| 1. |
- Bachert, C, et al.
(författare)
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ICON: chronic rhinosinusitis
- 2014
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Ingår i: The World Allergy Organization journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1939-4551. ; 7:1, s. 25-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence trends in respiratory symptoms and asthma in relation to smoking : two cross-sectional studies ten years apart among adults in northern Sweden
- 2014
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1939-4551. ; 7:1, s. 1-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Smoking is considered to be the single most important preventable risk factor for respiratory symptoms. Estimating prevalence of respiratory symptoms is important since they most often precede a diagnosis of an obstructive airway disease, which places a major burden on the society. The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence trends of respiratory symptoms and asthma among Swedish adults, in relation to smoking habits. A further aim was to estimate the proportion of respiratory symptom and asthma prevalence attributable to smoking.METHODS: Data from two large-scale cross-sectional surveys among adults performed in northern Sweden in 1996 and 2006 were analysed. Identical methods and the same questionnaire were used in both surveys. The association between smoking, respiratory symptoms and asthma was analysed with multiple logistic regression analyses. Changes in prevalence of respiratory symptoms and asthma from 1996 to 2006 were expressed as odds ratios. Additionally, the population attributable risks of smoking were estimated.RESULTS: The prevalence of most respiratory symptoms decreased significantly from 1996 to 2006. Longstanding cough decreased from 12.4 to 10.1%, sputum production from 19.0 to 15.0%, chronic productive cough from 7.3 to 6.2%, and recurrent wheeze from 13.4 to 12.0%. Any wheeze and asthmatic wheeze remained unchanged. This parallels to a decrease in smoking from 27.4 to 19.1%. In contrast, physician-diagnosed asthma increased from 9.4 to 11.6%. The patterns were similar after correction for confounders. All respiratory symptoms were highly associated with smoking, and the proportion of respiratory symptoms in the population attributed to smoking (PAR) ranged from 9.8 to 25.5%. In 2006, PAR of smoking was highest for recurrent wheeze (20.6%).CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we found that respiratory symptoms, in particular symptoms common in bronchitis, decreased among adults in northern Sweden, parallel to a decrease in smoking from 1996 to 2006. In contrast, the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma increased during the same time-period. Up to one fourth of the respiratory symptom prevalence in the population was attributable to smoking.
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| 4. |
- Yamamoto-Hanada, Kiwako, et al.
(författare)
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IgE responses to multiple allergen components among school-aged children in a general population birth cohort in Tokyo
- 2020
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1939-4551. ; 13:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Response patterns to allergen components among Japanese children have not been studied extensively. Objective: Our aim was to examine the differences in sensitization patterns at ages 5 years and 9 years to identify longitudinal changes in the degree and patterns of sensitization in a birth cohort of Japanese children. Methods: Our study enrolled 984 children at aged 5 years between 2008 and 2010, and 729 children aged 9 years between 2012 and 2014. Allergic diseases were assessed using the ISAAC and UK Working Party's Diagnostic Criteria. Serum-specific IgE titers to allergen components were measured by multiplex array ImmunoCAP ISAC when the children were aged 5 and 9 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to characterize IgE sensitization to allergen components. Results: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased considerably over time (10.6%-31.2%). Furthermore, the sensitization prevalence to allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) also increased from 57.8% at age 5 years to 74.8% at age 9 years. IgE sensitization prevalence to Der f 1 (mites) was 42.1% at age 5 years and 54.3% at age 9 years. Furthermore, children were highly sensitized to Cry j 1 (Japanese cedar) (32.8% at age 5 years and 57.8% at age 9 years). Principle component analysis showed that sensitization to PR-10 cross-reactive components was independent of sensitization to mite and that no children acquired sensitization to pollen before acquiring sensitization to mite. Conclusions: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis and related allergen components increased from age 5 years to age 9 years in Japanese children.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Emelie, et al.
(författare)
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Disease burden and unmet need for acute allergic reactions - A patient perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1939-4551. ; 17:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Acute allergic reactions (AARs) occur shortly after exposure to an allergen, and the severity is on a continuum. Systemic corticosteroids (CS) are mainstay treatment of moderate to severe AARs, whereas those at risk of the most severe AARs (ie, anaphylaxis) are also recommended prescription of epinephrine autoinjectors. There is limited research on the impact of AARs not fulfilling the criteria for anaphylaxis. We have characterized a sample with a history of moderate to severe AARs and evaluated their self-reported disease burden (ie, daily life impact, anxiety, and treatment impediments).Methods: Survey study of adults with experience of AARs treated with CS. Participants recruited from a web-based panel and using social media were asked to complete a questionnaire related to their allergy and experience of AARs. The results were summarized for the whole sample and across subgroups with and without prescription of epinephrine.Results: The final study sample included 387 participants (80% women, mean age 41), of which 129 (33%) had at some point been prescribed epinephrine. The most common symptoms were respiratory (80%) and skin (78%) manifestations, and the mean (standard deviation, SD) self-rated severity score (scale from 0 [very mild] to 10 [very severe]) of the most recent AAR was 6.1 (2.0). More than 80% had experience of AARs interrupting daily activities and 50% of AARs that had limited work/studies or participation in leisure activities. Most of the respondents reported some degree of anxiety related to AARs and 43% had feared for their lives. Moreover, difficulties swallowing allergy medicine at an AAR was experienced by 26% and not having the medicine available when needed by 66%. Participants with prescription of epinephrine experienced more severe AARs than those without such prescription (mean [SD] severity 6.8 [2.1] vs 5.8 [1.8], p < 0.0001); however, also those without epinephrine prescription reported considerable anxiety and impact on daily life and to a similar degree as those with prescription.Conclusions: In this sample, subjects with experience of AARs treated with CS showed a considerable disease burden with anxiety and interruption on daily life, as well as problems related to access to, and swallowing of, medication. Although respondents with epinephrine prescription had more severe disease, a high disease burden was also evident among those without epinephrine. The study increases the knowledge of people with moderate to severe AARs, a patient population that has previously been underrepresented in the research literature.
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| 8. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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FEV1 decline in relation to blood eosinophils and neutrophils in a population-based asthma cohort
- 2020
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1939-4551. ; 13:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The relationship between lung function decline and eosinophils and neutrophils has important therapeutic implications among asthmatics, but it has rarely been studied in large cohort studies.Objective: The aim is to study the relationship between blood eosinophils and neutrophils and FEV1 decline in a long-term follow-up of a population-based adult asthma cohort.Methods: In 2012-2014, an adult asthma cohort was invited to a follow-up including spirometry, blood sampling, and structured interviews, and n = 892 participated (55% women, mean age 59 y, 32-92 y). Blood eosinophils, neutrophils and FEV 1 decline were analyzed both as continuous variables and divided into categories with different cut-offs. Regression models adjusted for smoking, exposure to vapors, gas, dust, or fumes (VGDF), use of inhaled and oral corticosteroids, and other possible confounders were utilized to analyze the relationship between eosinophils and neutrophils at follow-up and FEV1 decline.Results: The mean follow-up time was 18 years, and the mean FEV 1 decline was 27 ml/year. The annual FEV1 decline was related to higher levels of both blood eosinophils and neutrophils at follow-up, but only the association with eosinophils remained when adjusted for confounders. Further, the association between FEV1 decline and eosinophils was stronger among those using ICS. With EOS <0.3 × 109/L as reference, a more rapid decline in FEV1 was independently related to EOS ≥0.4 × 109/L in adjusted analyses.Conclusions and clinical relevance: Besides emphasizing the importance of smoking cessation and reduction of other harmful exposures, our real-world results indicate that there is an independent relationship between blood eosinophils and FEV1 decline among adults with asthma.
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| 9. |
- Borres, Magnus P., 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Recent advances in diagnosing and managing nut allergies with focus on hazelnuts, walnuts, and cashew nuts
- 2022
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1939-4551. ; 15:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tree nuts are a powerful and common source of food allergens that induce IgE-mediated allergic reactions. Health authorities endorse the intake of tree nuts because they are regarded as nutritious. Allergic reactions to nuts can lead to severe and occasionally lethal reactions. Allergies to tree nuts are observed worldwide and are found in up to 4.9% of people in unspecific populations. Over the last 2 decades, the rates of allergic reactions and anaphylaxis have increased in different countries. Most proteins implicated in tree nut allergic reactions are members of the lipid transfer protein, 2S albumin, vicilin, legumin, and oleosin protein families. Bet v 1 homologs and profilins are involved in pollen-related tree nut allergies. Systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses on the diagnostic accuracy of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) for commercially available nut components have recently been published. IgE testing of the storage proteins Cor a 14, Cor a 9, Jug r 1, and Ana o 3 increases diagnostic specificity in assessing hazelnut, walnut, and cashew allergies in children, respectively. The resolution of tree nut allergies has been reported; however, only a few studies are available in this regard. Complete avoidance of nuts is the safest approach for nutallergic subjects. However, this is difficult to achieve and can result in a severely restricted diet. Patients can eat nuts that they know are safe at home, but should avoid them when eating out because of the risk of cross-contamination. Nuts have become part of a modern healthy diet, and this enhanced consumption is reflected in an increased prevalence of nut allergies.
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| 12. |
- Caraballo, L, et al.
(författare)
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Particularities of allergy in the Tropics
- 2016
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Ingår i: The World Allergy Organization journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1939-4551. ; 9, s. 20-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 13. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Dreborg, Sten, 1933-
(författare)
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Debates in allergy medicine : food intolerance does not exist.
- 2015
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1939-4551. ; 8:37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The term "intolerance" is not mentioned in the World Allergy Organization (WAO) document on allergy nomenclature. "Intolerance" has been used to describe some non-immunological diseases. However, pediatric gastroenterologists mix allergy and intolerance, e.g. by using the term "cow's milk protein allergy/intolerance (CMPA/I)", lumping together all types of mechanisms for not tolerating cow's milk. The basis for this mix is the fact that double-blind oral food challenges are time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, cow's milk exclusion and reintroduction is proposed to be used in primary care for the diagnosis of CMPA in children with common gastrointestinal (GI) problems such as colic and constipation. This may lead to a widespread use of hypoallergenic formulas in children without proven CMPA. In lay language, intolerance describes "not tolerating".OBJECTIVE: To discuss the reasons why the term "intolerance" should not be used in the area of allergy.RESULTS: Presently, intolerance is not part of the allergy nomenclature. It is used by lay persons to describe "not tolerating". Pediatricians use intolerance to describe non-immunological hypersensitivity such as lactose intolerance which is acceptable. However, using the mixed term CMPA/I describing a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms in children, should be avoided. The WAO Nomenclature does not clearly distinguish between non-IgE-mediated allergy and non-allergic hypersensitivity.CONCLUSION: The term "intolerance" should not be used within the area of allergy. Intolerance should be better defined and the term restricted to some non-immunological/non-allergic diseases and not mixed with allergy, e.g. by using the term CMPA/I. A revision of the WAO nomenclature is proposed.
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| 17. |
- Dubiela, P., et al.
(författare)
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Two patients with allergy to celery - Possible role of carbohydrate determinants and difference between seeds and tuber allergenicity
- 2022
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1939-4551. ; 15:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vegetables provide important nutrients but can also induce allergic symptoms. Celery tuber al-lergy frequently occurs in Central European countries and can cause allergic reactions including fatal anaphylactic shocks. There is little information about allergen content in seeds. Therefore, we analyzed 2 patients with allergic reaction after remoulade sauce consumption who entered the clinic for a diagnostic work-up. The routine diagnostic included serum derived specific IgE testing by ImmunoCAP, ImmunoCAP ISAC, and skin prick tests (SPTs). Furthermore, protein extracts were prepared from both celery tuber and celery seeds and IgE binding capacity of these extracts was assessed by immunoblots, ELISA, and rat basophil leukemia (RBL) assay. We also determined role of cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) by IgE inhibition ELISA. Results revealed distinct protein patterns from celery tuber and seed extracts, suggesting differences in content and quantity of allergenic proteins. IgE antibodies from both sera bound to high molecular weight (HMW) proteins on immunoblots and caused high basophil response, which was also observed upon addition of glycosylated proteins as horseradish peroxidase and Api g 5, respectively. Our results indicate that it is worth considering CCDs from plant foods as a possible allergenic factor and their contribution to the mugwort-celery syndrome.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Fiocchi, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Use of Probiotics in Pediatric Allergy (CUPPA) : A World Allergy Organization Position Paper
- 2012
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - 1939-4551. ; 5:11, s. 148-167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Probiotic administration has been proposed for the prevention and treatment of specific allergic manifestations such as eczema, rhinitis, gastrointestinal allergy, food allergy, and asthma. However, published statements and scientific opinions disagree about the clinical usefulness.Objective: A World Allergy Organization Special Committee on Food Allergy and Nutrition review of the evidence regarding the use of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of allergy.Methods:A qualitative and narrative review of the literature on probiotic treatment of allergic disease was carried out to address the diversity and variable quality of relevant studies. This variability precluded systematization, and an expert panel group discussion method was used to evaluate the literature. In the absence of systematic reviews of treatment, meta-analyses of prevention studies were used to provide data in support of probiotic applications.Results:Despite the plethora of literature, probiotic research is still in its infancy. There is a need for basic microbiology research on the resident human microbiota. Mechanistic studies from biology, immunology, and genetics are needed before we can claim to harness the potential of immune modulatory effects of microbiota. Meanwhile, clinicians must take a step back and try to link disease state with alterations of the microbiota through well-controlled long-term studies to identify clinical indications.Conclusions:Probiotics do not have an established role in the prevention or treatment of allergy. No single probiotic supplement or class of supplements has been demonstrated to efficiently influence the course of any allergic manifestation or long-term disease or to be sufficient to do so. Further epidemiologic, immunologic, microbiologic, genetic, and clinical studies are necessary to determine whether probiotic supplements will be useful in preventing allergy. Until then, supplementation with probiotics remains empirical in allergy medicine. In the future, basic research should focus on homoeostatic studies, and clinical research should focus on preventive medicine applications, not only in allergy. Collaborations between allergo-immunologists and microbiologists in basic research and a multidisciplinary approach in clinical research are likely to be the most fruitful.
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| 22. |
- Hisinger-Molkanen, H., et al.
(författare)
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Age at asthma diagnosis is related to prevalence and characteristics of asthma symptoms
- 2022
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Ingår i: World Allergy Organization Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1939-4551. ; 15:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although asthma may begin at any age, knowledge about relationship between asthma age of onset and the prevalence and character of different symptoms is scarce. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate if adult-diagnosed asthma is associated with more symptoms and different symptom profiles than child-diagnosed asthma.Methods: A FinEsS postal survey was conducted in a random sample of 16 000 20-69-year-old Finnish adults in 2016. Those reporting physician-diagnosed asthma and age at asthma diagnosis were included. Age 18 years was chosen to delineate child-and adult-diagnosed asthma.Results: Of responders (N = 8199, 51.5%), 842 (10.3%) reported asthma diagnosis. Adult -diagnosed asthma was reported by 499 (59.3%) and child-diagnosed by 343 (40.7%). Of re-sponders with adult-diagnosed and child-diagnosed asthma, 81.8% versus 60.6% used asthma medication (p < 0.001), respectively. Current asthma was also more prevalent in adult-diagnosed asthma (89.2% versus 72.0%, p < 0.001). Risk factors of attacks of breathlessness during the last 12 months were adult-diagnosis (OR = 2.41, 95% CI 1.64-3.54, p < 0.001), female gender (OR = 1.49, 1.07-2.08, p = 0.018), family history of asthma (OR = 1.48, 1.07-2.04, p = 0.018) and allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.49, 1.07-2.09, p = 0.019). All the analysed asthma symptoms, except dyspnea in exercise, were more prevalent in adult-diagnosed asthma in age-and gender-adjusted analyses (p = 0.032-<0.001) which was also more often associated with 5 or more asthma symptoms (p < 0.001) and less often with non-symptomatic appearance (p < 0.001) than child -diagnosed asthma.Conclusion: Responders with adult-diagnosed asthma had more often current asthma and a higher and multiform asthma symptom burden, although they used asthma medication more often compared to responders with child-diagnosed asthma.
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