| 1. |
- Angelin, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Qdenga® - A promising dengue fever vaccine; can it be recommended to non-immune travelers?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier. - 1477-8939 .- 1873-0442. ; 54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Qdenga® has been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for individuals > 4 years of age and for use according to national recommendations. The vaccine shows high efficacy against virologically confirmed dengue and severe dengue in clinical studies on 4–16-year old's living in endemic areas. For individuals 16–60 years old only serological data exists and there is no data for individuals > 60 years. Its use as a travel vaccine is still unclear. We present the studies behind the approval and the recommendations for travelers as issued by the Swedish Society for Infectious Diseases Physicians.
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| 2. |
- Angelin, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for colonization with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthcare students on clinical assignment abroad : A prospective study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-8939 .- 1873-0442. ; 13:3, s. 223-229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The increase of antibiotic resistance in clinically important bacteria is a worldwide threat, especially in healthcare environments. International travel is a risk factor for gut colonization with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE). The risk for healthcare students of being colonized with ESBL-PE when participating in patient-related work abroad has not been previously investigated. Methods: Swedish healthcare students travelling for pre-clinical and clinical courses outside Scandinavia submitted faecal samples and survey data before and after travel. The faecal samples were screened for ESBL-PE and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE). Screening results and survey data were analysed to identify risk factors for colonization. Results: In the 99 subjects who submitted a full set of samples, 35% were colonized with a new ESBL-PE strain during travel. No CPE was found. The most important risk factor for ESBL-PE colonization was travel destination, and the highest colonization rate was found in the South East Asia region. Antibiotic treatment during travel was an independent risk factor for ESBL-PE colonization but patient-related work was not significantly associated with an increased risk. Conclusions: Patient-related work abroad was not a risk factor for ESBL-PE suggesting that transmission from patients is uncommon. Pre-travel advice on avoiding unnecessary antibiotic treatment during travel is recommended.
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| 3. |
- Askling, Helena H., et al.
(författare)
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Hepatitis A vaccine for immunosuppressed patients with rheumatoid arthritis : a prospective, open-label, multi-centre study
- 2014
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-8939 .- 1873-0442. ; 12:2, s. 134-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hepatitis A vaccine is the most frequently used travel vaccine, yet data are scarce about its ability to induce protection in patients with concurrent immunosuppressive treatment. We assessed the immunogenicity of this vaccine in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with tumour necrosis factor-inhibitors (TNFi) and/or methotrexate (MTX).METHODS: Hepatitis A vaccine was administered to non-immune RA patients at 0 and 6 months. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies were assessed at 0, 1, 6, 7, 12, and 24 months with a quantitative Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immuno Assay (CMIA) for HAV-IgG. Samples from month 1, 6, and 7 were, in addition, analysed with a microparticle EIA (MEIA) for anti-HAV IgM + IgG.RESULTS: The final study population consisted of 53 patients treated with TNFi (n = 15), TNFi + MTX (n = 21) or MTX (n = 17). One and six months after the first dose, 10% and 33% of the patients had attained seroprotection. One and six months after the second dose 83% and 72% were seroprotected. At month 24, 86% of the vaccinees showed protective levels.CONCLUSIONS: Two doses of hepatitis A vaccine at a 6-month interval provided protection for most immunosuppressed RA patients. A single dose does not seem to afford sufficient protection to this group of patients.
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| 6. |
- Askling, HH
(författare)
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The importance of influenza diagnosis
- 2015
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Ingår i: Travel medicine and infectious disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-0442 .- 1477-8939. ; 13:5, s. 353-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Dahlman, Disa, et al.
(författare)
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Female Swedish backpackers in Vietnam: A hypotheses generating study on sexual health risks while travelling.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-0442 .- 1477-8939. ; 11:4, s. 243-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: According to previous studies, foreign travellers and backpackers are at increased risk of sexually transmitted infections (STI). Concurrently, STI incidence, especially Chlamydia, is increasing among young Swedes. Our objective was to investigate Swedish backpackers' own view of sexual health and risks while travelling, with the purpose to identify hypotheses for further, more extensive research. METHOD: In-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out in Vietnam with four Swedish women in their early twenties. The interviewees had been travelling throughout South East Asia for a period of at least two weeks. RESULTS: There were large differences between the respondents regarding perceived health risks in relation to food safety, STI, and alcohol and drug use; and to what extent their behaviour while travelling deviated from their normal one. In contrast, the interviewees shared a perceived lack of knowledge about sexual health abroad. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified six hypotheses and suggestions for preventive measures that could be analysed in future research. The study demonstrated that sexual behaviour as well as attitudes and norms were strongly linked to the individual level, rather than to the group of backpackers.
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| 13. |
- Kampmann, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Changes to human faecal microbiota after international travel
- 2021
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier. - 1477-8939 .- 1873-0442. ; 44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:The aim was to investigate whether travelling to less-resourced destinations influences the faecal microbiota in generally healthy adults.Method:In this prospective observational study, 47 adults (median age, 24 years; 73% females) travelled from Sweden to distant destinations for 1-12 weeks. Five faecal samples, two before and three after travel, were analysed by 16S amplicon massive parallel sequencing. Subjects had taken no antibiotics within three months of each sampling. Results:The overall composition of the faecal microbiota was not affected by travel. However, when looking at the relative abundance of individual bacterial taxa, Enterobacteriaceae demonstrated a 10-fold increase immediately after the trip as compared to the samples taken before travelling. Conversely, the relative abundance of Christensenellaceae had decreased equally much. Both of these changes were reversible within nine weeks. Conclusions:International travel, even to less-resourced countries, did not appear to alter the overall diversity of human faecal microbiota as studied here after travelling. However, Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, often associated with infection, inflammation and antibiotic resistance, showed dramatically elevated levels, and Christensenellaceae, frequently associated with healthy conditions, demonstrated remarkably declined levels in relative abundance as detected immediately after travel. In both cases, these changes returned to original pre-travel levels within nine weeks.
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| 18. |
- Laaveri, Tinja, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic review of loperamide : No proof of antibiotics being superior to loperamide in treatment of mild/moderate travellers' diarrhoea
- 2016
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-8939 .- 1873-0442. ; 14:4, s. 299-312
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Looking at the worldwide emergency of antimicrobial resistance, international travellers appear to have a central role in spreading the bacteria across the globe. Travellers' diarrhoea (TD) is the most common disease encountered by visitors to the (sub) tropics. Both TD and its treatment with antibiotics have proved significant independent risk factors of colonization by resistant intestinal bacteria while travelling. Travellers should therefore be given preventive advice regarding TD and cautioned about taking antibiotics: mild or moderate TD does not require antibiotics. Logical alternatives are medications with effects on gastrointestinal function, such as loperamide. The present review explores literature on loperamide in treating TD. Adhering to manufacturer's dosage recommendations, loperamide offers a safe and effective alternative for relieving mild and moderate symptoms. Moreover, loperamide taken singly does no predispose to contracting MDR bacteria. Most importantly, we found no proof that would show antibiotics to be significantly more effective than loperamide in treating mild/moderate TD.
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| 22. |
- Moniuszko-Malinowska, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Anaplasma phagocytophilum presence in early Lyme borreliosis manifested by erythema migrans skin lesions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier. - 1477-8939 .- 1873-0442. ; 36, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To investigate to what extent early Lyme borreliosis patients with erythema migrans are infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Methods: Three hundred ten patients from Poland with erythema migrans were included in the study. One hundred and eighty-three patients (59%) agreed to have both skin biopsy and blood samples analysed for Borrelia burgdorferi, A. phagocytophilum and 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis', with PCR. Positive samples were confirmed with sequencing. Results: B. burgdorferi DNA was detected in 49.7% of the skin samples and in 1.1% of the blood samples. A. phagocytophilum DNA was found in 7.1% blood samples, and in 8.2% of the skin biopsies. In four patients, A. phagocytophilum DNA was detected only in blood; in one case A. phagocytophilum DNA was found simultaneously in blood and skin, and additionally in this patients' blood Borrelia DNA was detected. In four skin samples B. burgdorferi DNA was detected simultaneously with A. phagocytophilum DNA, indicative of a co-infection. Conclusions: A. phagocytophilum may be present in early Lyme borreliosis characterized by erythema migrans and should always be considered as a differential diagnostic following a tick bite and considered in treatment schemes, as these differs (in early stage of Lyme borreliosis doxycycline, amoxicillin, cefuroxime axetil and azithromycin are recommended, while in anaplasmosis the most effective courses of treatment are doxycycline, rifampin and levofloxacin). Consequently, the role of A. phagocytophilum in erythema migrans should be further studied.
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| 25. |
- Persson, K. I., et al.
(författare)
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Place and practice: Sexual risk behaviour while travelling abroad among Swedish men who have sex with men
- 2018
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Ingår i: Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-8939 .- 1873-0442. ; 25, s. 58-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The proportion of newly diagnosed HIV and STI cases among men who have sex with men (MSM) that were contracted abroad has been increasing in Sweden. The present study explored factors associated with casual unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) and travelling abroad among MSM. Methods: A cross-sectional stratified survey with 2751 MSM was conducted. The frequency of sexual practices among men who had casual UAI abroad (< 12 months) with that of men who had casual UAI only in Sweden were compared and factors associated with casual UAI abroad were identified through regression analysis. Results: Factors associated with casual UAI abroad within the previous 12 months were: visit a gay sauna (OR 6.15, 95% CI 3.43-11.06), visit gay cafe/bar/pub (OR 3.24, 95% CI 1.62-6.48), experience of UAI with a foreign visitor (OR 4.80, 95% CI 2.37-9.75), living with HIV (OR 2.73, 95% CI 1.15-6.48), reporting poor overall health (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.13-4.44), being born outside Sweden (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.08-4.53), and being vaccinated against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, or both (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.13-3.27). Conclusion: MSM who engage in casual UAI abroad need to increase their understanding of related risks and that risk varies with place and practice. Health care professionals should address the preventive needs of traveling MSM and offer counselling and STI-preventive measures.
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