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- Lind, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating visually distracted driver reactions in rear-end crashes and near crashes based on 100-car study data
- 2012
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Ingår i: In D. de Waard, N. Merat, A.H. Jamson, Y. Barnard, and O.M.J. Carsten (Eds.) (2012). Human Factors of Systems and Technology. - 9789042304161 ; , s. 201-211
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rear-end crashes are common accident scenarios and account for approximately 30% of all police-reported accidents in the United States. Previous studies have shown that driver inattention just before the rear-end crashes or near crashes is a major contributing factor. To improve the development of active safety systems, which take into account driver inattention, it is important to understand when and how the driver reacts; from the moment the driver shifts state from being distracted to attentive and becomes aware of the potential threat. This paper investigates the reaction (braking, steering) selection that visually distracted drivers make in a critical rear-end crash situation using the 100-car naturalistic driving study data. A simple model describing the driver’s perception reaction time (PRT) based on headway distance to the forward vehicle is presented. The results presented in this paper can assist further studies where more data will be available and help elucidate how people react to critical near crashes and crashes on road.
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| 2. |
- Peters, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Developing a unified model of driving behaviour for cars and trains
- 2012
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Ingår i: Human factors of Systems and Technology. - Maastricht : Shaker Publishing. - 9042304162 - 9789042304161 ; , s. 343-357
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A unified model of driver behaviour and driver interaction with innovative technologies was developed in the European project ITERATE. The model aims to be applicable for all surface transport modes. As a basis of the model development it was assumed that underlying factors influencing human behaviour such as age, gender, culture etc. are constant between transport modes. The model can be of great use when designing innovative technologies since it will allow for assessment and tuning of the systems in a safe and controllable environment without use in real traffic. This paper presents the results of a set of driving simulator experiments carried out to support the model development process. The experiments are unique in the sense that common scenarios were run on two identical portable driving simulator platforms circulated among project partners across five countries as well as full scale train and car driving simulators. This allowed a large number of subjects to take part in the experiment. An important finding from the experiments was that country/culture was found to be a significant factor for almost all performance indicators in both car and train experiments. Furthermore, it seems like small scale simulators provide comparable results as more advanced simulators.
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