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- Gullö, Jan-Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Supervision of independent projects in music in higher education
- 2017
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Ingår i: <em>Music Education and Equality</em>. - Göteborg : Academy of Music and Drama, University of Gothenburg/NNMPF. ; , s. 54-55
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the Bologna Declaration in 1999, the independent project on the undergraduate level, also called bachelor essay or degree project, and the independent project on masters level has a special role in ensuring and maintaining the relevant learning outcomes. Our preconceptions in this paper is that most of the higher education institutions in Sweden are in a similar position concerning student’s independent projects: the independent projects in music needs to be more influenced by current research and needs, on the basis of such research, to be further developed. The purpose of this paper and conference presentation is to highlight different aspects of the independent project in higher education in music, to report experiences from a national conference on independent projects in music and to present some theoretical suggestions for future development. This is a work in progress.At the national conference on independent projects in music, 13 to 14 October, 2016 at the Royal College of Music in Stockholm, many different aspects were discussed such as, supervision strategies and qualification requirements for supervisors, the size and scope of independent projects, different forms for examination as well as the balance between formality in education and students' artistic ambitions. A challenge for higher education is that there are different possible models for how the independent projects can be performed by the students according to their own aspirations, wishes and requirements as well as different offered conditions at different institutions. Our analysis shows that the learning outcomes seem to have been interpreted in a similar way in various Swedish higher music institutions. But on the other hand the evaluation criteria’s are less discussed and usually not explicitly expressed.The supervision of students’ independent projects may, obviously or not, have a most significant impact on both the students’ performance and the quality of their projects. However, our analysis shows that there is a big difference between how the independent project is carried out by different students and also big differences in how the supervision is designed and performed in different study programs and at different institutions. Thus there’s a big difference between, for example, solo projects for violin at an institution for classical music or song writing at an institution for music production, even if they are at the same college or university. But regardless of what orientation the individual students have on their independent projects, all institutions that participated in the national conference on independent projects in music reported that they have organized regular supervision during the students’ independent projects. It was also found that it is rather the exception than the rule that the supervisors have received special training in supervision. Likewise, the awareness among the supervisors of the latest current research and literature on tutoring was almost non-existing. Therefore, the National Conference agreed that a national coordination for on-going professional development for tutors and discussion on supervision issues should be arranged.The framework for this article is based on a socio-cultural and dialogical perspective, which proposes that learning and understanding develop in context through interaction and dialogue (see e.g. Bachtin 1981; Vygotskij, 2001). Independence, as in the independent project, is thus something that can be explored in interactions of different kinds. Literacies are seen as social practices where epistemologies and identities are crucial.In this project we aim to develop a model for supervision in music based on Mick Heeley’s model Curriculum design and the research-teaching nexus (Healey & Jenkins 2009, 7; Healey, 2005, 70). Healey’s model uses two dimensions where the first dimension is a stress field with emphasis on research content versus emphasis on research processes and problems in the outer positions. The second stress field has outer positions where the students either are participants or audience. As a result the curriculum design is described in the model in four different positions, firstly: the research- tutored: engaged in research discussions; secondly: the research-based: undertaking research and inquiry; thirdly: the research-led: learning about current research in the discipline, and fourth: the research-oriented: developing research and inquiry skills and techniques. As a result we expect that a model for supervision in music based on Healey’s model may work as a bridge between the polarisation of research based on either scholarship or artistic practice. This is a work in progress and we look forward to present our preliminary results and discuss suggestions for future development.
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| 2. |
- Norda, Rut, et al.
(författare)
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Complement activation products in liquid stored plasma and C3a kinetics after transfusion of autologous plasma
- 2012
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Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - Malden : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0042-9007 .- 1423-0410. ; 102:2, s. 125-133
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objectives: Keeping a small stock of liquid plasma readily available for transfusion is common practise in Sweden. We report data on complement activation markers in plasma components during storage in the liquid state and the kinetics of C3a-desArg after transfusion of autologous plasma with high content of C3a-desArg.Material and Methods: Plasma components were prepared by apheresis or from whole blood. C3 fragments (C3a-desArg, C3d, g, iC3), and soluble terminal complement complex (sC5b-9) were investigated. C3a-desArg kinetics was investigated in regular apheresis donors.Results: Apheresis plasma prepared by membrane centrifugation had significantly higher level of C3a-desArg, C3d, g and sC5b-9 from day 0 and low iC3, than plasma prepared by other methods. By storage day 7, C3a-desArg -levels were above the reference value in 88% of all components. After re-infusion of autologous plasma with high C3a-desArg content, there were rapid a1 and a2-distribution followed by a slower b-elimination phase.Conclusion: Plasma components prepared by different methods and stored in the liquid phase differ significantly in the amount and timing of complement activation. C3a-desArg present in plasma is rapidly eliminated after transfusion. Autologous plasma could be used to study complement kinetics in different clinical situations.
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| 4. |
- Norda, Rut, et al.
(författare)
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Unexpected effects of donor gender on the storage of liquid plasma
- 2007
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Ingår i: Vox Sanguinis. - : Wiley. - 0042-9007 .- 1423-0410. ; 93:3, s. 223-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Swedish regulations in effect since 2006 allow the storage of plasma for transfusion up to 14 days at 2-6 degrees C and for 3 years at < or = -30 degrees C. In this study, the quality of currently used plasma components was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma components, prepared from whole blood or by apheresis, either leucocyte depleted or not leucocyte depleted, were stored at 2-6 degrees C as liquid plasma or as thawed fresh-frozen plasma; 31% were from female donors. Concentration, function and activation markers of the plasma coagulation systems were investigated during storage for up to 42 days. RESULTS: Cold-induced contact activation was the dominant storage lesion, occurring earlier and at higher frequency in plasma from females. Increased kallikrein-like activity led to changes in activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, protein C and C1 inhibitor (C1INH). C1INH function dropped to 53% on Day 14 in cold-activated plasma components. CONCLUSION: Contact activation may be triggered before Day 14, especially in plasma from females, and may progress as a result of the consumption of C1INH. The data suggest that lack of cold-induced contact activation may be an important quality criterion. To achieve this, plasma from male donors could be selected for transfusion and the storage time limited to 7 days.
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| 5. |
- Oldgren, Jonas, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of 6 weeks of treatment with dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, on myocardial function and metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes : A randomized, placebo-controlled, exploratory study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetes, obesity and metabolism. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1462-8902 .- 1463-1326. ; 23:7, s. 1505-1517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To explore the early effects of dapagliflozin on myocardial function and metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes without heart failure. Materials and Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin treatment were randomized to double-blind, 6-week placebo or dapagliflozin 10 mg daily treatment. Investigations included cardiac function and structure with myocardial resonance imaging; cardiac oxygen consumption, perfusion and efficiency with [C-11]-acetate positron emission tomography (PET); and cardiac and hepatic fatty acid uptake with [F-18]-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid PET, analysed by ANCOVA as least square means with 95% confidence intervals. Results Evaluable patients (placebo: n = 24, dapagliflozin: n = 25; 53% males) had a mean age of 64.4 years, a body mass index of 30.2 kg/m(2) and an HbA1c of 6.7%. Body weight and HbA1c were significantly decreased by dapagliflozin versus placebo. Dapagliflozin had no effect on myocardial efficiency, but external left ventricular (LV) work (-0.095 [-0.145, -0.043] J/g/min) and LV oxygen consumption were significantly reduced (-0.30 [-0.49, -0.12] J/g/min) by dapagliflozin, although the changes were not statistically significant versus changes in the placebo group. Change in left atrial maximal volume with dapagliflozin versus placebo was -3.19 (-6.32, -0.07) mL/m(2) (p = .056). Peak global radial strain decreased with dapagliflozin versus placebo (-3.92% [-7.57%, -0.28%]; p = .035), while peak global longitudinal and circumferential strains were unchanged. Hepatic fatty acid uptake was increased by dapagliflozin versus placebo (0.024 [0.004, 0.044] mu mol/g/min; p = .018), while cardiac uptake was unchanged. Conclusions This exploratory study indicates reduced heart work but limited effects on myocardial function, efficiency and cardiac fatty acid uptake, while hepatic fatty acid uptake increased, after 6 weeks of treatment with dapagliflozin.
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