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| 7. |
- Zaborowski, AM, et al.
(författare)
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Microsatellite instability in young patients with rectal cancer: molecular findings and treatment response
- 2022
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Ingår i: The British journal of surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2168 .- 0007-1323. ; 109:3, s. 251-255
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study of 400 patients with early-onset rectal cancer, 12.5 per cent demonstrated microsatellite instability (MSI). MSI was associated with a reduced likelihood of nodal positivity, an increased rate of pathological complete response, and improved disease-specific survival.
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| 8. |
- Serge, M. A., et al.
(författare)
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Testing the Effect of Relative Pollen Productivity on the REVEALS Model : A Validated Reconstruction of Europe-Wide Holocene Vegetation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Land. - : MDPI. - 2073-445X. ; 12:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reliable quantitative vegetation reconstructions for Europe during the Holocene are crucial to improving our understanding of landscape dynamics, making it possible to assess the past effects of environmental variables and land-use change on ecosystems and biodiversity, and mitigating their effects in the future. We present here the most spatially extensive and temporally continuous pollen-based reconstructions of plant cover in Europe (at a spatial resolution of 1 degrees x 1 degrees) over the Holocene (last 11.7 ka BP) using the 'Regional Estimates of VEgetation Abundance from Large Sites' (REVEALS) model. This study has three main aims. First, to present the most accurate and reliable generation of REVEALS reconstructions across Europe so far. This has been achieved by including a larger number of pollen records compared to former analyses, in particular from the Mediterranean area. Second, to discuss methodological issues in the quantification of past land cover by using alternative datasets of relative pollen productivities (RPPs), one of the key input parameters of REVEALS, to test model sensitivity. Finally, to validate our reconstructions with the global forest change dataset. The results suggest that the RPPs.st1 (31 taxa) dataset is best suited to producing regional vegetation cover estimates for Europe. These reconstructions offer a long-term perspective providing unique possibilities to explore spatial-temporal changes in past land cover and biodiversity.
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| 14. |
- Daniau, A. -L, et al.
(författare)
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predictability of biomass burning in response to climate changes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Global Biogeochemical Cycles. - 0886-6236 .- 1944-9224. ; 26, s. GB4007-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate is an important control on biomass burning, but the sensitivity of fire to changes in temperature and moisture balance has not been quantified. We analyze sedimentary charcoal records to show that the changes in fire regime over the past 21,000 yrs are predictable from changes in regional climates. Analyses of paleo-fire data show that fire increases monotonically with changes in temperature and peaks at intermediate moisture levels, and that temperature is quantitatively the most important driver of changes in biomass burning over the past 21,000 yrs. Given that a similar relationship between climate drivers and fire emerges from analyses of the interannual variability in biomass burning shown by remote-sensing observations of month-by-month burnt area between 1996 and 2008, our results signal a serious cause for concern in the face of continuing global warming.
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| 15. |
- Mailhiot, M., et al.
(författare)
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Multielectron coincidence spectroscopy of the Ar2+(2p-2) double-core-hole decay
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Review A. - 2469-9926. ; 107:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The dominant decay pathways of argon 2p-2 double-core-hole states have been investigated using synchrotron radiation and a magnetic-bottle-type spectrometer coupled with an ion time-of-flight spectrometer. This experiment allows for efficient multi-electron-ion coincidence measurements, and thus for following the Auger cascade step by step in detail. Dominant decay pathways leading to Ar4+ final states via Ar3+ intermediate states have been assigned with the help of theoretical ab initio calculations. The weak correlated decay of the two core holes by emission of a single Auger electron, leading to Ar3+ final states, has been observed at 458.5-eV kinetic energy. Compared to the total decay of the 2p-2 double core vacancies, this two-electron-one-electron process was measured to have a branching ratio of 1.9 x 10-3 & PLUSMN; 1.0 x 10-3. Furthermore, the remaining decay paths of the Ar1+ (1s-1) core hole to higher charge states and their respective contributions to the total yield have been analyzed and show very good agreement with theoretical results.
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| 16. |
- Paul, Sudip Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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Higher risk of hyperglycemia with greater susceptibility in females in chronic arsenic-exposed individuals in Bangladesh
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 668, s. 1004-1012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arsenic (As) toxicity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are emerging public health concerns worldwide. Although exposure to high levels of As has been associated with DM, whether there is also an association between low and moderate As exposure and DM remains unclear. We explored the dose-dependent association between As exposure levels and hyperglycemia, with special consideration of the impact of demographic variables, in 641 subjects from rural Bangladesh. The total study participants were divided into three groups depending on their levels of exposure to As in drinking water (low, moderate and high exposure groups). Prevalence of hyperglycemia, including impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and DM was significantly associated with the subjects’ drinking water arsenic levels. Almost all exposure metrics (As levels in the subjects’ drinking water, hair and nails) showed dose-dependent associations with the risk of hyperglycemia, IGT and DM. Among the variables considered, sex, age, and BMI were found to be associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia, IGT and DM. In sex-stratified analyses, As exposure showed a clearer pattern of dose-dependent risk for hyperglycemia in females than males. Finally, drinking water containing low-to-moderate levels of As (50.01–150 μg/L) was found to confer a greater risk of hyperglycemia than safe drinking water (As ≤10 μg/L). Thus the results suggested that As exposure was dose-dependently associated with hyperglycemia, especially in females. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
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| 17. |
- Carniato, S., et al.
(författare)
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Photon-energy dependence of single-photon simultaneous core ionization and core excitation in CO2
- 2016
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Ingår i: PHYSICAL REVIEW A. - 2469-9926. ; 94:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the K-2V process corresponding to simultaneous K-shell ionization and K-shell excitation in the CO2 molecule. We define these K-2V states as super shake-up, at variance with the "conventional" K(-1)v(-1)V shake-up states. While the nature and evolution with photon energy of the conventional shake-up satellites has been the object of many studies, no such data on a large photon-energy range were previously reported on super shake-up. The CO2 molecule is a textbook example because it exhibits two well-isolated K-2V resonances (with V being 2 pi(u)* and 5 delta g*) with different symmetries resulting from shake-up processes of different origin populated in comparable proportions. The variation of the excitation cross section of these two resonances with photon energy is reported, using two different experimental approaches, which sheds light on the excitation mechanisms. Furthermore, double-core-hole spectroscopy is shown to be able to integrate and even expand information provided by conventional single-core-hole X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) techniques, revealing, for instance, g-g dipole forbidden transitions which are only excited in NEXAFS spectra through vibronic coupling.
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| 18. |
- Iwayama, H., et al.
(författare)
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A local chemical environment effect in site-specific Auger spectra of ethyl trifluoroacetate
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 138:2, s. 024306-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have investigated a local chemical environment effect on Auger spectra of ethyl trifluoroacetate (C4H5F3O2), using multi-electron coincidence spectroscopy and high-resolution electron spectroscopy. Site-specific KVV Auger spectra for each carbon atom, and for the fluorine and oxygen atoms are presented. The extent of hole localization in the final dicationic states was investigated with the help of theoretical calculations based on a two-hole population analysis. The Auger spectra have been simulated using a statistical approach. It is found that all Auger decays populate mainly localized dicationic states, with the two holes located either on the same fluorine atom or on adjacent fluorine atoms. While the decay of the F 1s hole populates exclusively the former states, the latter class of states is also populated by the decay of the C and O 1s holes.
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| 19. |
- Andric, Mateja, et al.
(författare)
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CEO divorce and firm performance – The role of CEO’s family situation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Academy of Management: Proceedings. - : Academy of Management.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the impact of CEO divorce on firm performance and examine how this relationship depends on the CEO’s life stage and the involvement of the CEO’s family in the firm. Using data from Statistics Sweden covering the period from 2004 to 2014, we tested our hypotheses using a difference-in-difference design on a matched sample of 2,336 firms, most of which are small firms. With our results we contribute to upper echelons theory by showing that CEO divorce negatively affects firm performance, and that this relationship strongly depends on the length of the marriage, the presence of children, as well as whether the CEO’s spouse and children work in the firm. We show that under certain conditions CEO divorce can even have a positive impact on firm performance, in particular in the presence of CEO’s children in the firm.
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| 20. |
- Andric, M., et al.
(författare)
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Parental divorce in early life and entrepreneurial performance in adulthood
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Venturing. - : Elsevier. - 0883-9026 .- 1873-2003. ; 39:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine how parental divorce in early life affects performance in entrepreneurship in adulthood. Drawing on life course theory and empirical analyses of US self-employment and childhood data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979, we show that entrepreneurs' experience of parental divorce in childhood benefits their entrepreneurial performance in adulthood through a gain in self-efficacy while simultaneously suppressing entrepreneurial performance through a shortfall in human capital. We also show that whether the performance advantages or disadvantages from parental divorce dominate depends on parental human capital. While parental divorce is associated with underperformance for entrepreneurs whose parents have high levels of human capital, it is positively related to entrepreneurial performance for those with low parental human capital. Our study contributes new theory and evidence on the intertemporal relationship between past family contexts and present entrepreneurial performance.
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| 21. |
- Andric, M., et al.
(författare)
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SOCIO-HISTORICAL SHIFTS IN LIFE STAGE AT ENTREPRENEURIAL ENTRY AND THEIR PERFORMANCE IMPLICATIONS
- 2022
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Proceedings. - : Academy of Management.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drawing on life course theory, we propose that shifting age norms have resulted in individuals today being younger, less experienced, and more frequently unmarried and childless at the time of entering entrepreneurship than in the past. We conjecture that these socio-historical shifts in life stage at entrepreneurial entry bear largely negative implications for entrepreneurial performance. Moreover, we argue for gender differences in the effect of parenthood on entrepreneurial performance, which we suggest have decreased over time due to the decline of traditional gender roles. Cohort analyses of data from the U.S. National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth support our conjectures.
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| 22. |
- Journel, Loïc, et al.
(författare)
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Resonant double Auger decay in carbon K-shell excitation of CO
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review A (Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics). - 1050-2947. ; 77:4, s. 14-042710
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied double Auger decay after C 1s→2 photoexcitation in gas phase carbon monoxide. Two distinct processes, namely direct double Auger decay and cascade double Auger decay, are identified and studied in detail using multiple coincidence techniques. Cascade Auger decay is shown to be the overall dominant process. Decay channels involving the dissociation of the molecule followed by autoionization of the oxygen fragments are observed.
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| 23. |
- Lindström, Per, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Materials and Fabrication Technology : Committee v.3
- 2015. - 1
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress, Volume 2. - EH Leiden, Nederlands : CRC Press. - 9781138028975 - 9781138028968 ; , s. 619-698
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Due to the past crises, the shipbuilding and offshore industry has realised that new innovative designs and design and production methods are necessary to decrease operational costs, production costs and emissions,while meeting the changing rules and regulations. This ISSC-V.3 report is discussing recent developmentin materials and fabrication technology applied to ship and offshore structures.Chapter 2 focuses on worldwide trends in materials and fabrication methods. Developments in metallicand non-metallic structural materials are dealt in Chapter 3. Advances in fabrication and joining technologiessuch as welding are increasing. Some main areas of applications and research in those areas aredescribed in Chapter 4. Innovative development about corrosion protection systems are presented inChapter 5 while Chapter 6 give an overview about the application of production simulation and virtualreality to improve the production management of ship and offshore structures.The ISSC-V.3 technical committee has performed a benchmark to define a Best Practice Guideline touse Computational Welding Mechanics tools (CWM) in shipbuilding and offshore industry. To achievethis objective various experimental welding tests have been performed in order to give a reference point.Both the residual welding distortions and residual stresses have been compared between numerical simulationsand welding experiments for a common “T” welded assembly used in the shipbuilding industry.However, it has been decided to publish the results of this study in a separate document. Nevertheless, Chapter 7 of this report presents the state of the art as well as the experimental test case that has been analysed.
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| 24. |
- Reverté, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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National records of 3000 European bee and hoverfly species : A contribution to pollinator conservation
- 2023
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Ingår i: Insect Conservation and Diversity. - 1752-458X. ; 16:6, s. 758-775
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pollinators play a crucial role in ecosystems globally, ensuring the seed production of most flowering plants. They are threatened by global changes and knowledge of their distribution at the national and continental levels is needed to implement efficient conservation actions, but this knowledge is still fragmented and/or difficult to access. As a step forward, we provide an updated list of around 3000 European bee and hoverfly species, reflecting their current distributional status at the national level (in the form of present, absent, regionally extinct, possibly extinct or non-native). This work was attainable by incorporating both published and unpublished data, as well as knowledge from a large set of taxonomists and ecologists in both groups. After providing the first National species lists for bees and hoverflies for many countries, we examine the current distributional patterns of these species and designate the countries with highest levels of species richness. We also show that many species are recorded in a single European country, highlighting the importance of articulating European and national conservation strategies. Finally, we discuss how the data provided here can be combined with future trait and Red List data to implement research that will further advance pollinator conservation.
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| 25. |
- Rudbeck Jepsen, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Transitions in European land-management regimes between 1800 and 2010
- 2015
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Ingår i: Land use policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-8377 .- 1873-5754. ; 49:SI, s. 53-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Land use is a cornerstone of human civilization, but also intrinsically linked to many global sustainability challenges—from climate change to food security to the ongoing biodiversity crisis. Understanding the underlying technological, institutional and economic drivers of land-use change, and how they play out in different environmental, socio-economic and cultural contexts, is therefore important for identifying effective policies to successfully address these challenges. In this regard, much can be learned from studying long-term land-use change. We examined the evolution of European land management over the past 200 years with the aim of identifying (1) key episodes of changes in land management, and (2) their underlying technological, institutional and economic drivers. To do so, we generated narratives elaborating on the drivers of land use-change at the country level for 28 countries in Europe. We qualitatively grouped drivers into land-management regimes, and compared changes in management regimes across Europe. Our results allowed discerning seven land-management regimes, and highlighted marked heterogeneity regarding the types of management regimes occurring in a particular country, the timing and prevalence of regimes, and the conditions that result in observed bifurcations. However, we also found strong similarities across countries in the timing of certain land-management regime shifts, often in relation to institutional reforms (e.g., changes in EU agrarian policies or the emergence and collapse of the Soviet land management paradigm) or to technological innovations (e.g., drainage pipes, tillage and harvesting machinery, motorization, and synthetic fertilizers). Land reforms frequently triggered changes in land management, and the location and timing of reforms had substantial impacts on land-use outcomes. Finally, forest protection policies and voluntary cooperatives were important drivers of land-management changes. Overall, our results demonstrate that land-system changes should not be conceived as unidirectional developments following predefined trajectories, but rather as path-dependent processes that may be affected by various drivers, including sudden events.
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