| 1. |
- Agné, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Introducing the Sounds of Data to the Study of Politics : A Choir of Global Legitimacy Crises
- 2020
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Ingår i: New Political Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0739-3148 .- 1469-9931. ; 42:3, s. 272-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article introduces an innovative method to describe data with sounds in political science. The method, known in ecology, physics, and musicology as sonification, operates by linking sound signals to quantifiable observations. We us it to compose a choir of legitimacy crises in global governance from 1994 to 2014, and to negotiate a familiar divide in research on how legitimacy should be measured. Scholars predominantly prefer one of two approaches to measure legitimacy quantitatively, either looking at political trust or public contestation of political institutions. We illustrate the usefulness of sonification to subsume both positions in this divide. More generally, we argue that sonification can enhance public communication of scientific results and extract meanings from observations that go unnoticed in visual and verbal representations, in particular with relevance to describing time series data on anything from the spread of pandemics to violent conflicts and economic inequalities.
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| 2. |
- Allen, Craig R., et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying spatial resilience
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0021-8901 .- 1365-2664. ; 53:3, s. 625-635
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Anthropogenic stressors affect the ecosystems upon which humanity relies. In some cases when resilience is exceeded, relatively small linear changes in stressors can cause relatively abrupt and nonlinear changes in ecosystems. 2. Ecological regime shifts occur when resilience is exceeded and ecosystems enter a new local equilibrium that differs in its structure and function from the previous state. Ecological resilience, the amount of disturbance that a system can withstand before it shifts into an alternative stability domain, is an important framework for understanding and managing ecological systems subject to collapse and reorganization. 3. Recently, interest in the influence of spatial characteristics of landscapes on resilience has increased. Understanding how spatial structure and variation in relevant variables in landscapes affects resilience to disturbance will assist with resilience quantification, and with local and regional management. 4. Synthesis and applications. We review the history and current status of spatial resilience in the research literature, expand upon existing literature to develop a more operational definition of spatial resilience, introduce additional elements of a spatial analytical approach to understanding resilience, present a framework for resilience operationalization and provide an overview of critical knowledge and technology gaps that should be addressed for the advancement of spatial resilience theory and its applications to management and conservation.
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| 3. |
- Angeler, David, et al.
(författare)
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A comparative analysis reveals weak relationships between ecological factors and beta diversity of stream insect metacommunities at two spatial levels
- 2015
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 5, s. 1235-1248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypotheses that beta diversity should increase with decreasing latitude and increase with spatial extent of a region have rarely been tested based on a comparative analysis of multiple datasets, and no such study has focused on stream insects. We first assessed how well variability in beta diversity of stream insect metacommunities is predicted by insect group, latitude, spatial extent, altitudinal range, and dataset properties across multiple drainage basins throughout the world. Second, we assessed the relative roles of environmental and spatial factors in driving variation in assemblage composition within each drainage basin. Our analyses were based on a dataset of 95 stream insect metacommunities from 31 drainage basins distributed around the world. We used dissimilarity-based indices to quantify beta diversity for each metacommunity and, subsequently, regressed beta diversity on insect group, latitude, spatial extent, altitudinal range, and dataset properties (e.g., number of sites and percentage of presences). Within each metacommunity, we used a combination of spatial eigenfunction analyses and partial redundancy analysis to partition variation in assemblage structure into environmental, shared, spatial, and unexplained fractions. We found that dataset properties were more important predictors of beta diversity than ecological and geographical factors across multiple drainage basins. In the within-basin analyses, environmental and spatial variables were generally poor predictors of variation in assemblage composition. Our results revealed deviation from general biodiversity patterns because beta diversity did not show the expected decreasing trend with latitude. Our results also call for reconsideration of just how predictable stream assemblages are along ecological gradients, with implications for environmental assessment and conservation decisions. Our findings may also be applicable to other dynamic systems where predictability is low.
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| 4. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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A method to detect discontinuities in census data
- 2018
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 8, s. 9614-9623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The distribution of pattern across scales has predictive power in the analysis of complex systems. Discontinuity approaches remain a fruitful avenue of research in the quest for quantitative measures of resilience because discontinuity analysis provides an objective means of identifying scales in complex systems and facilitates delineation of hierarchical patterns in processes, structure, and resources. However, current discontinuity methods have been considered too subjective, too complicated and opaque, or have become computationally obsolete; given the ubiquity of discontinuities in ecological and other complex systems, a simple and transparent method for detection is needed. In this study, we present a method to detect discontinuities in census data based on resampling of a neutral model and provide the R code used to run the analyses. This method has the potential for advancing basic and applied ecological research.
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| 5. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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A worldwide view of organic carbon export from catchments
- 2012
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Ingår i: Biogeochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0168-2563 .- 1573-515X. ; 107, s. 275–293-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growing interest in the effects of global change on the metabolism, stoichiometry and cycling of carbon in aquatic ecosystems has motivated research on the export of organic carbon (OCE) from catchments. In this article, quantitative and functional features of the annual export rates of total, particulate and dissolved organic carbon (TOC, POC and DOC) were reviewed, and the stoichiometry of export (OC:N, OC:P and N:P) from 550 catchments worldwide was reported. TOC export ranged 2.1-92,474 kg C km(-2) year(-1), POC export ranged 0.4-73,979 kg C km(-2) year(-1) and DOC export ranged 1.2-56,946 kg C km(-2) year(-1). Exports of TOC and DOC were strongly linked, but POC export was unrelated to DOC. The DOC fraction comprised on average 73 +/- A 21% of TOC export. The export rates of organic carbon were poorly related to those of total nitrogen and total phosphorus. Discrete and continuous environmental variables failed to predict TOC export, but DOC export was influenced by discharge and catchment area worldwide. Models of OCE in different catchment types were controlled by different environmental variables; hydrological variables were generally better predictors of OCE than anthropogenic and soil variables. Elemental ratios of carbon export in most catchments were above the Redfield ratio, suggesting that phosphorus may become the limiting nutrient for downstream plant growth. These ratios were marginally related to environmental data. More detailed hydrological data, consideration of in-stream processes and the use of quasi-empirical dynamical models are advocated to improve our knowledge of OCE rates and those of other nutrients.
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| 6. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Abiotic drivers of consumer foodweb structure in lakes
- 2018
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Ingår i: Freshwater Science. - : University of Chicago Press. - 2161-9549 .- 2161-9565. ; 37, s. 404-416
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of the combined roles of abiotic and biotic factors defining foodweb structure are often ignored. In aquatic systems, abiotic variables can regulate food webs through bottom-up effects, but abiotic settings also can have indirect effects on aquatic food webs that are mediated through shifts in the magnitudes of top-down and bottom-up effects. We used link-and-chain properties (LCP) and stable-isotope community metrics (SIM) to assess the trophic structure of consumers in 10 world lakes. Our goal was to identify the key abiotic variables driving these metrics through multivariate regression trees (MRTs). Food-chain length in the lakes did not depend on any LCP metric and was controlled mainly by resource availability and foraging biology of top generalist (omnivore) species. Variances explained by abiotic variables used in MRT models on LCP and SIM were high (71-74%) and showed that altitude, followed by water temperature, was the main factor of dissimilarity among lake food webs. This result implies that abiotic variables other than those related to water quality were accountable for some variance of the lake foodweb structure. MRT results showed that these abiotic variables exerted a common pattern of influence among foodweb size and trophic redundancy in food webs of lakes. The physical environment was the main driver of abiotic variables on trophic structure in pristine lakes, whereas effects of water quality (which include most human effects) were restricted to lakes at the lower part of river basins.
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| 7. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Adaptation, Transformation and Resilience in Healthcare; Comment on "Government Actions and Their Relation to Resilience in Healthcare During the COVID-19 Pandemic in New South Wales, Australia and Ontario, Canada"
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Policy and Management. - : Maad Rayan Publishing Company. - 2322-5939. ; 11, s. 1949-1952
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive capacity is a critical component of building resilience in healthcare. Adaptive capacity comprises the ability of a system to cope with and adapt to disturbances. However, "shocks", such as the current Covid-19 pandemic, can potentially exceed critical adaptation thresholds and lead to systemic collapse. To effectively manage healthcare systems during periods of crises, both adaptive and transformative changes are necessary. This commentary discusses adaptation and transformation as two complementary, integral components of resilience and applies them to healthcare. We treat resilience as an emergent property of complex systems that accounts for multiple, often disparately distinct regimes in which multiple processes (e.g., adaptation, recovery) are subsumed and operate. We argue that Convergence Mental Health and other transdisciplinary paradigms such as Brain Capital and One Health can facilitate resilience planning and management in healthcare systems.
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| 8. |
- Angeler, David, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptive capacity in ecosystems
- 2019
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Ingår i: Advances in Ecological Research. - : Elsevier. - 0065-2504. ; 60, s. 1-24
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding the capacity of ecosystems to adapt and to cope (i.e. adaptive capacity) with change is crucial to their management. However, definitions of adaptive capacity are often unclear and confusing, making application of this concept difficult. In this paper, we revisit definitions of adaptive capacity and operationalize the concept. We define adaptive capacity as the latent potential of an ecosystem to alter resilience in response to change. We present testable hypotheses to evaluate complementary attributes of adaptive capacity that may help further clarify the components and relevance of the concept. We suggest how sampling, inference and modelling can reduce key uncertainties incrementally over time and increase learning about adaptive capacity. Improved quantitative assessments of adaptive capacity are needed because of the high uncertainty about global change and its potential effect on the capacity of ecosystems to adapt to social and ecological change. An improved understanding of adaptive capacity might ultimately allow for more efficient and targeted management.
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| 9. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Adaptive invasive species distribution models: a framework for modeling incipient invasions
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biological Invasions. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1387-3547 .- 1573-1464. ; 17, s. 2831-2850
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The utilization of species distribution model(s) (SDM) for approximating, explaining, and predicting changes in species' geographic locations is increasingly promoted for proactive ecological management. Although frameworks for modeling non-invasive species distributions are relatively well developed, their counterparts for invasive species-which may not be at equilibrium within recipient environments and often exhibit rapid transformations-are lacking. Additionally, adaptive ecological management strategies address the causes and effects of biological invasions and other complex issues in social-ecological systems. We conducted a review of biological invasions, species distribution models, and adaptive practices in ecological management, and developed a framework for adaptive, niche-based, invasive species distribution model (iSDM) development and utilization. This iterative, 10-step framework promotes consistency and transparency in iSDM development, allows for changes in invasive drivers and filters, integrates mechanistic and correlative modeling techniques, balances the avoidance of type 1 and type 2 errors in predictions, encourages the linking of monitoring and management actions, and facilitates incremental improvements in models and management across space, time, and institutional boundaries. These improvements are useful for advancing coordinated invasive species modeling, management and monitoring from local scales to the regional, continental and global scales at which biological invasions occur and harm native ecosystems and economies, as well as for anticipating and responding to biological invasions under continuing global change.
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| 10. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Adaptive management for soil ecosystem services
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4797 .- 1095-8630. ; 183, s. 371-378
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ecosystem services provided by soil include regulation of the atmosphere and climate, primary (including agricultural) production, waste processing, decomposition, nutrient conservation, water purification, erosion control, medical resources, pest control, and disease mitigation. The simultaneous production of these multiple services arises from complex interactions among diverse aboveground and belowground communities across multiple scales. When a system is mismanaged, non-linear and persistent losses in ecosystem services can arise. Adaptive management is an approach to management designed to reduce uncertainty as management proceeds. By developing alternative hypotheses, testing these hypotheses and adjusting management in response to outcomes, managers can probe dynamic mechanistic relationships among aboveground and belowground soil system components. In doing so, soil ecosystem services can be preserved and critical ecological thresholds avoided. Here, we present an adaptive management framework designed to reduce uncertainty surrounding the soil system, even when soil ecosystem services production is not the explicit management objective, so that managers can reach their management goals without undermining soil multifunctionality or contributing to an irreversible loss of soil ecosystem services. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 11. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Adaptive Management of Rangeland Systems
- 2017
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Ingår i: Rangeland Systems: Processes, Management and Challenges. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783319467078 ; , s. 373-394
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 12. |
- Angeler, David, et al.
(författare)
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Algal invasions, blooms and biodiversity in lakes: Accounting for habitat-specific responses
- 2013
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Ingår i: Harmful Algae. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-9883 .- 1878-1470. ; 23, s. 60-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Range expansions of species comprise a pervasive environmental problem worldwide and can cause substantial ecological and economic impact. However, the magnitude of impact may vary across habitats, highlighting the need to account for spatial heterogeneity in assessment studies. Here we compare invertebrate community structure in three habitats (littoral, sublittoral, and profundal) of boreal lakes that suffer recurring blooms of a regionally expanding, nuisance flagellate, Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyta), with the assemblage structure in lakes were no blooms occur. We contrast community structure over a 6-year period using univariate metrics (total abundance, community evenness, species richness, and Simpson diversity) and multivariate community similarity to infer habitat-specific associations of local (alpha) diversity. We also calculated indices of multivariate dispersion to infer associations with beta diversity; i.e., whether or not habitats in bloom lakes show faunal homogenisation. Results show that the magnitude of assemblage alteration in bloom relative to bloom-free lakes varied with habitat and increased from the littoral to the profundal habitats. Littoral assemblages in bloom and bloom-free lakes shared similar alpha (taxon richness, evenness and Simpson diversity) and beta diversity characteristics, despite differing in multivariate community similarity. By contrast, alteration of assemblage structure was most severe in the profundal and manifested in reduced diversity and faunal homogenisation (i.e. decreased beta diversity) in bloom relative to bloom-free lakes. This was due to numerical dominance of the predatory phantom midge, Chaoborus flavicans, in the profundal of bloom lakes. Not only do the results highlight that spatial heterogeneity should be accounted for to assess the potential broader impact of nuisance species on biodiversity within lakes; more generally, the dominance of a single species suggests a reduced overall resilience of bloom lakes, making them more susceptible to environmental perturbation. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Applications of spatial regimes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Panarchy: Applications and Diffusion Across Disciplines. - 9781642830897 ; , s. 94-115
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
- Angeler, David, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing and managing freshwater ecosystems vulnerable to environmental change
- 2014
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Ingår i: AMBIO: A Journal of the Human Environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 43, s. 113-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Freshwater ecosystems are important for global biodiversity and provide essential ecosystem services. There is consensus in the scientific literature that freshwater ecosystems are vulnerable to the impacts of environmental change, which may trigger irreversible regime shifts upon which biodiversity and ecosystem services may be lost. There are profound uncertainties regarding the management and assessment of the vulnerability of freshwater ecosystems to environmental change. Quantitative approaches are needed to reduce this uncertainty. We describe available statistical and modeling approaches along with case studies that demonstrate how resilience theory can be applied to aid decision-making in natural resources management. We highlight especially how long-term monitoring efforts combined with ecological theory can provide a novel nexus between ecological impact assessment and management, and the quantification of systemic vulnerability and thus the resilience of ecosystems to environmental change.
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| 16. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Barriers and bridges to the integration of social-ecological resilience and law
- 2015
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. - : Wiley. - 1540-9295 .- 1540-9309. ; 13, s. 332-337
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a fundamental difference between the ways in which ecologists and lawyers view uncertainty: in the study of ecology, uncertainty provides a catalyst for exploration, whereas uncertainty is antithetical to the rule of law. This issue is particularly troubling in environmental management, where the tensions between law and ecology become apparent. Rather than acknowledge uncertainties in management actions, legal frameworks often force a false sense of certainty in linking cause and effect. While adaptive management has been developed to deal with uncertainty, laws and legal wrangling can be obstacles to implementation. In this article, we recommend resilience-based governance "adaptive governance" as a means to begin bridging the gap between law and ecology.
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| 17. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Benthic invertebrate communities in regulated Mediterranean streams and least-impacted tributaries
- 2013
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Ingår i: Limnologica. - : Elsevier BV. - 0075-9511. ; 43, s. 34-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flow regulation is generally perceived to negatively influence fluvial ecosystems through alterations of natural habitat conditions, particularly in highly variable Mediterranean streams. However, the detection of impact may depend on chosen metrics, requiring a multiple-lines-of-evidence approach for ecologically relevant impact assessment. In this study, we compare the community structure, the trophic function, the microhabitat influence and the body condition of benthic invertebrates between the regulated Bullaque River and unregulated tributaries (Guadiana River basin, central Spain). Invertebrates and physical microhabitats were studied seasonally in 2010. Total abundance, EPT abundance, Rheoindex and LIFE metrics were higher in the regulated river during summer, whereas Shannon diversity was lower. Rheoindex and LIFE were higher in the tributaries during winter. Filterers were very abundant in spring and summer in the tributaries and the regulated stream, respectively. Deposit feeders dominated during summer in the tributaries. Despite these differences, ANOSIM revealed similar community structure and feeding groups characteristics in both fluvial system types. In addition, body condition, measured as fluctuating asymmetry level, indicated that darning created favourable developmental conditions for several invertebrate species in the Bullaque River. This suggests that darning surprisingly buffered from the adverse environmental conditions inflicted by seasonal summer drougths, which occur recurrently in Mediterranean areas. Results also suggest that the application of fluctuating asymmetry could therefore be promising for revealing integral ecological responses to different and often combined forms of anthropogenic and natural disturbance. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
-
Biodiversity in music scores
- 2020
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Ingår i: Challenges. - : MDPI AG. - 2078-1547. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nature has inspired music since the dawn of humankind and has contributed to the creation and development of music as an art form. However, attempts to use the science of nature (i.e., quantitative ecology) to inform music as a broader art-science system is comparatively underdeveloped. In this paper an approach from biodiversity assessments is borrowed to quantify structural diversity in music scores. The approach is analogous in its nature and considers notations with distinct pitches and duration as equivalents of species in ecosystems, measures within a score as equivalents of ecosystems, and the sum of measures (i.e., the entire score) as a landscape in which ecosystems are embedded. Structural diversity can be calculated at the level of measures (“alpha diversity”) and the entire score (“gamma diversity”). An additional metric can be derived that quantifies the structural differentiation between measures in a score (“beta diversity”). The approach is demonstrated using music scores that vary in complexity. The method seems particularly suitable for hypothesis testing to objectively identify many of the intricate phenomena in music. For instance, questions related to the variability within and between musical genres or among individual composers can be addressed. Another potential application is an assessment of ontogenetic structural variability in the works of composers during their lifetime. Such information can then be contrasted with other cultural, psychological, and historical variables, among others. This study shows the opportunities that music and ecology offer for interdisciplinary research to broaden our knowledge of complex systems of people and nature.
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| 20. |
- Angeler, David, et al.
(författare)
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Biological responses to liming in boreal lakes: an assessment using plankton, macroinvertebrate and fish communities
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Ecology. - : Wiley. - 0021-8901 .- 1365-2664. ; 47, s. 478-486
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- P>1. Biological responses to liming of acidified surface waters are equivocal and limit the overall assessment of food web responses. In this study, we analysed community structure in limed, acidified and circumneutral lakes, based on the analyses of phytoplankton, zooplankton, macroinvertebrates (littoral, sublittoral, profundal) and fish between 2000 and 2004. We also studied associations between functional feeding groups in food webs.2. Most univariate metrics of structure and function revealed similar community attributes among lake types, suggesting that community responses to natural recovery from acidification and liming management converge with those observed in circumneutral lakes. These trends were less clear in the multivariate analyses which showed significant community differences among lake types. For phytoplankton, these patterns were partly mediated by the invasive raphidophycean flagellate Gonyostomum semen.3. The associations between functional feeding groups indicated less connectivity and food web complexity in limed lakes relative to the other lake types. We speculate that repeated lime applications comprise frequent pulse disturbances which offset the establishment of stable trophic relationships in the food webs of limed lakes.4. Synthesis and applications. The limited structural and functional food web similarity among lake types supports the argument that liming constitutes an ecosystem-level disturbance. Managers should be aware of the ecosystem impacts of altered disturbance regimes when designing their management schemes because this can influence the success of restoration programmes. Furthermore, the lack of recovery, mediated in part by species invasions, suggests that impacts derived from global change are likely to lead to novel environmental situations. This calls for adaptive management strategies where managers are challenged to tackle multiple forms of anthropogenic stress simultaneously.
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| 21. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Biological systems - "Symphonies of Life": Reviving Friedrich Cramer's general resonance theory
- 2023
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Ingår i: BioEssays. - 0265-9247 .- 1521-1878. ; 45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding biological systems in terms of scientific materialism has arguably reached a frontier, leaving fundamental questions about their complexity unanswered. In 1998, Friedrich Cramer proposed a general resonance theory as a way forward. His theory builds on the extension of the quantum physical duality of matter and wave to the macroscopic world. According to Cramer' theory, agents constituting biological systems oscillate, akin to musical soundwaves, at specific eigenfrequencies. Biological system dynamics can be described as "Symphonies of Life" emerging from the resonance (and dissonance) of eigenfrequencies within the interacting collective. His theory has potential for studying biological problems of increasing complexity in a fast-changing Anthropocene from a new and transdisciplinary angle. Despite data becoming increasingly available for analyses, Cramer's theory remains ignored and therefore untested a quarter century after its publication. This paper discusses how the theory can move to quantitative assessments and application. Cramer's general resonance theory deserves revival.Schematic of biological systems as "Symphonies of Life". Resonant and dissonant patterns are symbolized with color circle lines and shapes in gray tones, respectively. Each symbol represents an agent with specific eigenfrequencies in a biological system. Different colors symbolize distinct self-similar eigenfrequency patterns emerging from individual eigenfrequencies in the system.image
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| 22. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Body size distributions signal a regime shift in a lake ecosystem
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 283
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Communities of organisms, from mammals to microorganisms, have discontinuous distributions of body size. This pattern of size structuring is a conservative trait of community organization and is a product of processes that occur at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In this study, we assessed whether body size patterns serve as an indicator of a threshold between alternative regimes. Over the past 7000 years, the biological communities of Foy Lake (Montana, USA) have undergone a major regime shift owing to climate change. We used a palaeoecological record of diatom communities to estimate diatom sizes, and then analysed the discontinuous distribution of organism sizes over time. We used Bayesian classification and regression tree models to determine that all time intervals exhibited aggregations of sizes separated by gaps in the distribution and found a significant change in diatom body size distributions approximately 150 years before the identified ecosystem regime shift. We suggest that discontinuity analysis is a useful addition to the suite of tools for the detection of early warning signals of regime shifts.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Angeler, David
(författare)
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Brain health-directed policymaking : a new concept to strengthen democracy
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Democracies are increasingly under siege. Beyond direct external (e.g., warfare) and internal (e.g., populism, extremism) threats to democratic nations, multiple democracy-weakening factors are converging in our modern world. Brain health challenges, including mental, neurologic, and substance use disorders, social determinants of health, long COVID, undesired effects of technology, mis- and disinformation, and educational, health, and gender disparities, are associated with substantial economic and sociopolitical impediments. Herein, we argue that thriving democracies can distinguish themselves through provision of environments that enable each citizen to achieve their full brain health potential conducive to both personal and societal well-being. Gearing policymaking towards equitable and quality brain health may prove essential to combat brain challenges, promote societal cohesion, and boost economic productivity. We outline emerging policy innovations directed at building “pro-democratic brain health” across individual, communal, national, and international levels. While extensive research is warranted to further validate these approaches, brain health-directed policymaking harbors potential as a novel concept for democracy strengthening.
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| 25. |
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