| 1. |
- Achour, Abdenour, 1980, et al.
(author)
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Towards stable nickel catalysts for selective hydrogenation of biomass-based BHMF into THFDM
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 11:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Selective transformation of BHMF (2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan) to THFDM (tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dimethanol) over a variety of structured Ni/Sx-Z1−x catalysts was investigated. The effects of support, Ni loading, solvent, temperature, pressure, and particle size on the conversion and selectivity were studied. Among them, the 10 wt% Ni catalyst supported on the SiO2:ZrO2 weight ratio of 90:10 (10NiS90Z10) exhibits the best performance in terms of BHMF conversion and THFDM selectivity. Its good performance was attributed to its well-balanced properties, that depend upon the ZrO2 content of the support in combination with SiO2, the active Ni sites-support interaction, and acidity/basicity ratio of each catalyst resulting in different Ni dispersions. Importantly, the 10NiS90Z10 catalyst showed a stable selectivity to THFDM (>94%), with 99.4% conversion of BHMF during 2 h reaction time. Poor catalytic activity resulted from excessive ZrO2 content (>10 wt%). The structural, textural, and acidity properties of NiSi100−y-Zry catalysts, tuned by selectively varying the Ni amount from 5 to 15 wt%, were critically investigated using numerous material characterization techniques. Catalyst recycling experiments revealed that the catalyst could be recycled several times without any measurable loss of catalytic activity.
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| 2. |
- Ardiati, Fenny Clara, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of batch and fed-batch rotating drum biological contactor using immobilized Trametes hirsuta EDN082 for non-sterile real textile wastewater treatment
- 2024
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 12:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- White rot fungi, in both free and immobilized forms, excel in degrading dyes through adsorption and enzyme degradation. However, existing studies often focus on synthetic wastewater within sterile lab conditions. This study extends the application of Trametes hirsuta EDN082 immobilized in light-expanded clay aggregates (myco-LECAs) packed in a rotating drum biological contactor (RDBC) for treating real textile wastewater under non-sterile conditions to simulate industrial treatment scenarios. Experiments included batch and fed-batch RDBC to assess the impact of additional glucose and stepwise dilution on quality indicators like pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), color, and solids. In fed-batch RDBC with 0.5 % additional glucose, myco-LECAs achieved a maximum of 94 % COD removal (day 15), 99 % NH4+-N reduction (day 33), and 39 % decolorization without additional glucose. In comparison, myco-LECAs in batch RDBC highlighted 89 % NH4+-N reduction in 9 days without pH adjustment or additional nutrients. The pH maintained between 6−9, with no toxicity in Artemia salina, and 97−100 % removal of E. coli. Compared to Indonesian textile wastewater discharge limits, the technology achieved effective ammonia removal below 8 mg/L. This suggests that immobilized T. hirsuta EDN082 in LECAs presents a viable, non-sterile treatment for real textile wastewater.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Cheah, You Wayne, 1993, et al.
(author)
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Upgrading of triglycerides, pyrolysis oil, and lignin over metal sulfide catalysts: A review on the reaction mechanism, kinetics, and catalyst deactivation
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 11:3
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human activities such as burning fossil fuels for energy production have contributed to the rising global atmospheric CO2 concentration. The search for alternative renewable and sustainable energy sources to replace fossil fuels is crucial to meet the global energy demand. Bio-feedstocks are abundant, carbon-rich, and renewable bioresources that can be transformed into value-added chemicals, biofuels, and biomaterials. The conversion of solid biomass into liquid fuel and their further hydroprocessing over solid catalysts has gained vast interest in industry and academic research in the last few decades. Metal sulfide catalysts, a common type of catalyst being used in the hydroprocessing of fossil feedstocks, have gained great interest due to their low cost, industrial relevance, and easy implementation into the current refining infrastructures. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview that covers the hydrotreating of various bio-feedstocks like fatty acids, phenolic compounds, pyrolysis oil, and lignin feed using sulfided catalysts. The main objectives are to highlight the reaction mechanism/networks, types of sulfided catalysts, catalyst deactivation, and reaction kinetics involved in the hydrotreating of various viable renewable feedstocks to biofuels. The computational approaches to understand the application of metal sulfides in deoxygenation are also presented. The challenges and needs for future research related to the valorization of different bio-feedstocks into liquid fuels, employing sulfided catalysts, are also discussed in the current work.
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| 6. |
- Davies, Katherine Rebecca, et al.
(author)
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Solar light-driven simultaneous pharmaceutical pollutant degradation and green hydrogen production using a mesoporous nanoscale WO 3 /BiVO 4 heterostructure photoanode
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 11:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Photoelectrocatalysis is one of the most favourable techniques that could be used in this remit as it has the potential to utilise natural sunlight to generate oxidants in situ to mediate effective pollutant degradation. This work, therefore, utilises a mesoporous nanoscale WO3/BiVO4 heterostructure photoanode to effectively degrade ibuprofen in wastewater combined with simultaneous green hydrogen generation at the cathode under simulated sunlight. A near complete degradation (>96%) of ibuprofen (starting concentration of 100 mg/L), with no hazardous intermediates (determined via mass spectrometry analysis), along with simultaneous H2 evolution of 114 µmol/cm2 after 145 min was demonstrated in this work. In addition, intermediate product analysis, the role of the type of in situ oxidants on degradation, the mechanistic pathway of degradation, and the material characteristics of mesoporous photoanode were also investigated. First experimental evidence of in situ generated H2O2 contributing to the degradation of ibuprofen is presented.
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| 7. |
- Deng, Ximing, et al.
(author)
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Mo, Fe bimetallic carbide composite as high stability electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2929 .- 2213-3437. ; 10:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Developing inexpensive but efficient electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) is critical to the design of zinc-air battery (ZAB). Here, we report a good ORR electrocatalyst (MoFeCx-NC) composed of nitrogen-doped carbon armored by ferro-molybdenum binary carbides. The physical characterization of MoFeCx-NC by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show that MoFeCx-NC is composed of amorphous bimetallic carbides and N-doped carbon. In addition, the electrochemical test shows that its more positive onset potential of 0.962 V and better half-wave potential of 0.847 V, almost close to Pt/C (Eonset = 0.957 V, E1/2 = 0.854 V). Furthermore, the MoFeCx-NC assembled ZAB exhibits a good peak power density of 79.14 mW cm−2 and an impressive 1.40 V discharge voltage, indicating that the obtained MoFeCx-NC is an ideal for the future ORR electrocatalyst.
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| 8. |
- F. Abdel-Magied, Ahmed, et al.
(author)
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Magnetic metal-organic frameworks for efficient removal of cadmium(II), and lead(II) from aqueous solution
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2929 .- 2213-3437. ; 10:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Efficient and convenient methods for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions especially Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions is of great importance due to their serious threat to public health and the ecological system. In this study, two magnetic metal-organic frameworks (namely: Fe3O4@ZIF-8, and Fe3O4@UiO-66–NH2) were synthesized, fully characterized, and applied for the adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption efficiencies for the prepared nanocomposites are strongly dependent on the pH of the aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacities of Fe3O4@UiO-66–NH2, and Fe3O4@ZIF-8 at pH 6.0 were calculated to be 714.3 mg·g−, and 370 mg·g−1 for Cd(II), respectively, and 833.3 mg·g−1, and 666.7 mg·g−1 for Pb(II), respectively. The adsorption process follows a pseudo-second-order model and fit the Langmuir isotherm model. Moreover, the thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process is endothermic, and spontaneous in nature. A plausible adsorption mechanism was discussed in detail. The magnetic adsorbents: Fe3O4@ZIF-8, and Fe3O4@UiO-66–NH2 showed excellent reusability, maintaining the same efficiency for at least four consecutive cycles. These results reveal the potential use of magnetic Fe3O4@ZIF-8, and Fe3O4@UiO-66–NH2 as efficient adsorbents in removing Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions.
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| 9. |
- Feizie Ilmasani, Rojin, 1989, et al.
(author)
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Deactivation of phosphorus-poisoned Pd/SSZ-13 for the passive adsorption of NOx
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 10:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Automotive catalysts can be exposed to various poisonous substances that can cause physical or chemical deactivation. One of such poisons is phosphorous, which originates from lubricant oils. This study focuses on the phosphorus deactivation of Pd/SSZ-13 used as a passive NOx adsorber (PNA). A clear deactivation caused by phosphorus was observed, and it was increased by increasing the content of phosphorous. It was concluded that phosphorous can cause both physical and chemical deactivation. This was evident from XPS analysis, where the presence of phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) causes physical deactivation whereas metaphosphate (PO3-) and phosphate (PO43-) cause chemical deactivation. Also, it was shown that metaphosphates (PO3-) become the dominant phosphorous species at higher P concentrations. Lesser amounts of O2 were released in P-poisoned Pd/SSZ-13, as was found in oxygen TPD when increasing the P concentration, due to the presence of more PO3- species. Furthermore, XRD and 27Al NMR analyses revealed that phosphorus also interacted with alumina in the zeolite framework by forming Al-O-P species; this was also supported by SEM-EDX, where there was a clear overlap of P with Al and Pd spectra. DRIFTS analysis showed that OH groups in contact with the zeolite structure became contaminated by phosphorus and caused a chemical deactivation of Pd/SSZ-13. It was also found that, during multiple cycles, the PNA capacity decreased for phosphorus-poisoned samples. This was caused by the transformation of P2O5, which causes physical blocking, to PO3-, which interacts chemically with the palladium species.
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| 10. |
- Hedayati, Ali, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Experimental evaluation of manganese ores for chemical looping conversion of synthetic biomass volatiles in a 300 W reactor system
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 9:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Two manganese ores with different iron content were investigated as oxygen carriers for chemical looping conversion of simulated biomass volatiles. The aim was to study the performance of the oxygen carriers with regards to combustion and potential use for chemical-looping gasification of wood-based biomass. The oxygen carriers were studied in a 300 W chemical-looping reactor system with circulation of oxygen carriers between the fluidized air and fuel reactors. The temperature was 850-900 °C and the fuel flow rates were 0.6-3 Lmin-1. The Mn ore with higher iron content showed significant oxygen release at 900 °C under inert conditions, as well as full conversion of CO, H2 and methane at low fuel flow. The other Mn ore showed little methane conversion and poorer conversion of the other gases when compared at similar fuel flows. However, the gas composition attained was rather similar if compared for a similar overall gas conversion. Nonetheless, a slightly higher syngas fraction and H2 to CO ratio in the product stream was obtained with the Mn ore with lower iron content. In all cases the syngas fraction in the product gas increased with temperature and fuel flow. The formation of fines (attrition rate), particle size distribution, and the bulk density of the oxygen carriers were measured to evaluate their mechanical properties during chemical looping of biomass volatiles.
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| 11. |
- Ho, Hoang Phuoc, 1983, et al.
(author)
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The effect of Pt/Pd ratio on the oxidation activity and resistance to sulfur poisoning for Pt-Pd/BEA diesel oxidation catalysts with high siliceous content
- 2022
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 10:4
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study investigates the effect of the Pt/Pd ratio on the oxidation activity and sulfur poisoning/regeneration of diesel oxidation catalysts (DOC) using beta zeolites with high siliceous content as support. Formation of Pt-Pd alloy leads to contraction of the cell lattice of Pt in the bimetallic catalysts, improving not only the sintering resistance of Pt but also retaining a high fraction of Pd in Pd2+ form. Moreover, the Pt-Pd alloy also improves the oxidation resistance of the particles, which enhances the activity of the catalysts for CO and C3H6 oxidation. Bimetallic catalysts also favor NO reduction at a lower temperature than the monometallic Pt although they showed lower values for the absolute conversion of NO due to a decrease in the total number of the Pt active sites. In addition, the bimetallic catalysts significantly improved the sulfur resistance as compared to the monometallic Pd catalyst. Moreover, the bimetallic catalysts could easily recover their activity for NO and C3H6 oxidation by thermal treatment either in lean conditions or in H2. The reduction with H2 was necessary to recover completely the activity of the CO and C3H8 oxidation.
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| 12. |
- Linderholm, Carl Johan, 1976, et al.
(author)
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Chemical-looping combustion of solid fuels in a 100 kW dual circulating fluidized bed system using iron ore as oxygen carrier
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 4:1, s. 1029-1039
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is an innovative carbon-capture technology with potential to drastically reduce the cost of capture. By using a circulating bed material to transfer oxygen from the combustion air to the fuel, air and fuel are never mixed and the CO2 can be obtained as a separate flue gas stream, undiluted by N2. In other words, carbon capture is inherent to the CLC process. Here, we present findings from a 100 kW chemical-looping combustor for solid fuels. The oxygen carrier used in the present tests was an iron ore from Tierga, Spain. In total, 26 h of operation using bituminous coal and wood char as fuel was achieved. The highest gas conversion with bituminous coal was 87%, and the highest gas conversion using wood char as fuel was 93%. The carbon capture efficiency with bituminous coal was 94-98%, which is lower than what has been observed with ilmenite. For the wood char, the carbon capture was even lower. The fate of nitrogen and sulfur was investigated. It was found that 84 wt% of the S-containing gas was SO2, and only 16 wt% was H2S. The nitrogen analysis indicates that the fuel-N converted to gas was distributed as 10 wt% NO, 37 wt% NH3, and 53 wt% N2. It was found that the oxygen-carrier particles retained their high reactivity throughout the operational period. Furthermore, the expected lifetime of the iron ore was found to be approximately 300 h.
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| 13. |
- Mattisson, Tobias, 1970, et al.
(author)
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Enhanced performance of manganese ore as oxygen carrier for chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) by combination with Ca(OH)2 through spray-drying
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 4:4, s. 3707-3717
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU) is an innovative combustion technology with inherent capture of the CO2 and potential to drastically reduce the cost of capture. The process requires two interconnected reactors, between which the oxygen carrier particles are circulated while carrying oxygen from the combustion air to the fuel. In this work, the reactivity and mechanical stability of five materials were studied; three natural ores and two materials which were combinations of an ore and Ca(OH)2. The overall aim was to investigate the feasibility of making a reactive and mechanically stable material using cheap raw materials and an industrially relevant particle manufacturing process. The two combined materials behaved differently from their natural counterparts. The Brazilian ore + Ca(OH)2 showed a decrease in reactivity towards methane, but higher reactivity towards syngas in comparison to the pure ore. The South African ore + Ca(OH)2 showed a major improvement in reactivity towards both syngas and methane, which could be attributed to formation of a perovskite-structure material with significant CLOU properties. A comparison between the pure ores and the combined materials show that the addition of Ca(OH)2 had generally a beneficial impact on the mechanical stability of the oxygen carriers. As a significant change in the particle size distribution was seen for all oxygen carrier materials after repeated redox cycles with long reduction periods, the particle disintegration was likely caused by the chemical phase transformations occurring inside the particles, rather than by mechanical forces.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Nawi, Nadiene Salleha Mohd, et al.
(author)
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The impacts of 2D graphene oxide on selective and substrate layer of TFC membrane: A critical review on fabrication techniques and performance in water treatment
- 2024
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 12:2
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Polyamide thin film composite (TFC) membranes have been the gold standard of various industrial water and wastewater treatments since the 1980 s. The excellent performance compared to the asymmetric membranes is due to its extremely thin cross-linked selective layer formed over a microporous substrate. Over the past decade, commercial TFC membranes have substantially advanced, e.g., water flux improvement without compromising salt rejection, enhanced anti-scaling resistance and greater boron rejection during desalination. Findings from numerous research studies indicate that the performance of TFC membranes could be further enhanced via the incorporation of 2D graphene oxide (GO) into the membrane matrix. Different strategies have been developed to address the inherent limitations of both selective and substrate layers of the membrane, promising to further augment membrane surface characteristics and thereby treatment efficiencies. Given the importance of TFC membranes for water/wastewater treatment, this article aims to provide a state-of-the-art review on the development of GO-incorporated polyamide TFC membranes, with an emphasis on the incorporation techniques of GO, and the corresponding roles in improving the properties of the selective and substrate layers. This review offers guidance in designing TFC membranes embedded with GO for higher performance.
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| 16. |
- Schwebel, Georg, 1983, et al.
(author)
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Apparent kinetics derived from fluidized bed experiments for Norwegian ilmenite as oxygen carrier
- 2014
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 2:2, s. 1131-1141
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) is one of the most promising methods for CO2-capture. Regarding the use of solid fuels in CLC, it is assumed that the lifetime of the oxygen carrier material will be lowered preferring low cost and environmental sound materials. In this work apparent kinetics for the reduction of a natural rock ilmenite from Norway are derived from experimental data while utilizing CO, H2 and CH4 as fuel gases. CO, H2 and CH4 are the main combustible gases in solid fuel CLC. The experiments were carried out in a laboratory batch fluidized bed reactor. The reactor was heated to bed temperatures varying from 850 to 950 °C. Different fuel gas concentrations were achieved by diluting the fuel flow with nitrogen. For H2, pulsed reduction experiments have been accomplished to allow the calculation of conversion dependent rates. The experimental conversion rates were fitted to different model approaches in order to derive the apparent kinetic parameters. Thereby the oxygen carrier conversion was represented by the mass based conversion ω. The results are compared to published data. The reaction order with respect to the gas phase is close to the reported values. Only the reaction order obtained for CH 4 with the fitted power law deviated with about 40%, what could indicate a limitation of available surface for the heterogeneous decomposition of CH4. Although the overall agreement between fitted power laws and experimental data was appropriate, their extrapolation outside the experimental data range has to be done with care. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 17. |
- Seah, Mei Qun, 1995, et al.
(author)
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Advancements in polymeric membranes for challenging water filtration environments: A comprehensive review
- 2024
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 12:3
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Polymeric membranes were initially introduced for commercial water treatment applications in the 1960 s. Over the years, membrane manufacturers and scientists have made significant strides in enhancing these membranes, focusing on improving water permeance (while maintaining solute rejection) and increasing resistance to both organic and inorganic fouling. These advancements have produced more efficient membranes with reduced system footprints for water treatment processes. However, the demands of harsh filtration environments, including extreme pH conditions, elevated temperatures, high operating pressures and the presence of oxidative agents, have necessitated further improvements in membrane technology. In this paper, we embark on a comprehensive review of the advancements achieved in various types of polymeric membranes customized for use in these demanding environments. Our exploration of research efforts aimed at enhancing membrane properties for water filtration in challenging conditions can be broadly categorized into four primary areas, i.e., chlorine/oxidative resistance, acid/alkali stability, thermal resistance and compaction resistance. To facilitate a comprehensive understanding of these advancements, we categorize the strategies employed by researchers into several methods, i.e., surface modification of asymmetric membranes, bulk modification of asymmetric membranes (a.k.a. mixed matrix membrane) and surface modification of polyimide thin film composite membranes. By thoroughly reviewing the progress and strategies in these areas, this article aims to offer valuable insights into developing polymeric membranes with enhanced properties for challenging environments in water filtration applications.
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| 18. |
- Sundqvist, Sebastian, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Manganese ores as oxygen carriers for chemical-looping combustion (CLC) and chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU)
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 5:3, s. 2552-2563
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Manganese-based oxygen carriers can be used in chemical-looping combustion (CLC) and chemical-looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU). This paper expands on a previous investigation into manganese ores as oxygen carriers for CLC. The paper presents reactivity data for eight ores with widely different compositions. Most importantly, the ores contained significant quantities of Fe, Si, and Ca, with Fe/Mn and Si/Mn molar ratios that varied between 0.1-4.5 and 0.07-0.48, respectively. Pre-treatment of the ores consisted of heat treatment in air at 950 °C for 24 h followed by sieving to obtain a particle size fraction of 125-180 ?m. Reactivity towards methane and synthesis gas (50 vol% CO in H2) and the oxygen uncoupling behaviour at 900, 950, and 1000 °C was investigated in a fluidized batch reactor. Material characterization of the ores included an attrition test, crushing strength, and BET surface area measurement. The oxygen carriers had a CO2 yield of 31-80% for syngas with 2 g of oxygen carriers using 450 ml/min of syngas. The performance for all ores as a function of number of cycles was stable. By using a pseudo-first-order rate constant, apparent activation energies were calculated at ? = 0.999 and 0.99 for methane and syngas, respectively, and the apparent activation energies varied in a wide range, from 110 to 328 kJ/mol for CH4 and 10 to 168 kJ/mol for CO. The attrition resistance of the particles was measured using a jet cup attrition rig. The findings indicate that a higher reactivity is associated with higher attrition, however, there is no direct correlation between the two.
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| 19. |
- Tunioli, Francesca, et al.
(author)
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Adsorption of emerging contaminants by graphene related materials and their alginate composite hydrogels
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 11:2
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Graphene nanosheets and nanoplatelets -alginate composite hydrogels were prepared by ionic gelation and the resulting gel beads were exploited for the removal of a mixture of eight selected emerging contaminants (ECs) in tap water, including bisphenol A, ofloxacin and diclofenac. The role of graphene related materials (GRM) on the gel bead structure, adsorption selectivity, kinetic, mechanism, and efficiency was investigated. Combined Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and confocal Raman microscopy mapping showed a porous structure with pore size in the range of 100–200 µm and a homogeneous distribution of graphene nanosheets or nanoplatelets at the pores surface. The adsorption kinetic of GRM was much faster than that of granular activated carbon (GAC), the industrial sorbent benchmark, with removal capacity of ofloxacin from 2.9 to 4.3 times higher. A maximum adsorption capacity of 178 mg/g for rhodamine B was estimated by adsorption isotherm studies for reduced graphene oxide-based beads (a value comparable to that of powered activated carbon). Regeneration test performed on saturated beads by washing with EtOH, and subsequent reiterated reuses, showed no loss of adsorption performance up to the fourth reuse cycle.
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| 20. |
- Žerjav, Gregor, et al.
(author)
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Photo, thermal and photothermal activity of TiO 2 supported Pt catalysts for plasmon-driven environmental applications
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - 2213-3437 .- 2213-2929. ; 11:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- TiO2+Pt plasmonic solids with 1 wt% Pt and different TiO2 supports (anatase nanoparticles (TNP), polycrystalline nanorods (a-TNR) and single-crystal anatase nanorods (TNR)) were synthesized using the wet impregnation technique and tested as photo, thermal and photothermal catalysts in gas-solid and gas-liquid-solid reactions. Due to the different charges of the TiO2 support surfaces, Pt particles with different sizes, crystallinities and degrees of interaction with the TiO2 supports were formed during the synthesis. The heights of the Schottky barrier (SBH) were 0.38 eV for the a-TNR+Pt, 0.41 eV for the TNP+Pt, and 0.50 eV for the TNR+Pt samples, respectively. The low visible-light-triggered photocatalytic activity of the TNR+Pt catalyst toward the oxidation of water-dissolved bisphenol A (BPA) is attributed to its high SBH and active site deactivation due to the adsorption of BPA and/or BPA oxidation products. The highest photothermal catalytic H2-assisted NO2 reduction rate was expressed by the TNR+Pt catalyst. This can be ascribed to the presence of a narrow particle size distribution of small Pt particles, the absence of the Pt catalysed reduction of the TNR support at higher temperatures, and the lower rate of re-injection of “hot electrons” from the TNR support to the Pt particles.
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| 21. |
- Abi Nassif, L., et al.
(author)
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Reduction of potential ennoblement of stainless steel in natural seawater by an ecofriendly biopolymer
- 2020
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2213-3437. ; 8:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The effect of biofilm formation on passive stainless steel in seawater environments is of primary importance since it leads to potential ennoblement of surfaces and subsequently to localized corrosion such as pitting and crevice corrosion. This study aims at developing an ecofriendly alginate biopolymer containing both non-toxic calcium and a limited amount of biocidal zinc ions which inhibits this effect. For this purpose, calcium alginate containing less than 1 % of zinc ions localized in the vicinity of the steel surface in natural and renewed seawater is demonstrated to reduce significantly the ennoblement process of steel. After 1 month of immersion, a mass loss of only 4 % of the active material is observed authorizing thereby long-term protection of steel in real environment.
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| 22. |
- Ahmed, Mukhtar
(author)
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Biochar blended humate and vermicompost enhanced immobilization of heavy metals, improved wheat productivity, and minimized human health risks in different contaminated environments
- 2021
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437. ; 9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Application of biochar blended humate (BBH) might be considered as a promising material for potential toxic elements (PTEs) immobilization and improvement in crop yield but has not yet been studied. For this purpose, different soil amendments such as vermicompost (VC), biochar (BI), BBH and zeolite (Z) were applied to different soil types in various depositional environments include lacustrine (LA), fluvial (FL), and marine (M). The aim was to explore the potential impact of such amendments on the immobilization of Cd, Ni and Pb, metal transfer, and the consequent risk to human health, as well as improve wheat growth, yield and quality in different contaminated environments. Application of amendments, particularly BBH and VC significantly decreased the mobile fraction of tested heavy metals in all depositional environments. Consequently, application of BBH decreased the content of tested metals in wheat grains by 36.2%, 26.6% and 16.7% respectively compared to control averaged over three soil types. The highest reduction in human health risk index (HRI) was achieved when soil treated with VC followed by BBH compared to other amendments. The HRI decreased by 23.2%, 22.2%, and 25.7% in fluvial, lacustrine, and marine respectively in response to application of VC compared to untreated soil. Furthermore, application of VC and BBH improved wheat growth, yield and quality in the studied soils. Despite its complexity in production, the use of a synthesized Z in heavy metal immobilization is not recommended. In conclusion, the novel material (BBH) showed a significant immobilization of tested PTEs, and VC achieved higher yields of wheat and lower HRI, confirming the importance of both materials as promising low-cost and environmentally friendly amendments for PTEs immobilization, producing higher yields of good quality and decreasing human health risks.
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| 23. |
- Ashour, Radwa M., et al.
(author)
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Preparation and characterization of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized by L-cysteine : Adsorption and desorption behavior for rare earth metal ions
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier. - 2213-3437. ; 4:3, s. 3114-3121
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles functionalized with L-cysteine (Cys-Fe3O4 NPs) was synthesized and fully characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and zeta potential measurements. The synthesized Cys-Fe(3)O(4)NPs has been evaluated as a highly adsorbent for the adsorption of a mixture of four rare earths RE3+ ions (La3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ and Y3+) from digested monazite solutions. The influence of various factors on the adsorption efficiency such as, the contact time, sample pH, temperature, and concentration of the stripping solution were investigated. The results indicate that Cys-Fe3O4 NPs achieve high removal efficiency 96.7, 99.3, 96.5 and 87% for La3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ and Y3+ ions, respectively, at pH = 6 within 15 min, and the adsorbent affinity for metal ions was found to be in order of Nd3+ > La3+ > Gd3+ > Y3+ ions. Using the Langmuir model, a maximum adsorption capacity of La3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ and Y3+ at room temperature was found to be 71.5, 145.5, 64.5 and 13.6 mg g (1), respectively. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order model fitted much better than the other isotherms and kinetic models. The obtained results for the thermodynamic parameters confirmed the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. Moreover, the desorption was carried out with 0.1 M nitric acid solutions. In addition, Cys-Fe3O4 NPs can be used as a highly efficient adsorbent for the adsorption of La3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ and Y3+ ions from digested monazite solutions.
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| 24. |
- Atasoy, Merve, PhD, 1990-, et al.
(author)
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Butyric acid dominant volatile fatty acids production : Bio-Augmentation of mixed culture fermentation by Clostridium butyricum
- 2020
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In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2213-3437. ; 8:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The most sustainable and environmentally friendly butyric acid production method is fermentation; however, low production yield and high substrate cost limit the competition with petrol-based production. The study is aimed to enhance butyric acid production via bioaugmentated mixed culture by Clostridium butyricum. Anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (bioaugmented and control) were operated under alkali pH (pH 10) at 35 °C and fed by dairy industry wastewater as substrate. The performance of bioaugmentation was monitored in three stages: before the application, during the application (C. butyricum was injected as %10 of active reactor volume on a daily basis for seven days), after bioaugmentation. The VFA concentration and composition (by GC-FID) with the copy gene number of C. butyricum (by Q-PCR) were monitored in the bioaugmented reactor during the operation. The bioaugmentation of C. butyricum increased butyric acid production (mgCOD L-1) from 260 ± 36 to 2889 ± 180. The total VFA production (mgCOD L-1) was increased from 1434 ± 217 to 4642 ± 1778 in control and bioaugmented reactors, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the gene copies of C. butyricum with butyric, hexanoic, n-heptanoic, valeric acids production. Furthermore, the bioaugmented mixed culture had better performance than pure culture regarding butyric acid production. The cycle analysis showed that the similar butyric acid production efficiency would be obtained in the first 6 h in the bioaugmented reactor, in the first 14 h in the control reactor of the cycle. The study provides a fundamental solution to step forward to achieve next-generation biorefineries by using both monocultures modularity and mixed culture robustness and stability regarding.
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| 25. |
- Bajwa, Anjali, et al.
(author)
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Removal of volatile organic compounds over bagasse ash derived activated carbons and monoliths
- 2016
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In: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3437. ; 4:2, s. 1561-1573
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The unburned carbon in bagasse ash was separated and used as a starting material for activated carbon and carbon monolith preparation. The separated carbon was steam activated in a rotary kiln under different conditions and compared with carbon activated in limited supply of air. The activated carbon from the rotary kiln showed surface areas ranging from 324 to 601 m(2)/g. Different phenolic resins and cellulosic binders were used to prepare the monoliths using slurry casting method. The effects of different preparation conditions on the properties of the monolith were studied. Upon monolith formation, the surface area was reduced slightly and surface areas in the range 92-479 m(2)/g were achieved. The activated carbons and monoliths were tested for static adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using benzene, xylene, hexane and toluene as model compounds. With the activated carbons, adsorption capacities as high as 22.5, 31.1, 27.5 and 25.0 g/100 g sample were obtained for toluene, benzene, xylene and hexane, respectively. The adsorption capacities were reduced for the corresponding monoliths. The waste derived activated carbons and monoliths show promising results as adsorbents for the removal of volatile organic compounds.
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