| 1. |
- Magazinovic, Ana, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Software Cost Estimation Inhibitors - A Case Study
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 3540695648 ; 5089 LNCS, s. 61-74
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract. Software cost estimation errors are increasing in the automotive industry along with the number of software components in modern vehicles. As the software cost estimation is an important and problematic part of project planning there is a need of process improvement to decrease estimation errors. However, to improve the process of cost estimation there is a need to explore whether the perceived cost estimation problem is an estimation problem or if it is a management problem. This paper focuses on inhibitors in the process of software cost estimation in system development projects and reports the results of a study carried out at a Swedish automotive company in order to gain an understanding for the factors that affect the cost estimation process.
|
|
| 2. |
- Magazinovic, Ana, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Software cost estimation inhibitors—a case study in automotive context
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 1532-060X .- 1532-0618. ; 22:5, s. 407-427
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As cost estimation is an important yet problematic part of project planning there is a need of process improvement to decrease the estimation errors. This paper has two purposes. Based on a qualitative case study conducted at a Swedish automotive company it describes the process of cost estimation in a real-life setting focusing on inhibitors to accurate cost estimates. Second, the results of this study are compared with four other studies with a similar purpose of concluding that a company-specific investigation of cost estimation inhibitors might give more actionable input to the activity of cost estimation process improvement than a more general investigation.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Pernstål, Joakim, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
An Investigation of Manufacturing Challenges in Automotive Software Development from a Lean Perspective
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing (FAIM 2009). - 9780956230331
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The automotive industry is facing a tremendous growth in software and system engineering in productdevelopment. This is pressing the automakers to build up software competencies and elaborate efficientprocesses for product development and production. The involvement of manufacturing engineering in productdevelopment has consequently become imperative since the increase in software-based systems implies a greaternumber of product variants and a higher degree of complexity to be managed in the manufacturing processes.This paper presents an investigation of the interaction between the functions of product development andmanufacturing in automotive software development from a lean production perspective. The primarily objectiveof the study presented in this paper is to increase the understanding of the area by using complementaryperspectives found in related literature and the empirical results of a previous explorative multiple case studyundertaken at two Swedish automotive companies. Since automakers aim to achieve product differentiation in abroad market and cost leadership by adopting lean production emerged issues were primarily analyzed from alean perspective. Challenging issues were found and the analysis indicated that it is useful to adopt a leanapproach within the realm of the investigated area of interest since it seems to constitute an appropriatefoundation for remedial measures.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Alexandersson, Ruben, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Aspect-Oriented Implementation of Fault Tolerance: An Assessment of Overhead
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783642156502 ; 6351, s. 466-479
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software-implemented fault tolerance is an attractive technique for constructing fail-safe and fault-tolerant processing nodes for road vehicles and other cost-sensitive applications. This paper investigates the memoryconsumption and execution time overhead obtained when implementing timeredundant execution and control flow checking in software for an automotive brake controller application. These two mechanisms were implemented at thesource code level using three implementations techniques: aspect-oriented programming (AOP), source code transformation and manual programming in C. The results show that AOP generates much higher overheads than codetransformation for strictly systematic implementations. On the other hand, when application knowledge is used to optimize the implementations, the overhead ofAOP is similar to that of manual programming in C.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Alexandersson, Ruben, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementing Fault Tolerance Using Aspect Oriented Programming
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. - 9783540752936 ; 4746/2007, s. 57-74
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aspect oriented programming (AOP) is a promising technique for implementing fault tolerance. Still there exist few actual implementations. One reason is that most present day AOP languages do not offer the level of control needed. This paper addresses the problem by defining a representative set of fault tolerance mechanisms. The set can be used for evaluating the feasibility of languages and for finding needs for improvements. It has been used to evaluate the AspectC++ language, and a number of limitations have been revealed. AspectC++ was then extended in order to address this. It is also demonstrated how reusable fault tolerance mechanisms can be built using aspect oriented C++, and the advantages compared to using standard C++ are discussed.
|
|
| 10. |
- Alexandersson, Ruben, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
On hardware resource consumption for aspect-oriented implementation of fault tolerance
- 2010
-
Ingår i: EDCC-8 - Proceedings of the 8th European Dependable Computing Conference. - 9780769540078 ; , s. 61-66
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software-implemented fault tolerance is a widely used technique for achieving high dependability in costsensitive applications. One approach to implementing fault tolerance in software is to use aspect-oriented programming (AOP). This paper investigates the hardware overhead imposed by software mechanisms for time-redundant execution and control flow checking implemented by using AOP. The impacts on static and dynamic memory consumption as well as execution time are measured. The overheads caused by using AOP were shown to be an issue. However, two optimizations to the weaver that reduce the overhead caused by the AOP language weaver were identified. Using these optimizations the overhead was reduced to acceptable or even beneficial levels compared to using standard C. © 2010 IEEE.
|
|
| 11. |
-
Auditing Transformation: Regulation, Digitalisation and Sustainability
- 2023
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book identifies and discusses drivers of auditing transformation, including regulation, digitalisation, sustainability, and individual auditor characteristics. It provides a holistic perspective, discussing these current and highly relevant themes in depth and ‘one by one’ and also stresses the importance of the temporal dimension, i.e. offering a historical and a present-day perspective. The book covers several different theoretical perspectives when analysing and discussing how the various drivers affect auditors, the audit process, accounting firms, stakeholders, and so on. Sweden is used as a setting to study the effects of these drivers of transition. The Swedish experience is generalisable to other European countries, with a Germanic origin currently influenced by Anglo-American ideas of auditing. In addition, Sweden provides a research setting with unique access to empirical data. The monograph is unique in its broad coverage of drivers of transformation, combined with its clear focus on financial auditing. It is informed by a wide range of research approaches, from qualitative interview studies to recently developed machine learning methods. Readers, therefore, benefit from a comprehensive understanding of current changes in the audit industry. The book will be a useful reference work for students of accounting and auditing, as well as for audit practitioners, including both auditors and regulators, and for researchers.
|
|
| 12. |
- Elliot, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
-
National implications of EU harmonization - The case of banks' reporting requirements in Sweden
- 2019
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to discuss how internationally formulated policies and regulation of banks affect national supervisory practices and what consequences this may have on the form and quality of banking supervision conducted on the national level. Using the case of Swedish banks’ reporting requirements, we argue that the last decade of EU level regulatory reforms are motivated by a different “regulatory agreement” (Young 2016) than the Swedish one. In the decade since the global financial crisis 2007-2009, banking regulation reforms appear to be shaped by a view that all financial institutions are more or less immoral and cannot be trusted to self-regulate. The development can be characterized as a move from a dialogue based relationship between the supervisor and the supervised (Roberts, 2009) and being based on fairly high levels of trust (Tomkins, 2001), to a more quantitative and centralized supervision based on collection and comparison of large amounts of standardized quantitative data. We argue that Swedish financial regulation and supervision traditionally were based on the notion of dialogue and mutual trust and less on extensive reporting requirements. Thus, for Sweden to conform to the post-crisis international regulatory framework, this means abandoning what appears to be a fairly well-functioning national arrangement.
|
|
| 13. |
- Ivarsson, Martin, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
A Practitioners Guide to Light Weight Software Process Assessment and Improvement Planning
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Systems and Software. - New York : Elsevier BV. - 0164-1212. ; 81:6, s. 972-995
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software process improvement (SPI) is challenging, particularly for small and medium sized enterprises. Most existing SPI frameworks are either too expensive to deploy, or do not take an organizations’ specific needs into consideration. There is a need for light weight SPI frameworks that enable practitioners to base improvement efforts on the issues that are the most critical for the specific organization.This paper presents a step-by-step guide to process assessment and improvement planning using improvement framework utilizing light weight assessment and improvement planning (iFLAP), aimed at practitioners undertaking SPI initiatives. In addition to the guide itself the industrial application of iFLAP is shown through two industrial cases. iFLAP is a packaged improvement framework, containing both assessment and improvement planning capabilities, explicitly developed to be light weight in nature. Assessment is performed by eliciting improvements issues based on the organization’s experience and knowledge. The findings are validated through triangulation utilizing multiple data sources. iFLAP actively involves practitioners in prioritizing improvement issues and identifying dependencies between them in order to package improvements, and thus establish a, for the organization, realistic improvement plan. The two cases of iFLAP application in industry are presented together with lessons learned in order to exemplify actual use of the framework as well as challenges encountered.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Marton, Jan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Auditing in transformation : An introduction
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Auditing Transformation. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 9781003411390 ; , s. 1-15
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter introduces the book to the reader. It begins with a discussion of the emergence and current state of auditing, followed by a section that presents the different chapters in the book and how they are logically related. The book is structured based on three drivers of auditing transformation: regulation, digitalisation, and sustainability. The next four chapters of the book show that the outcomes related to these three drivers largely depend on individual auditor characteristics. This is followed by a chapter based on practitioners' views on the matters in focus, and some concluding remarks. The book uses Sweden as a setting to study drivers of auditing transformation and their effects. The Swedish experience is generalisable to other European countries with a Germanic origin currently influenced by Anglo-American ideas of auditing. In addition, Sweden provides a research setting with unique access to empirical data.
|
|
| 16. |
- Marton, Jan, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Concluding remarks
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Auditing Transformation. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 9781003411390 ; , s. 379-385
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter summarises the main findings of the book and relates them to drivers of auditing transformation. The effects of the drivers are, in many cases, unexpected and unintended. It is also clear that transformation is not immediate but will take time to be effectuated in audit practice. One reason for delayed implementations is that competencies and characteristics of individual auditors change more slowly than the exogenous drivers. Regulation is the most mature of the three external drivers of transformation in focus in this book. Digitalisation has had some impact on audit practice but has the potential to have more fundamental effects in the future. Sustainability reporting is currently in an early phase, where substantial learning is taking place. The combination of new regulations and increased competencies among auditors can potentially make sustainability reporting more structured, reliable, and comparable across reporting companies.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Törner, Fredrik, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Automotive Safety Case – A Qualitative Case Study of Drivers, Usages, and Issues
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 11th IEEE High Assurance Systems Engineering Symposium, 2008..
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The automotive industry is using software and electronics to an increasing degree to realize new functionality that can be considered to be safety related. This qualitative study, with rigorous data analysis, takes the perspective of automotive vehicle manufacturers and explores the drivers, usages and potential issues in relation to a possible introduction of the safety case concept in the automotive industry. The study involves three automotive OEMs contributing access to potential stakeholders of a safety case. The study identifies 18 motivating factors for the introduction of safety cases, e.g. need of engineer design support and a definition of acceptable risk. Further, 21 possible usages of a safety case are identified and classified into five subcategories, e.g. communication and system development. To conclude, the study identifies several drivers for introducing safety cases as well as a wide application area, but also raises questions about their design, required competence, and increased workload.
|
|
| 24. |
- Törner, Fredrik, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Defects in Automotive Use Cases
- 2006
-
Ingår i: 5th ACM-IEEE International Symposium On Emperical Software Engineering.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 25. |
- Törner, Fredrik, 1978, et al.
(författare)
-
Evaluation of Hazard Identification Methods in the Automotive Domain
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of SAE Convergence 2006.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many automotive electronic systems must be developed using a safety process. A preliminary hazard analysis is a first and an important step in such a process. This experimental study evaluates two methods for hazard identification using an electrical steering column lock system. Both methods are found to be applicable for hazard identification in an automotive context. It is also concluded that the induction with the failure modes method is less time consuming and easier to use than the method based on induction with generic low level hazards. Further, two proposals are presented to improve efficiency and consistency, reuse of generic hazards by component profiles and a domain specific catalogue of vehicle phases.
|
|
