| 1. |
- Björk, Lisa, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Under pressure - The working situation of Swedish healthcare managers during the first wave of COVID-19
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThe aim of this study is to provide insight into the psychosocial work situation of hospital managers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodsMixed-effect modelling was used on survey data on job demands, job resources, job motivation, and work-life balance among over 500 managers working in 55 departments of a large Swedish university hospital in 2019 and 2020. Responses from 6011 employees were then used to stratify the analysis for COVID-19 exposure. Inductive content analysis was applied to open-ended questions on the managers' views on organisational prerequisites during the onset of the pandemic. ResultsThe proportion of managers reporting difficulties with role clarity, quantitative demands, decision-making authority, and emotional support, time for recovery at work, motivation deficits, or problems with work-life balance clearly increased during the first wave of the pandemic. The proportion of managers reporting negative responses was higher in departments with high COVID-19 exposure. The qualitative analysis shows that overall governance in terms of clear, fair, and well-communicated routines, resource allocation, and division of responsibilities constituted an important framework for managerial during the crisis. First-line managers also require a mandate to re-organize their roles and their teams to successfully adapt to the situation. Organisational and social support was also important resources. DiscussionThis is the first study investigating healthcare managers' work situation during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in a Swedish context. As expected, it indicates an increasingly strained work situation during the crisis, but it also provides findings on organisational prerequisites that allow healthcare managers to cope with stressful situations. In line with previous research on organisational resilience, the study provides suggestions for how higher-level managers can act in order to provide front-line managers with the organisational prerequisites they need to adapt, learn and develop successfully during times of unpredictability, insecurity, and rapid change in order to offer the best possible support to health care workers.
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| 2. |
- Ahlstrand, Christina, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Reliabilitetstestning av Purdue Pegboard® (finmotoriktest).
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I MQ-FAS studien, vars syfte var att ändra muskelspänningsmönstret hos kvinnor med kroniska nackbesvär, ingick ett besticktorkningsmoment som en standardiserad arbetsuppgift i hemmet. För validering av denna besticktorkning har en pilotstudie genomförts, 12 personer torkade bestick vid två tillfällen. I studien, som utfördes av 2 testledare, ingick även ett finmotorikstest (Purdue Pegboard), ansträngningsskattning (Borg RPE-skalan) samt ett frågeformulär. Detta test kan med vissa justeringar troligen vara användbart som ett mått på arbetsförmåga av övre extremiteter vid utförande av arbetssyssla i hemmet, och jämföra individ med sig själv, för att mäta om funktionsnedsättning eller ökning har skett. Dock skall poängteras att detta var en pilotstudie och ytterligare studie av reliabilitet och validitet rekommenderas innan testet används i stor utsträckning för att mäta om funktionsnedsättning eller ökning har skett.
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| 3. |
- Alexiou, Eirini, et al.
(författare)
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A Survey of Psychiatric Healthcare Workers' Perception of Working Environment and Possibility to Recover Before and After the First Wave of COVID-19 in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-0640. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived working environment, including the possibility to recover, among psychiatric healthcare workers (PHCWs) in comparison with pre-pandemic measures. Method: A link to an anonymous, web-based COVID-19 related survey was sent via email to all PHCWs at a university hospital in Sweden (n = 1,618) in September 2020. The response rate was 38% (566 of 1,507 eligible participants). Working environment survey responses collected in 2019 were used as pre-pandemic comparators. Statistical analyses were performed to assess overall impact over time on work demands, support, motivation, and recovery, stratified by professional role, and considering variables such as access to personal protective equipment. Results: The percentage of individuals responding negatively to statements about working environment increased significantly for most items after the first wave. Similarly, the increase of five of the investigated factors indicated a more negative perception of recovery during the pandemic. Registered nurses reported a greater negative impact of the pandemic on perceived working conditions and ability to recover than other professional groups. PHCWs working with patients with COVID-19 (35%) who reported being worried about becoming infected (12%) or infecting others (17%), or lacking adequate personal protective equipment (22%) were more negatively impacted regarding work environment-related items than those who did not. Conclusions: PHCWs' working environment and possibility for recovery were impacted by the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses being most affected. Although psychiatric services do not directly care for patients with severe COVID-19 infection, the results from this study suggests that mental health services should also prepare for future pandemics.
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| 4. |
- Andreasson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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Professional Bureaucracy and Health Care Managers' Planned Change Strategies: Governance in Swedish Health Care
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - : Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library. - 2245-0157. ; 8:1, s. 23-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To increase efficiency and quality, process development has been implemented in many Swedish hospitals. These hospitals are usually organized as professional bureaucracies in which health care managers have limited decision control. The new governance principles has been implemented without removing bureaucratic elements. This study analyzes how managers implement planned change in these professional bureaucracies, considering if managers coaching style, organizational preconditions, implementation strategy, appraisal of change and clinic autonomy, is associated with health care process quality (HPQ). The study is based on interviews with health care managers and longitudinal assessments of HPQ. The results revealed significant differences between coaching style, organizational preconditions, and HPQ over time. The conclusion is that leadership and preconditions is of importance for the health care manager's ability to work with planned change, as that the health care managers understand how management methods, governance principles, and professional bureaucracies work in practice.
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| 5. |
- Andreasson, Jörgen, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of healthcare managers’ organizational preconditions and support resources for their appraisal of planned change and its outcomes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Hospital Administration. - : Sciedu Press. - 1927-6990 .- 1927-7008. ; 6:1, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Healthcare managers are expected to lead and manage planned organizational change intended to improve healthcare process quality. However, their complex working conditions offer limited decision control, and healthcare managers often feel ill prepared and inadequately supported to perform their duties. Healthcare managers have previously described their need for organizational support, but we lack knowledge of the preconditions and resources that help managers implement planned change. Methods: This prospective cohort study examined healthcare managers at three Swedish hospitals implementing lean production and two Swedish hospitals implementing their own improvement model. Questionnaire data from 2012, 2103, and 2014 were used in following up. We used t-tests and a linear mixed model design in analysing the data. Results: Healthcare managers who perceived strong support from managers, employees, colleagues, and the organization and managers with the longest managerial experience had the least negative appraisal of change. Managers who perceived strong support from employees, management, and the organizational structure perceived higher levels of healthcare process quality. Conclusions: Long managerial experience and strong support from managers, employees, and the organization are important for managers’ appraisal of, work on, and successful implementation of planned change. Top management must therefore ensure that the healthcare managers have sufficient managerial experience and support before they delegate to them the responsibility to implement planned change.
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| 6. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Myofeedback training and intensive muscular strength training to decrease pain and improve work ability among female workers on long-term sick leave with neck pain: a randomized controlled trial
- 2011
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Ingår i: International archives of occupational and environmental health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 84:3, s. 335-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The theoretical framework is that muscle tension in the neck is related to insufficient muscular rest and is a risk factor for chronic pain and reduced work ability. Promoting muscle strength and muscle rest may increase work ability and reduce neck pain. Objectives To test whether myofeedback training or intensive strength training leads to decreased pain and increased work ability in women on long-term sick leave. Methods This is a randomized controlled trial of two 1-month interventions with myofeedback or muscular strength training in the home environment. Female human service organization workers (n = 60) on long-term (>60 days) sick leave and with chronic neck pain were followed with self-reported and laboratory-observed data of health, pain, muscular activation, and work ability, at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 3 months after baseline. Results For both intervention groups, pain was lowered over time compared with the control group. Decreased pain and muscular activity was associated with increased self-rated work ability and with laboratory-observed work ability at 3-month follow-up. Decreased pain was also associated with increased self-rated work ability at 1-month follow-up. Muscular strength training was associated with increased self-rated work ability and mental health. Myofeedback was associated with increased observed work ability and self- rated vitality. Conclusions The two interventions showed positive results, suggesting that they could be developed for use in health care practice to address pain and work ability. The intensive muscular strength training program, which is both easy to conduct at home and easy to coach, was associated with increased work ability.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Frödin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of implementing a preventive urinary catheter care bundle in hip fracture patients
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Infection Prevention. - : SAGE Publications. - 1757-1774 .- 1757-1782. ; 23:2, s. 41-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Urinary catheter (UC)–associated infections are one of the most common preventable healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and they frequently occur in older, frail populations. Aim: The study aim was to describe the incidence of UC-associated infection in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery after implementing a preventive care bundle. Methods: A longitudinal prospective study using a before-and-after design. The bundle was theory driven and involved the co-creation of a standard operational procedure, education and practical training sessions. Prospectively collected registry data were analysed. Univariable statistics and multivariable logistic regressions were used for analyses. Results: 2,408 patients with an acute hip fracture were included into the study. There was an overall reduction in UC catheter associated-associated urinary tract infections, from 18.5% (n = 75/406) over time to 4.2% (n = 27/647). When adjusting for all identified confounders, patients in phase 4 were 74% less likely to contract an UC-associated infection (OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.15–0.45, p < 0.0001). Discussion: Bundled interventions can reduce UC-associated infections substantially, even in elderly frail patients. Partnership and co-creation as implementation strategies appear to be promising in the fight against HAI.
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| 9. |
- Granqvist, Karin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Central aspects when implementing an electronic monitoring system for assessing hand hygiene in clinical settings: A grounded theory study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Infection Prevention. - 1757-1774 .- 1757-1782. ; 25:3, s. 51-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: New technologies, such as electronic monitoring systems, have been developed to promote increased adherence to hand hygiene among healthcare workers. However, challenges when implementing these technologies in clinical settings have been identified. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore healthcare workers’ experiences when implementing an electronic monitoring system to assess hand hygiene in a clinical setting. Method: Interviews with healthcare workers (registered nurses, nurse assistants and leaders) involved in the implementation process of an electronic monitoring system (n = 17) were conducted and data were analyzed according to the grounded theory methodology formulated by Strauss and Corbin. Results: Healthcare workers’ experiences were expressed in terms of leading and facilitating, participating and contributing, and knowing and confirming. These three aspects were merged together to form the core category of collaborating for progress. Leaders were positive and committed to the implementation of the electronic monitoring system, endeavouring to enable facilitation and support for their co-workers (registered nurses and nurse assistants). At the same time, co-workers were positive about the support they received and contributed by raising questions and demands for the product to be used in clinical settings. Moreover, leaders and co-workers were aware of the objective of implementing the electronic monitoring system. Conclusion: We identified dynamic collective work between leaders and co-workers during the implementation of the electronic monitoring system. Leadership, participation and knowledge were central aspects of enhancing a collaborative process. We strongly recommend involving both ward leaders and users of new technologies to promote successful implementation.
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| 10. |
- Granqvist, Karin, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Learning to interact with new technology: Health care workers’ experiences of using a monitoring system for assessing hand hygiene – a grounded theory study
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Journal of Infection Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 0196-6553 .- 1527-3296. ; 50:6, s. 651-656
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Recently, innovative technologies for hand hygiene (HH) monitoring have been developed to improve HH adherence in health care. This study explored health care workers’ experiences of using an electronic monitoring system to assess HH adherence. Methods: An electronic monitoring system with digital feedback was installed on a surgical ward and interviews with health care workers using the system (n = 17) were conducted. The data were analyzed according to grounded theory by Strauss and Corbin. Results: Health care workers’ experiences were expressed in terms of having trust in the monitoring system, requesting system functionality and ease of use and becoming aware of one's own performance. This resulted in the core category of learning to interact with new technology, summarized as the main strategy when using an electronic monitoring system in clinical settings. The system with digital feedback improved the awareness of HH and individual feedback was preferable to group feedback. Conclusions: Being involved in using and managing a technical innovation for assessing HH adherence in health care is a process of formulating a strategy for learning to interact with new technology. The importance of inviting health care workers to participate in the co-design of technical innovations is crucial, as it creates both trust in the innovation per se and trust in the process of learning how to use it.
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| 11. |
- Hedén, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Individual response technology to promote active learning within the caring sciences: An experimental research study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 36, s. 202-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: One major challenge in delivering lectures to large and diverse classes is the maintenance of a high standard of lecturing in order to engage students and increase their participation and involvement. The lecturer's assignment is to arrange and prepare the lecture before teaching, hence enabling students' enhanced learning. Individual response technology could encourage Students' active learning and activate higher cognitive levels. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate individual response technology as a complement during lectures for students in higher education, in terms of the students' experiences of participation, engagement, and active learning. Also of interest was whether this technology can be considered a supportive technical system. Design: Data were collected through a questionnaire where levels of each condition were reported on a numeric rating scale (0-10) at baseline and after the introduction of individual response technology. To get a broader perspective, two types of lectures (pediatric and statistical) were included, giving a total of four assessment times. Participants: The participants comprised 59 students in Bachelor of Nursing program at a Swedish metropolitan university. Results: Overall, when individual response technology was used, students reported increased experience of engagement (n = 82, mean 6.1 vs. is = 65, mean 7.3, p < 0.001), participation (n = 92, mean 6.1 vs. n = 79, mean 7.7, p < 0.001), and active learning (n = 92, mean 73 vs. n = 79, mean 8.2 p < 0.001). Additionally, the students experienced this technology as a supportive technical system during lectures (mean 6.6 vs. mean 8.1, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The use of individual response technology during teaching is one way to enhance students' experiences of engagement, participation, and learning within the caring sciences. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 12. |
- Jonsdottir, Ingibjörg H, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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A pre/post analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial work environment and recovery among healthcare workers in a large university hospital in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Public Health Research. - : SAGE Publications. - 2279-9028 .- 2279-9036. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on workload, mental health, and well-being of healthcare workers, and particularly those on the front-line, has received considerable attention. Design and methods: We surveyed hospital employees about their working environment during the pandemic and identified departments which were negatively affected in comparison to the pre-pandemic situation, as well as factors contributing to this. Setting and participants We surveyed all hospital employees at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden in September 2020 and compared results across departments and to the results of a large employee survey from October 2019. Results: The overall impact of the pandemic on perceived working conditions and possibility for recovery differed among departments. During the pandemic, healthcare workers working with COVID-19 patients reported poorer working environments than other employees. Factors significantly related to perception of work environment and recovery during the pandemic included worries of being infected, departmental transfer, and having insufficient access to personal protective equipment. Men reported better working conditions than women in all, but one item and higher age was related to better perceived working environment. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the pandemic differentially affects hospital departments and underscores the multifactorial nature of this topic. Contributing factors to poor perceived working environment could be addressed at times of high workload, such as during the pandemic, including providing appropriate support to managers, ensuring possibility for recovery during working hours, and acknowledging worries about infection. Young healthcare workers and staff who are relocated due to the pandemic warrant special attention.
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| 13. |
- Rasmussen, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Letter to the editor
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 79:7, s. 2774-2775
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Rydström, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
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Importance of social capital at the workplace for return to work among women with a history of long-term sick leave: a cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Bmc Nursing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6955. ; 16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The workplace is an essential source of social capital for many people; it provides mutual support and gives meaning to life. However, few prospective studies have thoroughly investigated the importance of aspects of social capital in the workplace. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between aspects of social capital (social support, sense of community, and quality of leadership) at the workplace, and work ability, working degree, and vitality among women with a history of long-term sick leave from human service organizations. Methods: A longitudinal cohort study was performed among women with a history of long-term sick leave. The study started in 2005, and the women were followed up at 6 months, 1 year, and 6 years using self-reported questionnaires (baseline n = 283). Linear mixed models were used for longitudinal analysis of the repeated measurements of prospective degree of work ability, working degree, and vitality. Analyses were performed with different models; the explanatory variables for each model were social support, sense of community, and quality of leadership and time. Results: Social capital in terms of quality of leadership (being good at solving conflicts and giving high priority to job satisfaction), sense of community (co-operation between colleagues) and social support (help and support from immediate superiors and colleagues) increased the women's work ability score (WAS) as well as working degree over time. Additionally, social capital in terms of quality of leadership increased the women's vitality score over time. Conclusions: A sustainable return-to-work process among individuals with a history of long-term sick leave, going in and out of work participation, could be supported with social support, good quality of leadership, and a sense of community at the workplace. The responsibility for the rehabilitation process can not be reduced to an individual problem, but ought to include all stakeholders involved in the process, such as managers, colleagues, health care services, and the social security agency.
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| 16. |
- Seth Caous, Josefin, et al.
(författare)
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Instrument tables equipped with local unidirectional airflow units reduce bacterial contamination during orthopedic implant surgery in an operating room with a displacement ventilation system
- 2022
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Ingår i: Infection Prevention in Practice. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2590-0889. ; 4:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Airborne bacteria present in the operating room may be a cause of surgical site infection, either contaminating the surgical wound directly, or indirectly via e.g. surgical instruments. The aim of this study was to evaluate if instrument and assistant tables equipped with local unidirectional airflow reduce bacterial contamination of the instrument area to ultra clean levels, during orthopedic implant surgery in an operating room with displacement ventilation. Methods: Local airflow units of instrument and assistant tables were either active or inactive. Colony forming units were sampled intraoperatively from the air above the instruments and from instrument dummies. A minimum of three air samples and two-three samples from instrument dummies were taken during each surgery. Samples were incubated on agar for total aerobic bacterial count. The mean air and instrument contamination during each surgery was calculated and used to analyze the difference in contamination depending on use of local airflow or not. All procedures were performed in the same OR. Results: 188 air and 124 instrument samples were collected during 48 orthopedic implant procedures. Analysis showed that local unidirectional airflow above the surgical instruments significantly reduced the bacterial count in the air above assistant table (P<0.001) and instrument table (P=0.002), as well as on the instrument dummies from the assistant table (P=0.001). Conclusions: Instrumentation tables equipped with local unidirectional airflow protect the surgical instruments from bacterial contamination during orthopedic implant surgery and may therefore reduce the risk of indirect wound contamination. © 2022 The Authors
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| 17. |
- Strömgren, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Leadership quality: a factor important for social capital in healthcare organizations
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Health, Organisation and Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1477-7266 .- 1758-7247. ; 31:2, s. 175-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017, © Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between leadership and social capital and what qualities of leadership are important for social capital among employees in hospital settings over time. Design/methodology/approach: A cohort of employees in hospitals answered a questionnaire at three occasions. Five small (approx. 100-bed) or mid-sized (approx. 500-bed) hospitals were included. The response rate was 54 percent at baseline (n=865), 59 percent at one-year follow-up (n=908) and 67 percent at two-year follow-up (n=632). Findings: Repeated measures over time showed differences between groups in levels of social capital with respect to levels of leadership quality. Relation-oriented leadership had the strongest association with social capital. There was evidence that leadership was associated with social capital over time and that different kinds of leadership qualities we re associated with social capital. Research limitations/implications: This study conducted and analyzed quantitative data, and therefore, there is no knowledge of managers’ or employees’ own perceptions in this study. However, it would be interesting to compare managers’ decreased and increased leadership quality and how such differences affect social capital over time. Practical implications: The findings feature the possibility for healthcare leaders to build high quality leadership as an important resource for social capital, by using different leadership orientations under different circumstances. Originality/value: The paper showed that leadership was an important factor for building social capital and that different leadership qualities have different importance with respect to certain circumstances.
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| 18. |
- Strömgren, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of leadership quality for social capital
- 2016
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Ingår i: Wellbeing at work. - Amsterdam : Wellbeing at work.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives Social capital (trust, reciprocity and recognition) has in earlier research shown to be important for employees´ job satisfaction and to health care staffs´ engagement in clinical improvements of patient safety and quality of care. Since that it would be of interest to investigate which factors influences workplace social capital. Research findings shows that leadership has importance to staffs´ health and wellbeing and affects factors in the work environment factors as job satisfaction and work engagement. If and how leadership is associated with social capital is rarely described in previous research. However the few studies performed indicate that there are associated correlations between leadership and social capital, and leadership quality and social capital. The aim was to assess the importance of leadership quality for workplace social capital in hospital settings. Methods This study was a longitudinal cohort study. Questionnaires to physicians, nurses, assistant nurses at five Swedish hospitals was used to collect data (T0, n=865, T1, n=908, T2, n=602). Leadership quality was assessed from Copenhagen psychosocial questionnaire (COPSOQ) and social capital was assessed from both COPSOQ and modern work life questionnaire. Bivariate analyses was used and a mixed model repeated measurement for the longitudinal analyses were performed. Logistic regression were performed to investigate the impact of leadership quality on social capital. Results Relationship between quality of leadership and social capital was found (R = 0.58, p-value <0.0001). Differences in levels of social capital between the groups of low, medium and high levels in quality of leadership was found. Differences between the groups sustained over time. Results of the logistic regression showed that when leadership quality increased social capital increased by three times( 3.0 [1.9 - 4.6] ). Conclusion Leadership qualities were related to-, had importance for- and influenced workplace social capital among health care staff. Managers with high levels of leadership quality have greater possibilities to engage employees in organizational development than managers with medium or low levels of leadership quality. Accordingly it is relevant for managers to maintain or develop these skills with respect to leadership quality.
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| 19. |
- Thomée, Sara, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Test av ett datoriserat uppmärksamhetstest: Påverkar språket resultaten? En jämförelse av amerikansk originalversion och svensk version av IVA
- 2014
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IVA+Plus Inte grated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA+) är ett amerikanskt dator iserat test som mäter auditiv och visuell uppmärksamhet. I samband med forskningsprojektet GODA testades försökspersoner och deras kontroller med ett IVA+ som anpassats till svenska. Preliminära resultat i studien tydde på en snedfördelning mellan auditiva och visuella delskalor. En studie genomfördes därför med syfte att jämföra den amerikanska originalversionen och den svenska anpassade versionen. Tjugosju personer i åldrarna 18 - 60 år testades med IVA+ två gånger med 7 - 20 dagars mellanrum (mv 8,08), ena gången med den amerikanska originalversionen och andra gången med den svenska versionen. Hälften började med den amerikanska och hälften med den svenska versionen. De två språkversionerna skiljde sig åt genom att auditiv responstid var något snabbare i d en svenska versionen (33 ms). Desto större skillnader framkom dock mellan auditiv och visuell responstid inom både den amerikanska och den svenska versionen av IVA+. Auditiv responstid var i båda språkversionerna mer än 1 standardavvikelse bättre än det no rmerade genomsnittet, medan visuell responstid låg nära förväntat värde. Skillnader framkom också i ytterligare några subskalor. Det visade sig i kontakt med testförlaget BrainTrain Inc, att det varit känt sedan 2011 att den svenska ljudfilen var något sna bb och att detta hade korrigerats för i senare versioner av testet. Genom att lägga till 31 ms till de auditiva responserna i vårt dataset kunde skillnaderna mellan språkversionerna jämnas ut. Oavsett detta, tycks både originalversionen och den anpassade s venska versionen av IVA+ ha innehållit ett systematiskt fel som ger ett bättre än förväntat resultat avseende auditiv snabbhet vid våra datainsamlingar. Bl a testledareffekt och selektionsbias diskuteras som tänkbara förklaringar till resultaten. Mest sann olikt är dock att något i tekniken påverkar resultaten, t ex genom en felklockning av stimuli och/eller respons. Detta gör att de standardiserade normerna knappast kan tillämpas på den insamlade datan. På grund av osäkerheten i vad felet består krävs stor försiktighet även vid framtida datainsamling och särskilt vid klinisk tillämpning av testresultaten. I forskningsstudier bör det vara mindre problematiskt så länge testningarna används för att jämföra grupper eller för att göra för - och eftermätningar för att t ex utvärdera en intervention, dvs där resultaten kan vara oberoende av normeringen. Det är dock troligtvis viktigt att samma hård - och mjukvara används till samtliga testningar.
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| 20. |
- Åhlström, Linda, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of three interactive examination designs in active learning classrooms for nursing students
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Nursing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6955. ; 20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Despite the advantages of using active learning strategies in nursing education, researchers have rarely investigated how such pedagogic approaches can be used to assess students or how interactive examinations can be modified depending on circumstances of practice (e.g., in online education). Aims The aim was to compare three interactive examination designs, all based on active learning pedagogy, in terms of nursing students’ engagement and preparedness, their learning achievement, and instructional aspects. Methods A comparative research design was used including final-year undergraduate nursing students. All students were enrolled in a quality improvement course at a metropolitan university in Sweden. In this comparative study to evaluate three course layouts, participants (Cohort 1, n = 89; Cohort 2, n = 97; Cohort 3, n = 60) completed different examinations assessing the same course content and learning objectives, after which they evaluated the examinations on a questionnaire in numerical and free-text responses. Chi-squared tests were conducted to compare background variables between the cohorts and Kruskal–Wallis H tests to assess numerical differences in experiences between cohorts. Following the guidelines of the Good Reporting of a Mixed Methods Study (GRAMMS), a sequential mixed-methods analysis was performed on the quantitative findings, and the qualitative findings were used complementary to support the interpretation of the quantitative results. Results The 246 students who completed the questionnaire generally appreciated the interactive examination in active learning classrooms. Among significant differences in the results, Cohort 2 (e.g., conducted the examination on campus) scored highest for overall positive experience and engagement, whereas Cohort 3 (e.g., conducted the examination online) scored the lowest. Students in Cohort 3 generally commended the online examination’s chat function available for use during the examination. Conclusions Interactive examinations for nursing students succeed when they are campus-based, focus on student preparation, and provide the necessary time to be completed.
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| 21. |
- Åhlström, Linda, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Discussing philosophy of nursing as means to articulating and critiquing disciplinary thoughts related to nursing
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oral presentation at the 22nd International Philosophy of Nursing Conference (IPONS) in Galway, Irland, August 23-25, 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this presentation we will share reflections of an initiative within an interdisciplinary nursing faculty to create a safe space for junior faculty members to have critical discussions about nursing as a subject and an area for teaching. The purpose is to present the format for the ‘safe space’ created as well as examples of critical remarks about nursing generated in these discussions. First, some features of the context for our nursing faculty will be highlighted. Interdisciplinarity is a central characteristic. Research and the doctoral education programme are organized interdisciplinary – which is common elsewhere too – however the undergraduate and master’s programme is primarily built up by courses in nursing. In Sweden, nursing disciplinary discussions has for the last decades been framed by a discussion focusing on nursing science versus caring science. Secondly, the format for the course and seminars offered for junior faculty members will be presented including philosophy of nursing texts. Thirdly, examples of the critical remarks raised in the discussions will focus on an often mentioned problematic ‘theory–practice gap’ in the nursing discourse. This gap will be questioned as problematic, while tensions between theory (research, education) and practice can be necessary and fruitful. Finally, we will share a few experiential outcomes of the discussions, which could be summarized as participating in a think tank. The notion that nursing is hard to define, was something the participants had become more confident with and incorporated in their disciplinary views as well as embracing a sense of both proudness and a critical stance to the heritage of nursing knowledge tradition.
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| 22. |
- Åhlström, Linda, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Female Human Service Organisation workers with neck pain and a history of Long-term Sick Leave; approaches used in the rehabilitation process for return to work
- 2016
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Ingår i: Work Disability Prevention and Integration. 25-28 September, Amsterdam, Netherlands.. ; 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives Studies have reported difficulties in the process of rehabilitation and return to work (RTW) from long-term sick leave, both in general and regarding sick leave because of neck pain in particular. Neck pain is difficult to assess, problematic to rehabilitate, and hard to cure; and it is not always easy to decide whether the pain is work-related. The outcome of RTW could be dependent upon individuals’ approaches, defensive or offensive behaviors, and choices related to their self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to identify approaches used in the RTW process among women with neck pain on long-term sick leave from human service organizations. Methods A qualitative study based on grounded theory. A Swedish cohort of 207 women with a history of long-term sick leave with neck pain from human service organizations answered open-ended written questions at 0, 6, and 12 months, and 6 years; and 16 women were interviewed. Results The women with neck pain expressed their coping approaches to RTW in terms of fluctuating in work status over time, either as a strategy or as a consequence. Periods of sick leave were interwoven with periods of work, with different working degrees. Participants were either controlling the interaction or struggling in the interaction with stakeholders. Conclusions The knowledge gained in this study could improve the outcomes for RTW for the women with neck pain and with a history of long-term sick leave. If the society and especially the workplace can take the fluctuating work status into account this could enhance the RTW process for these individuals.
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| 23. |
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| 25. |
- Åhlström, Linda, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Interaktiv, engagerande och rättssäker examination
- 2022
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Ingår i: Använd rummet - högskolepedagogiska metoder för aktiva lärsalar.. - Lund : Studentlitteratur AB. - 9789144157795
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lärare har blivit allt mer medvetna om rummets pedagogiska betydelse och många svenska lärosäten har byggt salar som ger goda förutsättningar för studentaktivitet. Använd rummet är den första högskolepedagogiska boken på svenska om undervisning i Active Learning Classrooms (ALC), hybridsalar, flexsalar och laborativa salar. När lärare använder studentcentrerad och studentaktiv pedagogik i salarna får det positiva effekter på studenters aktivitetsgrad och prestationer. Använd rummet tar upp typiska metoder som kan användas och ger illustrativa och konkreta exempel på läraktiviteter med fokus på vad studenterna gör och varför. Boken presenterar också pedagogiska lärdomar om aktiva lärosalars betydelse för lärare, studenter och lärande, med en stor bredd av lärarerfarenheter från olika lärosäten, undervisningsnivåer och ämnen. Boken ger inspiration och tips till universitetslärare som är nyfikna på att börja använda aktiva lärosalar och till erfarna pedagoger som vill utveckla sin rumsliga kompetens.
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