| 1. |
- Allard, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Rasbiologiskt språkbruk i statens rättsprocess mot sameby : DN Debatt 2015-06-11
- 2015
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Statens hantering av forskningsresultat i rättsprocessen med Girjas sameby utgör ett hot mot Sverige som rättsstat och kunskapsnation. Åratal av svensk och internationell forskning underkänns och man använder ett språkbruk som skulle kunna vara hämtat från rasbiologins tid. Nu måste staten ta sitt ansvar och börja agera som en demokratisk rättsstat, skriver 59 forskare.
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| 2. |
- Åhman, Bertil
(författare)
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Pasteur Daniel Ndoundou : Dirigeant de réveil dans l’Église Évangélique du Congo
- 2016
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Le pasteur Daniel Ndoundou (1911-1986), de nationalité congolaise, a d’abord servi dans la Mission Évangélique Suédoise, ensuite dans l’Église Évangélique du Congo. Quand un réveil spirituel éclate en 1947, pasteur Ndoundou devient son dirigeant et son encadreur, un engagement qui fut le sien jusqu’à sa mort.Dans cet ouvrage, qui est la traduction d’une thèse de doctorat présentée à l’Université d’Uppsala, Suède, l’auteur décrit le rôle de ce dirigeant du Réveil, un réveil qui avait plusieurs aspects caractéristiques. La culture traditionnelle a marqué en grande partie ce Réveil, comme on pouvait le voir dans la liturgie, notamment dans les cantiques et l’utilisation des instruments de musique. Pour le dirigeant du Réveil, il fut toujours important de déterminer ce qui, dans les traditions et croyances traditionnelles, pouvait être accepté dans le Réveil et dans la vie de l’Église.L’auteur de cette thèse, de nationalité suédoise, a vécu plusieurs années dans les deux républiques Congo, et veut, à travers cette biographie, donner sa contribution à la documentation d’une époque passionnante de l’histoire de l’Église.
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| 3. |
- Byrskog, Ulrika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Rationale, development and feasibility of group antenatal care for immigrant women in Sweden : a study protocol for the Hooyo Project
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Somali-born women comprise a large group of immigrant women of childbearing age in Sweden, with increased risks for perinatal morbidity and mortality and poor experiences of care, despite the goal of providing equitable healthcare for the entire population. Rethinking how care is provided may help to improve outcomes.OVERALL AIM: To develop and test the acceptability, feasibility and immediate impacts of group antenatal care for Somali-born immigrant women, in an effort to improve experiences of antenatal care, knowledge about childbearing and the Swedish healthcare system, emotional well-being and ultimately, pregnancy outcomes. This protocol describes the rationale, planning and development of the study.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: An intervention development and feasibility study. Phase I includes needs assessment and development of contextual understanding using focus group discussions. In phase II, the intervention and evaluation tools, based on core values for quality care and person-centred care, are developed. Phase III includes the historically controlled evaluation in which relevant outcome measures are compared for women receiving individual care (2016-2018) and women receiving group antenatal care (2018-2019): care satisfaction (Migrant Friendly Maternity Care Questionnaire), emotional well-being (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), social support, childbirth fear, knowledge of Swedish maternity care, delivery outcomes. Phase IV includes the process evaluation, investigate process, feasibility and mechanisms of impact using field notes, observations, interviews and questionnaires. All phases are conducted in collaboration with a stakeholder reference group.ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study is approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board, Stockholm, Sweden. Participants receive information about the study and their right to decline/withdraw without consequences. Consent is given prior to enrolment. Findings will be disseminated at antenatal care units, national/international conferences, through publications in peer-reviewed journals, seminars involving stakeholders, practitioners, community and via the project website. Participating women will receive a summary of results in their language.
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| 10. |
- Kindberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Large carnivore conservation and traditional pastoralism: A case study on bear–reindeer predation mitigation measures
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ecosphere. - 2150-8925. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While wildlife and cultural preservation goals can be either complimentary or counteractive, the goals of large carnivore conservation and traditional pastoralist lifestyles are often at odds. Livestock depredation can negatively impact the economies of livestock herders, while subsequent lethal removals contribute to local carnivore population declines. Here, we collaborated with two Sámi reindeer herding communities (2010–2016) situated in Sweden's boreal forest to evaluate the efficacy and economic feasibility of three brown bear predation mitigation measures: corralling pregnant reindeer during parturition, lethal bear management removals, and public bear-license hunting. Calving corrals increased survival for reindeer calves born to average-sized females by 7%–15%, and by 14%–30% for calves born to small females. However, the realized cost of implementing calving corrals outweighed the financial gain for both our study areas (net losses ranged between €1111 and €6210 per calf saved from bear predation per year when using the updated 2021 calf value; 1€ [Euro] = US$1.1), as well as for almost every theoretical scenario we explored (net losses €234 and €13,995 per calf saved from bear predation). The exception was the theoretical scenario where small herding communities overlapped large bear populations, which crossed the breakeven efficacy bear/reindeer ratio of 13.5 bears/100 reindeer and had a potential net gain of €36 per saved calf. Similarly, the cost of lethal management removals of bears outweighed the potential financial gain from saved calves, with net losses between €75 and €239 per calf. License hunting, where the hunters voluntarily incur the monetary costs of removing bears, is in most cases the only economically viable mitigation measure where the cost of mitigation did not outweigh the financial gain from increased reindeer survival. While the annual public license hunt was the most cost-effective mitigation measure, it may be less biologically effective, that is, bear hunting occurs in the fall and reindeer parturition the following spring which leaves time for the empty niche of harvested bears to be filled by survivors. Economically and biologically effective predation mitigation measures are key for promoting coexistence, and we suggest that potential mitigation measures should be studied in collaboration with local people.
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| 11. |
- Lindberg, Mikaela, et al.
(författare)
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Djurens roll för livsmedelsförsörjningen i en föränderlig miljö – utmaningar och kunskapsbehov
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vilka utmaningar står framtidens djurhållning inför? Prognoserna spår en växande global befolkning, ökad efterfrågan på kött, fisk, ägg och mejeriprodukter, begränsad tillgång på mark, minskad biologisk mångfald och kanske oåterkalleliga globala klimatoch miljöförändringar. Smittor som kan spridas från djur till människa och från vilda djur till tama i kombination med ökande antibiotikaresistens är ytterligare exempel på utmaningar som vi måste hantera. Målsättningen med den här rapporten är att den ska vara en källa till fakta för studenter, forskare, lärare, lantbrukare, beslutsfattare, journalister och andra som vill veta mera om djurhållning, miljö och klimat. Rapporten är författad av flera forskare inom husdjursvetenskap och veterinärmedicin och den här upplagan är en uppdaterad version av den tidigare ”Lantbrukets djur i en föränderlig miljö” som kom ut 2009. Förutsättningarna för livsmedelsproduktion skiljer sig i olika delar av världen och även i olika delar av vårt land.I ett hållbart livsmedelssystem måste alla resurser beaktas och olika typer av grödor och system passar olika väl på olika platser. En del mark passar bättre för djurhållning, annan mark passar bättre till odling av grödor som blir livsmedel. Det bästa systemet kan också vara att växla mellan livsmedelsgrödor och fodergrödor på samma mark. Frågor kring livsmedelsproduktion och hållbarhet är ofta komplexa och det är viktigt att samarbeta tvärvetenskapligt för att komma fram till lösningar. Stort tack till alla medförfattare samt till Markus Langeland, forskare vid institutionen för husdjurens utfodring och vård (HUV) som granskat kapitlet om akvakultur och till Professor Sigrid Agenäs vid HUV som kommit med värdefulla inspel på texten i sin helhet. Arbetet med denna upplaga av rapporten har finansierats av SLU Future Food.
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| 12. |
- Löf, Annette, et al.
(författare)
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Governing maximum reindeer numbers in Fennoscandia
- 2022
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Ingår i: Reindeer Husbandry and Global Environmental Change : Pastoralism in Fennoscandia. - London : Routledge. - 9780367632670 ; , s. 173-188
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter examines the complexities and challenges in state governance of the maximum permitted number of reindeer in Finland, Norway and Sweden. The common findings regarding the three countries are that (1) maximum permitted numbers of reindeer set by the nation states primarily seem to promote objectives other than those of herders; (2) various contextual aspects (e.g., laws, other land users, trends in science, herding practices and historical developments) partly explain the sustainable maximum permitted numbers; (3) reductionist assessments of pasture – reindeer relations easily neglect the impacts of other land users on condition and availability of pastures, thereby making the assessments biased and stigmatizing herders for alleged overgrazing. The chapter also explores issues related to reindeer numbers that vary across the three countries including (4) herders’ opportunities to participate in knowledge production and resulting decisions over maximum reindeer numbers, (5) clashes between herders’ experience and practice-based knowledge and scientific knowledge on which the definitions of maximum numbers are often based and (6) the ways in which the borders between reindeer herding districts and nation states have implications for the governance of reindeer numbers.
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| 17. |
- Olofsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Monitoring changes in lichen resources for range management purposes in reindeer husbandry
- 2011
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Ingår i: Ecological Indicators. - : Elsevier BV. - 1470-160X .- 1872-7034. ; 11, s. 1149-1159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mat-forming lichens are important as food source for reindeer during the winter, and thus a vital resource to manage in reindeer husbandry. In this paper we suggest a method for monitoring of changes in lichen height with the purpose to early detect changes in lichen abundance in reindeer grazing areas. The method is intended for measuring geographically uniform lichen areas, evenly used for reindeer grazing. We analysed spatial variations in lichen height at the meter and 100 m scales, and calculated sample size requirements, and estimated effects of forest density and age, lichen moisture and lichen density on lichen height, and assessed the correspondence between lichen height and biomass. The variation in lichen height differed considerably between sites and, hence, the required sample size to detect a 5 mm change in lichen height with a power of 0.95 ranged from 200 to 2000, depending on the standard deviation of measured heights. Based on the autocorrelation in lichen height found between adjacent measurement points, a minimum distance of 4 m between measurement points is also recommended. Lichen height was significantly affected by lichen moisture, and the results suggest that this effect of moisture might vary with lichen density. Lichen height varied spatially within the study sites, and the spatial variations were partly caused by forest age and density. Thus, gradual changes in the forest characteristics are likely to alter the spatial variation in lichen height and it is therefore important to regularly re-evaluate the locations of measurement points within the monitored area. This study provides suggestions for a variable that could be used as an indicator of changes in the lichen resource, and aspects that should be considered when designing a monitoring program. The accuracy of detecting changes depends on the monitoring efforts, i.e. the number and distribution of measurement points and how often an area is monitored. In conclusion, our results indicate that measurements of lichen height have considerable potential for monitoring of changes in lichen resources within reindeer husbandry
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| 20. |
- Parsons, David, et al.
(författare)
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Leys from a Nordic perspective : a knowledge compilation
- 2024
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The project involved creating a popular scientific review of the cultivation and use of leys for livestock. Target groups are the agricultural sector and industry. The project had four work packages (WP): crop production, harvest and conservation, feed value for different animals, and economy. Within each work package, search strings were developed and inclusion criteria defined, and a database for each WP developed through searching in online databases. Each selected article was assessed first on the title (include or exclude), second based on reading the abstract, and third based on reading the article. The review provides an extensive list of literature related to ley production and use, a description of the most important findings, and suggestions for future research.
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| 23. |
- Sivertsen, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Reindeer green-wave surfing constrained by predators
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ecosphere. - : Wiley. - 2150-8925. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Migratory large herbivores in seasonal environments are known to follow the onset of new growth during spring, so-called green-wave surfing. This ensures prolonged access to forage with an optimal balance between forage quality and quantity. Many studies have focused on herbivores' ability to follow the spring flush, but without considering potential constraints to surfing the green wave. The presence of predators is likely to be such a limitation, which could force herbivores to deviate from the optimal movement patterns in terms of forage access. We compared how well 319 reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) from seven different populations followed the green-up at different population densities of brown bear (Ursus arctos). We found that reindeer at higher bear densities selected movement paths with lower access to high-quality forage and deviated more in time from following the peak of the green wave, thus missing out on valuable forage. In addition, reindeer generally moved faster at higher bear densities, but this pattern was more consistent in forest habitats. Our results indicate that reindeer are forced to deviate from following the spring flush and alter their movement pattern in areas with high bear densities, which may lead to reduced body condition for reindeer experiencing high predation risk. With the recent recolonization of large carnivores in northern ecosystems, it is critical to understand the direct and indirect effects of predators on large herbivores in order to assess effects on population dynamics and potentially cascading consequences on ecosystem function.
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| 24. |
- Sivertsen, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Reindeer habitat selection under the risk of brown bear predation during calving season
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ecosphere. - : Wiley. - 2150-8925 .- 2150-8925. ; 7:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The depredation of semi-domesticated reindeer by large carnivores reflects an important human-wildlife conflict in Fennoscandia. Recent studies have revealed that brown bears (Ursus arctos) may kill substantial numbers of reindeer calves (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) in forest areas in Sweden. Several authors have suggested that predation risk is an important driver of habitat selection in wild Rangifer populations where predation is a limiting factor, but little is known about these mechanisms in semi-domesticated populations. We examined the habitat selection of female reindeer in relation to spatial and temporal variations in brown bear predation risk on the reindeer calving grounds and evaluated the simultaneous responses of brown bears and reindeer to landscape characteristics. We used GPS data from 110 reindeer years (97 individuals) and 29 brown bear years (19 individuals), from two reindeer herding districts in the forest area of northern Sweden. Our results did not indicate that reindeer alter their behavior in response to spatiotemporal variation in brown bear predation risk, on the scale of the calving range. Instead, we suggest that spatiotemporal behavioral adjustments by brown bears were the main driver of prey-predator interactions in our study system. Contrasting responses by brown bears and reindeer to clear-cuts and young forest indicate that forestry can influence species interactions and possibly yield negative consequences for the reindeer herd. Even if clear-cuts may be beneficial in terms of calf survival, logging activity will eventually cause greater abundance of young regenerating forest, reducing available reindeer habitats and increasing habitat preferred by brown bears. Domestication may have made semi-domesticated reindeer in Fennoscandia less adapted to cope with predators. Areal restrictions, limiting the opportunity for dispersion and escape, possibly make the calves more susceptible to predation. Also, a generally higher population density in semi-domesticated herds compared to wild populations can make dispersion a less efficient strategy and the reindeer calves easier prey. Overall, the lack of ability of the reindeer females to reduce brown bear encounter risk on the scale of the calving range is probably an important reason for the high brown bear predation rates on reindeer calves documented in our study areas.
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