| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Virtanen, S M, et al.
(författare)
-
Feasibility and compliance in a nutritional primary prevention trial in infants at increased risk for type 1 diabetes
- 2011
-
Ingår i: ACTA PAEDIATRICA. - : Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 0803-5253. ; 100:4, s. 557-564
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The international Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR) was launched to determine whether weaning to a highly hydrolysed formula in infancy reduces the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children at increased genetic disease susceptibility. We describe here the findings on feasibility and compliance from the pilot study. Methods: The protocol was tested in 240 children. The diet of the participating children was assessed by self-administered dietary forms, a structured questionnaire and a food record. Blood samples were taken and weight and height measured at birth and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 24 months. Results: A majority of the subjects (84%) were exposed to the study formula at least for 2 months. Linear growth or weight gain over the first 2 years of life was similar in the two study groups. The levels of IgA and IgG antibodies to cows milk and casein were higher in the cows milk-based formula group than in the hydrolysed formula group during the intervention period (p andlt; 0.05), reflecting the difference in the intake of cows milk protein. Conclusion: This randomized trial on infant feeding turned out to be feasible, and dietary compliance was acceptable. Valuable experience was gained for the planning and sample size estimation of the study proper.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Akerblom, H., et al.
(författare)
-
Association of Gastric Bypass Surgery With Risk of Developing Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Sweden: An Observational Study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Jama Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6165 .- 2168-6173. ; 139:2, s. 200-205
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IMPORTANCE Knowledge of the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) after gastric bypass surgery (GBP) in patients with obesity and diabetes could guide the management of these patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes after GBP compared with the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in a matched cohort of patients with obesity and diabetes who have not undergone GBP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data from 2 nationwide registers in Sweden, the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry and the National Diabetes Register, were used for this cohort study. A total of 5321 patients with diabetes from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry who had undergone GBP from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2013, were matched with 5321 patients with diabetes from the National Diabetes Register who had not undergone GBP, based on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and calendar time (2007-2013). Follow-up data were obtained until December 31, 2015. Statistical analysis was performed from October 5, 2018, to September 30, 2019. EXPOSURE Gastric bypass surgery. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence of new DR and other diabetic ocular complications. RESULTS The study population consisted of 5321 patients who had undergone GBP (3223 women [60.6%]; mean [SD] age, 49.0 [9.5] years) and 5321 matched controls (3395 women [63.8%]; mean [SD] age, 47.1 [11.5] years). Mean (SD) follow-up was 4.5 (1.6) years. The mean (SD) BMI and hemoglobin A1c concentration at baseline were 42.0 (5.7) and 7.6%(1.5%), respectively, in the GBP group and 40.9 (7.3) and 7.5%(1.5%), respectively, in the control group. The mean (SD) duration of diabetes was 6.8 (6.3) years in the GBP group and 6.4 (6.4) years in the control group. The risk for new DR was reduced in the patients who underwent GBP (hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.49-0.78]; P <.001). The dominant risk factors for development of DR at baseline were diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c concentration, use of insulin, glomerular filtration rate, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This nationwide matched cohort study suggests that there is a reduced risk of developing new DR associated with GBP, and no evidence of an increased risk of developing DR that threatened sight or required treatment. (c) 2021 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
