| 1. |
- Isaksson, Sigrid, et al.
(författare)
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Inhibin B concentration is predictive for long-term azoospermia in men treated for testicular cancer.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2927 .- 2047-2919. ; 2:2, s. 252-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Azoospermia is a serious potential side effect following treatment for testicular cancer (TC). Our purpose was to examine possible predictors of long-term azoospermia in TC survivors. Ejaculates and blood samples were obtained from 217 patients at post-orchidectomy but before further treatment (T0 ) and/or at one or more of the time points 6, 12, 24, 36-60 months after treatment (T6 , T12 , T24 , T36-60 ). All patients delivered ejaculates at T36-60 , of which 117 also had confirmed presence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate at T0 , enabling longitudinal analyses. Types of therapy, cryptorchidism and Inhibin B before and after treatment were evaluated in relation to risk of azoospermia at T36 . Inhibin B levels at T6 , T12 and T24 were predictors of azoospermia at T36 with cut-off levels at 49.7, 55.9 and 97.8 ng/L respectively (sensitivity 100%, specificity 57-78%). The frequency of azoospermia in all patients at T36-60 was 7.8% (95% CI 4.9-12%). As compared to surveillance patients, only those receiving >4 cycles of chemotherapy or ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy + radiotherapy (RT) had increased risk of long-term azoospermia (63% vs. 4.4% in the surveillance group; p = 0.0018). In conclusion, all patients with sperm production at post-orchidectomy but before further treatment and Inhibin B >56 ng/L 12 months after treatment had sperm production 3 years post-treatment. Eight per cent of TC survivors had azoospermia 3-5 years post-treatment, with highest risk in those receiving >4 cycles of chemotherapy or ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy in combination with RT.
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| 2. |
- Oleszczuk, Krzysztof, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of high DNA fragmentation index in male partners of unexplained infertile couples.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2927 .- 2047-2919. ; 1:3, s. 357-360
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) parameter DNA fragmentation Index (DFI) is a valuable tool for prediction of fertility in vivo. Clinical data show that a DFI above 30% is associated with very low chance for achieving pregnancy by natural conception or by insemination. Already when DFI is above 20% the chance of natural pregnancy is reduced, this despite normal conventional semen parameters. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of high DFI in male partners of unexplained infertile couples to further identification of male factors contributing to subfertility. Among 212 consecutive men under infertility investigation, 122 cases with the diagnosis 'unexplained infertility' were identified. For all but three, SCSA data were available. The percentage of couples with diagnosis 'unexplained infertility' in which the male partner has DFI >20% or DFI >30% was calculated. In the group diagnosed with 'unexplained infertility' 17.7% of the men (95% CI 10.8-24.5) presented with 20 ≤DFI <30 and 8.4% (95% CI 3.40-13.4) had DFI ≥30%. A significant part of men diagnosed as unexplained infertile according to traditional diagnostic methods has remarkably high degrees of fragmented sperm DNA. Apart from adding to our understanding of biology of infertility our finding has clinical implications. Couples in which the DFI of the male partner is high can avoid prolonged attempts to become spontaneously pregnant or referral for intrauterine insemination, both having low chances of leading to conception.
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| 3. |
- Kaspersen, M. D., et al.
(författare)
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No increased sperm DNA fragmentation index in semen containing human papillomavirus or herpesvirus
- 2013
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2927 .- 2047-2919. ; 1:3, s. 361-364
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It remains unknown whether human papillomaviruses (HPVs) or human herpesviruses (HHVs) in semen affect sperm DNA integrity. We investigated whether the presence of these viruses in semen was associated with an elevated sperm DNA fragmentation index. Semen from 76 sperm donors was examined by a PCR-based hybridization array that identifies all HHVs and 35 of the most common HPVs. Sperm DNA integrity was determined by the sperm chromatin structure assay. HPVs or HHVs, or both, were found in 57% of semen samples; however, sperm DNA fragmentation index was not increased in semen containing these viruses.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Anand-Ivell, Ravinder, et al.
(författare)
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Association of age, hormonal, and lifestyle factors with the Leydig cell biomarker INSL3 in aging men from the European Male Aging Study cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 10:7, s. 1328-1338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Aging in men is accompanied by a broad range of symptoms, including sexual dysfunction, cognitive and musculoskeletal decline, obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hypertension, organ degeneration/failure, and increasing neoplasia, some of which are associated with declining levels of Leydig cell-produced testosterone. High natural biological variance, together with multiple factors that can modulate circulating testosterone concentration, may influence its interpretation and clinical implications. Insulin-like peptide 3 is a biomarker of Leydig cell function that might provide complementary information on testicular health and its downstream outcomes. Objectives: To characterize insulin-like peptide 3 as a biomarker to assess gonadal status in aging men. Methods and materials: A large European multicenter (European Male Aging Study) cohort of community-dwelling men was analyzed to determine how insulin-like peptide 3 relates to a range of hormonal, anthropometric, and lifestyle parameters. Results and discussion: Insulin-like peptide 3 declines cross-sectionally and longitudinally within individuals at approximately 15% per decade from age 40 years, unlike testosterone (1.9% per decade), which is partly compensated by increasing pituitary luteinizing hormone production. Importantly, lower insulin-like peptide 3 in younger men appears to persist with aging. Multiple regression analysis shows that, unlike testosterone, insulin-like peptide 3 is negatively dependent on luteinizing hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin and positively dependent on follicle-stimulating hormone, suggesting a different mechanism of gonadotropic regulation. Circulating insulin-like peptide 3 is negatively associated with increased body mass index or waist circumference and with smoking, and unlike testosterone, it is not affected by weight loss in obese individuals. Geographic variation in mean insulin-like peptide 3 within Europe appears to be largely explained by differences in these parameters. The results allowed the establishment of a European-wide reference range for insulin-like peptide 3 (95% confidence interval) adjusted for increasing age. Conclusion: Insulin-like peptide 3 is a constitutive biomarker of Leydig cell functional capacity and is a robust, reliably measurable peptide not subject to gonadotropin-dependent short-term regulation and within-individual variation in testosterone.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Arver, S, et al.
(författare)
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In Memoriam: Rune Eliasson MD, PhD
- 2020
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Ingår i: ANDROLOGY. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 8:3, s. 530-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Axelsson, Jonatan, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nicotine, and associations with sperm DNA fragmentation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 10:4, s. 740-748
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Tobacco smoking has been reported to cause DNA fragmentation and has been suggested to cause mutations in spermatozoa. These effects have been ascribed to the action of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) present in the smoke. Simultaneously, DNA fragmentation has been associated with mutagenesis. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether levels of urinary biomarkers of PAH and nicotine exposure were associated with sperm DNA fragmentation. Methods: In the urine of 381 men recruited from two cohorts of young men (17–21 years old) from the general Swedish population, the PAH metabolites 1-hydroxypyrene and 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, as well as the nicotine metabolite cotinine, were measured. The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was analysed using the sperm chromatin structure assay. Associations between the DFI, and PAH metabolite levels as continuous variables as well as in quartiles, were studied by general linear models adjusted for abstinence time. A similar analysis was carried out for cotinine levels, according to which the men were categorised as “non-smoking” (n = 216) and “smoking” (n = 165). Results: No association was found between levels of any of the three biomarkers and DFI, either as a continuous variable (p = 0.87–0.99), or when comparing the lowest and the highest quartiles (p = 0.11–0.61). The same was true for comparison of men categorised as non-smoking or smoking (DFI 11.1% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.31). Discussion: We found no evidence of PAH or nicotine exposure to be associated with DFI, which does not exclude that these exposures may have other effects on sperm DNA. Conclusion: In these young men, levels of biomarkers of nicotine and PAH exposure were not associated with DFI.
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| 10. |
- Barranco, I., et al.
(författare)
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The activity of paraoxonase type 1 (PON-1) in boar seminal plasma and its relationship with sperm quality, functionality, and in vivo fertility
- 2015
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : American Society of Andrology. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 3:2, s. 315-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Paraoxonase 1 (PON-1) is a hydrolytic enzyme present in body fluids, capable of protecting cells against oxidative stress. The hypothesis was hereby to test that PON-1, present in seminal plasma (SP), acts protecting boar spermatozoa when showing a reasonable high activity in the ejaculate. SP-PON-1 activity differed (pless than0.001) among boars (from 0.10 to 0.29IU/mL). Intra-boar variability was also observed (pless than0.05), but only in two of the 15 boars. SP-PON-1 activity differed among ejaculate portions, showing the spermatozoa-peak portion of spermatozoa-rich ejaculate fraction the highest levels (0.35 +/- 0.03IU/mL, ranging from 0.12 to 0.69) and the post-sperm ejaculate fraction the lowest levels (0.12 +/- 0.01IU/mL, ranging from 0.03 to 0.21). SP-PON-1 activity was positively correlated with the percentage of spermatozoa with rapid and progressive movement (pless than0.01) and negatively correlated with the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (pless than0.01) in semen samples after 72h of liquid storage. SP-PON-1 activity was highest (pless than0.01) in boars with highest farrowing rates. In conclusion, SP-PON-1 activity differed among boars and ejaculate fractions/portions. SP-PON-1 activity was positively correlated with sperm quality and functionality of liquid-stored semen samples and it evidenced a positive association with in vivo fertility.
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| 11. |
- Becerro-Rey, Laura, et al.
(författare)
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Aging of stallion spermatozoa stored in vitro is delayed at 22C using a 67 mm glucose-10 mm pyruvate-based media
- 2023
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : WILEY. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Most commerce of equine seminal doses is carried out using commercial extenders under refrigeration at 5 degrees C.Objectives: To determine if 10 mM pyruvate in a 67 mM glucose extender and storage at 22 degrees C could be the basis of an alternative storage method to cooling to 5 degrees C.Material and methods: Stallion ejaculates were extendedin: INRA96 (67 mM glucose, non-pyruvate control), modified Tyrodes (67 mM glucose-10 mM pyruvate), supplemented with 0, 10, 50, and 100 mu M itaconate. As itaconate was vehiculated in DMSO, a control vehicle was also included. Sperm motility, viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, and production of reactive oxygen species were measured after collection and again after 48 and 96 h of storage at 22 degrees C. To disclose molecular metabolic changes, spermatozoa were incubated up to 3 h in modified Tyrodes 67 mM glucose-10 mM pyruvate and modified Tyrodes 67 mM glucose, and metabolic analysis conducted.Results: After 96 h of storage aliquots stored in the control, INRA96 had a very poor total motility of 5.6% +/- 2.3%, while in the 67 mM glucose-10 mM pyruvate/10 mu M itaconate extender, total motility was 34.7% +/- 3.8% (p = 0.0066). After 96 h, viability was better in most pyruvate-based media, and the mitochondrial membrane potential in spermatozoa extended in INRA96 was relatively lower (p < 0.0001). Metabolomics revealed that in the spermatozoa incubated in the high pyruvate media, there was an increase in the relative amounts of NAD(+), pyruvate, lactate, and ATP.Discussion and conclusions: Aliquots stored in a 67 mM glucose-10 mM pyruvatebased medium supplemented with 10 mu M itaconate, maintained a 35% total motility after 96 h of storage at 22 degrees C, which is considered the minimum acceptable motility for commercialization. Improvements may be related to the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and regeneration of NAD(+).
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Cohn-Cedermark, G., et al.
(författare)
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Surveillance vs. adjuvant therapy of clinical stage I testicular tumors - a review and the SWENOTECA experience
- 2015
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2927 .- 2047-2919. ; 3:1, s. 102-110
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although clinical stage I (CS I) testicular cancer is highly curable, the optimal management is controversial. The aims of the Swedish and Norwegian Testicular Cancer Group (SWENOTECA) studies for CS I non-seminoma (NS) and seminoma (S) have been to reduce treatment intensity while maintaining high survival rates, reduce the number of patients needing salvage treatment and implement patient autonomy with regard to adjuvant treatment. During 1998-2010 NS CSI patients with lymphovascular invasion (LVI) of the primary tumor (high risk) were recommended bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin (BEP)x1. During 2000-2006 S CS I patients had the option to choose surveillance or adjuvant radiotherapy (AR). In 2004, carboplatinx1 (AUC7) was added as a third treatment option. In 2007 a new risk-adapted treatment protocol for S CS I was initiated. Patients with two risk factors (tumor size>4cm, tumor growth in the rete testis) were recommended carboplatinx1 and patients with 0-1 risk factor were recommended surveillance. All patients were provided with oral and written information of possible management options and could choose the other alternative. The relapse rate for NS CS I with BEPx1 was 3.2% for high risk, and 1.6% for low-risk patients. Five-year cause-specific survival was 100%. For S CS I-patients treated before 2007, 14.3% on surveillance relapsed, 3.9% after carboplatin, and 0.8% after AR. Five-year cause-specific survival was 99.9%. For S CS I-patients treated from 2007, a relapse rate <3% was confirmed for patients without risk factors. SWENOTECA considers BEPx1 standard adjuvant treatment in NS CS I high-risk patients. Low-risk patients should have the opportunity to receive BEPx1 following thorough information regarding pros and cons. For S CS I patients without risk factors, adjuvant treatment is not necessary. For patients with risk factors, patient autonomy should be respected.
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| 15. |
- Eckersten, Dag, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-Müllerian hormone, a Sertoli cell-derived marker, is decreased in plasma of male patients in all stages of chronic kidney disease.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2927 .- 2047-2919. ; 3:6, s. 1160-1164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Male patients with terminal renal failure are often infertile and exhibit an abnormal sex hormone pattern in plasma. We studied patients in all chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages to determine plasma levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a Sertoli cell-derived marker, and other sex hormones. Seventy-eight male patients with CKD stages 1-5 and a median age of 40 years (22-50 years), as well as 20 healthy controls with a median age of 37 years (26-44 years), were enrolled. The CKD patients were evenly distributed; 18 with CKD stages 1-2, 19 with CKD stage 3, 19 with CKD stage 4, and 22 with CKD stage 5. Cystatin C, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, sex hormone-binding globulin, testosterone, and AMH levels in plasma were analysed. AMH was analysed using the Ansh Labs UltraSensitive AMH assay. Several changes occurred in plasma levels of sex hormones in male patients with CKD. Plasma AMH levels were lower in CKD stages 1-4 by 30% (p = 0.041) and by 70% (p < 0.001) in CKD stage 5 compared with controls. Plasma luteinizing hormone and prolactin levels were higher and testosterone levels were lower compared with controls. The pathophysiological role of this reduction in AMH is unclear, but can be linked to altered Sertoli cell function.
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| 16. |
- Elenkov, Angel, et al.
(författare)
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Non-reproductive effects of follicle-stimulating hormone in young men
- 2023
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 11:3, s. 471-477
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor expression has been reported in many extra-gonadal tissues, raising the question of non-reproductive effects of FSH. Because of increasing usage of FSH in treatment of male infertility, deeper knowledge of possible harmful off-target effects of FSH is warranted. Methods: In total, 33 healthy young men (mean age 30 years) were included in the study. All received an s.c. injection of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist and n = 16 were randomized to 300 IU recombinant FSH (300 IE 3 times/week) for 5 weeks at first visit (V1) whereas n = 17 served as controls. Blood samples were taken at (V1), after 3 weeks (V2), and after 5 weeks (V3), when the study ended. At V2, all subjects received 1000 mg testosterone undecanoate i.m. A standard set of bio- and inflammatory markers were compared between the groups using the Mann–Whitney test adjusted for multiple testing. Results: As compared to controls, the FSH treated men had higher SHBG and albumin concentrations at V2 (p = 0.024 and 0.027, respectively), and lower levels of alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.026) and magnesium (p = 0.028) at V3. However, none of the results remained statistically significant after Bonferroni correction (p > 0.0011). Conclusions: FSH had no significant effects on non-reproductive organs when given in standard therapeutic doses to young men for 5 weeks. Therefore, the FSH treatment can be considered safe in otherwise healthy young men, constituting candidates for the infertility treatment with FSH.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Giwercman, Aleksander, et al.
(författare)
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Editorial : Andrology Awards 2021
- 2022
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 10:8, s. 1459-1459
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 19. |
- Gutzkow, K. B., et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced susceptibility of obese mice to glycidamide-induced sperm chromatin damage without increased oxidative stress
- 2016
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 4:6, s. 1092-1114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diet-induced obesity is known to impair male reproduction and may aggravate the male reproductive toxicity of the food contaminant acrylamide. Exposure of male mice to acrylamide induces paternally mediated pre- and post-implantation losses because of spermatozoal toxicity and these effects are potentiated in mice fed a high-fat diet. Glycidamide - an acrylamide metabolite - is the primary mediator of reproductive effects in males. The mechanisms causing the interaction between diet and acrylamide are not clear. However, diet-induced obesity is associated with oxidative stress in male reproductive tissues which might contribute to increased germ cell susceptibility. In this study, we investigated whether a moderate diet-induced obesity regimen could interfere with glycidamide-induced spermatozoal toxicity and increase oxidative stress. For this purpose, sperm chromatin integrity, oxidised DNA and protein levels, transcript levels of oxidative stress responsive genes and glycidamide-induced DNA and haemoglobin adducts were analysed in samples from male mice exposed to a high-fat diet for 6 weeks in combination with a single glycidamide exposure 7 days prior to sacrifice. We found that glycidamide-induced sperm DNA fragmentation was markedly higher in obese than in lean mice. However, the levels of oxidised DNA and/or protein in blood, liver and testicular tissue was lower in obese than in lean mice. Accompanying the reduced level of oxidised macromolecules, the transcript levels of several oxidative stress-related genes were altered in the liver and testis from obese mice suggesting induction of an antioxidant response in these animals. The haemoglobin-glycidamide adduct levels were higher in obese than in lean animals, whereas obesity did not seem to increase the level of glycidamide-induced DNA adducts. These findings show that a moderate diet-induced obesity regimen may potentiate glycidamide-induced sperm cells toxicity and suggest that the increase in glycidamide-induced sperm toxicity observed in obese mice does not depend on overt oxidative stress.
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| 20. |
- Hærvig, Katia Keglberg, et al.
(författare)
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Fetal exposure to paternal smoking and semen quality in the adult son
- 2020
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 8:5, s. 1117-1125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The negative impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offspring semen quality is well established. Less is known about the impact of paternal smoking. Methods: We estimated differences in semen parameters and testicle size according to paternal smoking in 772 adult sons of women enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort when pregnant. Parents’ smoking was reported around gestational week 16, and analyses were adjusted for parents’ ages at conception, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal alcohol and caffeine intake, family occupational status, ejaculatory abstinence time, clinic of semen analysis, and season. Results: Sons of smoking fathers and non-smoking mothers had a 10% (95% confidence interval: −24%, 7%) lower semen concentration and 11% (95% confidence interval: −27%, 8%) lower sperm count than sons of non-smoking parents. Having two smoking parents was associated with 19% reduction in sperm count (95% confidence interval: −37%, 3%). Paternal smoking was not associated with volume, motility, or morphology. Adjusting for maternal smoking, paternal smoking was associated with a 26% increased risk of small testicular volume (95% confidence interval: 0.89, 1.78). Discussion: Exclusion of sons with a history of testicular cancer, chemotherapy, orchiectomy, and with only one or no testicles may have caused us to underestimate associations if these men's reproductive health including semen quality are in fact more sensitive to paternal smoking. Conclusion: The study provides limited support for slightly lower sperm concentration and total sperm concentration in sons of smoking fathers, but findings are also compatible with no association.
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| 21. |
- Jahangiri, Ali Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Microfluidics : The future of sperm selection in assisted reproduction
- 2024
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 12:6, s. 1236-1252
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Obtaining functional sperm cells is the first step to treat infertility. With the ever-increasing trend in male infertility, clinicians require access to effective solutions that are able to single out the most viable spermatozoa, which would max out the chance for a successful pregnancy. The new generation techniques for sperm selection involve microfluidics, which offers laminar flow and low Reynolds number within the platforms can provide unprecedented opportunities for sperm selection. Previous studies showed that microfluidic platforms can provide a novel approach to this challenge and since then researchers across the globe have attacked this problem from multiple angles.OBJECTIVE: In this review, we seek to provide a much-needed bridge between the technical and medical aspects of microfluidic sperm selection. Here, we provide an up-to-date list on microfluidic sperm selection procedures and its application in assisted reproductive technology laboratories.SEARCH METHOD: A literature search was performed in Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus to select papers reporting microfluidic sperm selection using the keywords: microfluidic sperm selection, self-motility, non-motile sperm selection, boundary following, rheotaxis, chemotaxis, and thermotaxis. Papers published before March 31, 2023 were selected.OUTCOMES: Our results show that most studies have used motility-based properties for sperm selection. However, microfluidic platforms are ripe for making use of other properties such as chemotaxis and especially rheotaxis. We have identified that low throughput is one of the major hurdles to current microfluidic sperm selection chips, which can be solved via parallelization.CONCLUSION: Future work needs to be performed on numerical simulation of the microfluidics chip prior to fabrication as well as relevant clinical assessment after the selection procedure. This would require a close collaboration and understanding among engineers, biologists, and medical professionals. It is interesting that in spite of two decades of microfluidics sperm selection, numerical simulation and clinical studies are lagging behind. It is expected that microfluidic sperm selection platforms will play a major role in the development of fully integrated start-to-finish assisted reproductive technology systems.
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| 22. |
- Kimblad, Agnes, et al.
(författare)
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Decreased sperm counts in Swedish users of oral tobacco
- 2022
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 10:6, s. 1181-1188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Smoke-free tobacco via moist oral snuff (snus) is used daily in more than 20% of Swedish men. Negative effects of cigarette smoking on sperm parameters are well documented, unlike for snuff, despite relevance also for other smoke-free nicotine products. Objectives: We wanted to investigate whether reproductive parameters differed between users and non-users of snuff, and whether the amount of snuff and nicotine exposure mattered. Materials and methods: Men (n = 613) from the general population, recruited 2000–2010, were physically examined, answered questions on smoking and snuff use, and delivered urine, blood and semen samples. Sperm concentration, total sperm count, semen volume, percent morphologically normal and progressively motile sperm, and DNA fragmentation index (by the Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay) and reproductive hormones were analysed. Nicotine exposure was measured through urinary levels of cotinine. We used general linear models, with adjustments including cigarette smoking, and for semen parameters also abstinence time. Results: After adjustments, total sperm count was 24% lower (P = 0.03) and testosterone 14% higher (P < 0.001) in 109 users of snuff than in non-users, whereas cotinine was positively associated with testosterone and oestradiol (P < 0.001). Numbers of boxes of snuff used per week were associated with testosterone and FSH (P < 0.001). Discussion: Applied to the general population, the consumption of smoke-free tobacco by the use of snuff was associated with a lower sperm count and a higher testosterone, for which the extent seemed to play a role. Conclusions: Independent of smoking, consumption of snuff was associated with lower total sperm count and different hormone levels. Applying these results to a reported association between sperm count and the chance of pregnancy, men who used snuff would have about a 10% lower chance of fathering a child.
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| 23. |
- Kruljac, M., et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms of sexual dysfunction among men from infertile couples : prevalence and association with testosterone deficiency
- 2020
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 8:1, s. 160-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This case control study aimed to investigate whether symptoms of sexual dysfunction are more common in males from infertile couples than in the general population and to explore whether symptoms of sexual dysfunction are associated to hypogonadism. Objectives: Participants were 165 subfertile men in infertile heterosexual relationships, 18–50 years of age, with sperm concentrations < 15 × 106/mL. The controls were 199 men from a population-based group, matched for age. Material and methods: Logistic regression was applied in order to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for seven different symptoms of sexual dysfunction. In a multivariate model, we tested independent effects of infertility and primary as well as secondary hypogonadism. Results: Statistically significant association between subfertility and symptoms of sexual dysfunction was found for lack of ability to control ejaculation (OR 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2–4.2). For hypogonadism, statistical significance was seen both in relation to low sexual interest/desire for sex (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.0–5.5) and for being worried about the size or shape of the penis (OR 3.6, 95% CI: 1.3–9.5). These associations remained statistically significant in males with primary but not those with secondary hypogonadism. Discussion: Our study showed that men from infertile couples have an increased risk of symptoms of sexual dysfunction and this risk is linked to androgen deficiency. Conclusion: Assessment of reproductive hormone levels and sexual function should routinely be done in this group of males.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Lood, Yvonne, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between testosterone in serum, saliva and urine during treatment with intramuscular testosterone undecanoate in gender dysphoria and male hypogonadism
- 2017
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Ingår i: Andrology. - Oxford : John Wiley & Sons. - 2047-2919 .- 2047-2927. ; 6:1, s. 86-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term testosterone replacement therapy is mainly monitored by trough levels of serum testosterone (S-T), while urinary testosterone (U-T) is used by forensic toxicology to evaluate testosterone doping. Testosterone in saliva (Sal-T) may provide additional information and simplify the sample collection. We aimed to investigate the relationships between testosterone measured in saliva, serum and urine during standard treatment with 1,000mg testosterone undecanoate (TU) every 12th week during 1year. This was an observational study. Males with primary and secondary hypogonadism (HG; n=23), subjects with gender dysphoria (GD FtM; n=15) and a healthy control group of men (n=32) were investigated. Sal-T, S-T and U-T were measured before and after TU injections. Sal-T was determined with Salimetrics((R)) enzyme immunoassay, S-T with Roche Elecsys((R)) testosterone II assay and U-T by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sal-T correlated significantly with S-T and calculated free testosterone in both controls and patients (HG men and GD FtM), while Sal-T to U-T showed weaker correlations. Trough values of Sal-T after 12months were significantly higher in the GD FtM group (0.77 +/- 0.35nmol/L) compared to HG men (0.53 +/- 0.22nmol/L) and controls (0.46 +/- 0.15nmol/L), while no differences between S-T and U-T trough values were found. Markedly elevated concentrations of salivary testosterone, 7-14days after injection, were observed, especially in the GD FtM group. This study demonstrates that Sal-T might be a useful clinical tool to monitor long-term testosterone replacement therapy and might give additional information in forensic cases.
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