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Epidemiology of traumatic dental injuries--a 12 year review of the literature
- 2008
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Ingår i: Dental traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 24:6, s. 603-611
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several reports have been published during the past decades showing a lack of care of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) as well as dentists and lay people having insufficient knowledge on how to manage TDIs. This situation could seriously affect the outcome of TDIs, especially a complicated TDI. The overall aim of this study was to present a review of dental trauma care with focus on treatment and dentists and lay persons lack of knowledge on how to manage a TDI. A further aim is to introduce the actors involved and the outcome of their education. The databases Medline, Cochrane, SSCI, SCI and CINAHL from the year 1995 to the present were used. Focus was on treatment need, inadequate care, lack of knowledge and poor organization of emergency care. Studies from different countries demonstrated that treatment needs were not properly met despite the fact that not all untreated teeth needed treatment. Treatment in emergency dental care was often inadequate or inappropriate. With the exception of lay people, teachers, medical personnel and even dentists performed inadequate care. Furthermore, information to the public was insufficient. Despite a low level of knowledge, lay people expressed a strong interest in helping someone with a TDI. The conclusion from this review is that consideration must be given the problematic results from different studies on education or information about dental trauma care. Despite that the studies reviewed were from different countries and groups of people, the results seem to be consistent, i.e. that a large part of the educational process of professional caregivers and lay people has failed. Too much hope seems to be put on lay people to handle difficult cases such as tooth avulsion. Education of caregivers and lay people is a field where much remains to be explored.
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| 19. |
- Hallman, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Bone replacement following dental trauma prior to implant surgery--status.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-9657 .- 1600-4469. ; 25:1, s. 2-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dento-alveolar trauma often leads to a need for reconstruction of the alveolar crest before an implant can be placed. Although autogenous bone grafts is considered the 'gold standard', this may be associated with patient morbidity and graft resorption. Consequently, the use of bone substitutes has increased. Today, a substantial number of biomaterials are available on the market, but only a few are well documented. The user should be aware that these biomaterials have different properties: resorbable or non-resorbable, time of resorption and resorption mechanism. The purpose of this review is to describe the function of various bone substitutes and indications for their use in reconstructive implant surgery and to give an overview of the current situation.
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| 20. |
- Kamburoğlu, Kivanç, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of limited cone-beam computed tomography in the detection of horizontal root fracture
- 2009
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Ingår i: Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-9657 .- 1600-4469. ; 25:3, s. 256-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To compare the diagnostic accuracy of conventional film radiography, charge coupled device (CCD) and photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) digital images and limited cone-beam computed tomography in detecting simulated horizontal root fracture. Root fractures were created in the horizontal plane in 18 teeth by a mechanical force and fragments were relocated. Another 18 intact teeth with no horizontal root fracture served as a control group. Thirty-six teeth were placed in the respective empty maxillary anterior sockets of a human dry skull in groups three by three. Intraoral radiographs were obtained in three different vertical views by utilizing Eastman Kodak E-speed film, CCD sensor, RVG 5.0 Trophy and a PSP sensor Digora, Optime. Cone beam CT images were taken with a unit (3D Accuitomo; J Morita MFG. Corp, Kyoto, Japan). Three dental radiologists separately examined the intraoral film, PSP, CCD and cone beam CT images for the presence of horizontal root fracture. Specificity and sensitivity for each radiographic technique were calculated. Kappa statistics was used for assessing the agreement between observers. Chi-square statistics was used to determine whether there were differences between the systems. Results were considered significant at P < 0.05. Cone beam CT images revealed significantly higher sensitivities (P < 0.05) than the intraoral systems between which no significant differences were found. Specificities did not show any statistically significant differences between any of the four systems. The kappa values for inter-observer agreement between observers (four pairs) ranged between 0.82–0.90 for the 3DX evaluations and between 0.63–0.71 for the different types of intraoral images. Limited cone beam CT, outperformed the two-dimensional intraoral, conventional as well as digital, radiographic methods in detecting simulated horizontal root fracture.
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| 21. |
- Magunacelaya, Macarena B, et al.
(författare)
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Surfing for mouth guards : assessing quality of online information
- 2011
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Ingår i: Dental Traumatology. - : John Wiley and Sons. - 1600-4469 .- 1600-9657. ; 27:5, s. 334-343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The Internet is an easily accessible and commonly used source of health-related information, but evaluations of the quality of this information within the dental trauma field are still lacking. Aim: The aims of this study are (i) to present the most current scientific knowledge regarding mouth guards used in sport activities, (ii) to suggest a scoring system to evaluate the quality of information pertaining to mouth guard protection related to World Wide Web sites and (iii) to employ this scoring system when seeking reliable mouth guard-related websites. Materials and methods: First, an Internet search using the keywords athletic injuries/prevention and control and mouth protector or mouth guards in English was performed on PubMed, Cochrane, SvedMed+ and Web of Science to identify scientific knowledge about mouth guards. Second, an Internet search using the keywords consumer health information Internet, Internet information public health and web usage-seeking behaviour was performed on PubMed and Web of Science to obtain scientific articles seeking to evaluate the quality of health information on the Web. Based on the articles found in the second search, two scoring systems were selected. Then, an Internet search using the keywords mouth protector, mouth guards and gum shields in English was performed on the search engines Google, MSN and Yahoo. The websites selected were evaluated for reliability and accuracy. Results: Of the 223 websites retrieved, 39 were designated valid and evaluated. Nine sites scored 22 or higher. The mean total score of the 39 websites was 14.2. Fourteen websites scored higher than the mean total score, and 25 websites scored less. The highest total score, presented by a Public Institution Web site (Health Canada), was 31 from a maximum possible score of 34, and the lowest score was 0. Conclusion: This study shows that there is a high amount of information about mouth guards on the Internet but that the quality of this information varies. It should be the responsibility of health care professionals to suggest and provide reliable Internet URL addresses to patients. In addition, an appropriate search terminology and search strategy should be made available to persons who want to search beyond the recommended sites.
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| 23. |
- Mordenfeld, Arne, et al.
(författare)
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Tissue reactions to subperiosteal onlays of demineralized xenogenous dentin blocks in rats.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-9657 .- 1600-4469.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract- Objectives: This study was undertaken to examine the influence of partial demineralization of xenogenous dentin on bone formation in an osteoconductive environment. Materials and methods: Sixty dentin blocks, 2-3mm thick and 4mm in diameter, were prepared from developing teeth of young pigs. Forty blocks were demineralized in 24% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (pH 7.0) for 1, 2, 6 or 12h. Forty adult rats divided into eight groups with five rats in each group were used. A sagittal midcranial incision was made from the occipital to the frontal region. Through a subperiostal dissection, a pocket was created on each side of the skull. One demineralized block was placed on one side, and a non-demineralized block was placed on the contralateral side, or the pocket was left empty as controls. Thus, eight experimental groups with five rats in each were formed. Results: Resorption increased significantly with increasing degree of demineralization while bone formation increased significantly with increasing degree of demineralization, provided inflammation was compensated for. This suggests an important role for inflammation or infection control during the healing period of osteogenic implants to optimize osseous integration in an osteoconductive environment. Conclusion: Partial demineralization of xenogenous dentin blocks may provide a method for optimizing the integration of dentin onlays in an osteoconductive environment, thus stabilizing the implant and slowing down replacement resorption.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Schatz, Jean-Paul, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of traumatic injuries to permanent dentition and its association with overjet in a Swiss child population.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Dental traumatology : official publication of International Association for Dental Traumatology. - : Wiley. - 1600-9657. ; 29:2, s. 110-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Dental trauma is a very common issue in dentistry and its occurrence has been related to many factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries in the permanent dentition among Swiss children and its association with overjet. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A sample of 1900 children aged 6-13years was prospectively evaluated to determine the number and types of injuries, the influence of overjet on the risk of suffering trauma and the relationships between trauma, age, gender and life conditions. RESULTS: The observed prevalence of trauma was higher for boys, with a slight risk increase with age and a peak frequency at the age of 10years. Most of the injuries (91.2%) involved the upper front teeth; 87.2% of all injuries were hard tissue injuries (enamel or dentin fractures), and 12.8% only subluxation and luxation injuries. Children with an overjet of 6mm or more had a four times higher risk of suffering trauma, compared with those with less overjet. CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional study confirmed most of the results from earlier studies dealing with epidemiological factors of dental injuries to the permanent dentition. Of all the variables analysed, overjet stood out as the most significant risk factor: an increased overjet of 6mm or more had a major impact on the risk of trauma, which would speak in favour of early orthodontic correction of an increased overjet to reduce the prevalence of dental trauma.
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