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- Feigin, Valery L., et al.
(författare)
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Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
- 2021
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Ingår i: Lancet Neurology. - : Elsevier. - 1474-4422 .- 1474-4465. ; 20:10, s. 795-820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Regularly updated data on stroke and its pathological types, including data on their incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability, risk factors, and epidemiological trends, are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) aims to provide a standardised and comprehensive measurement of these metrics at global, regional, and national levels. Methods We applied GBD 2019 analytical tools to calculate stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and the population attributable fraction (PAF) of DALYs (with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) associated with 19 risk factors, for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. These estimates were provided for ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and all strokes combined, and stratified by sex, age group, and World Bank country income level. Findings In 2019, there were 12.2 million (95% UI 11.0-13.6) incident cases of stroke, 101 million (93.2-111) prevalent cases of stroke, 143 million (133-153) DALYs due to stroke, and 6.55 million (6.00-7.02) deaths from stroke. Globally, stroke remained the second-leading cause of death (11.6% [10.8-12.2] of total deaths) and the third-leading cause of death and disability combined (5.7% [5.1-6.2] of total DALYs) in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, the absolute number of incident strokes increased by 70.0% (67.0-73.0), prevalent strokes increased by 85.0% (83.0-88.0), deaths from stroke increased by 43.0% (31.0-55.0), and DALYs due to stroke increased by 32.0% (22.0-42.0). During the same period, age-standardised rates of stroke incidence decreased by 17.0% (15.0-18.0), mortality decreased by 36.0% (31.0-42.0), prevalence decreased by 6.0% (5.0-7.0), and DALYs decreased by 36.0% (31.0-42.0). However, among people younger than 70 years, prevalence rates increased by 22.0% (21.0-24.0) and incidence rates increased by 15.0% (12.0-18.0). In 2019, the age-standardised stroke-related mortality rate was 3.6 (3.5-3.8) times higher in the World Bank low-income group than in the World Bank high-income group, and the age-standardised stroke-related DALY rate was 3.7 (3.5-3.9) times higher in the low-income group than the high-income group. Ischaemic stroke constituted 62.4% of all incident strokes in 2019 (7.63 million [6.57-8.96]), while intracerebral haemorrhage constituted 27.9% (3.41 million [2.97-3.91]) and subarachnoid haemorrhage constituted 9.7% (1.18 million [1.01-1.39]). In 2019, the five leading risk factors for stroke were high systolic blood pressure (contributing to 79.6 million [67.7-90.8] DALYs or 55.5% [48.2-62.0] of total stroke DALYs), high body-mass index (34.9 million [22.3-48.6] DALYs or 24.3% [15.7-33.2]), high fasting plasma glucose (28.9 million [19.8-41.5] DALYs or 20.2% [13.8-29.1]), ambient particulate matter pollution (28.7 million [23.4-33.4] DALYs or 20.1% [16.6-23.0]), and smoking (25.3 million [22.6-28.2] DALYs or 17.6% [16.4-19.0]). Interpretation The annual number of strokes and deaths due to stroke increased substantially from 1990 to 2019, despite substantial reductions in age-standardised rates, particularly among people older than 70 years. The highest age-standardised stroke-related mortality and DALY rates were in the World Bank low-income group. The fastest-growing risk factor for stroke between 1990 and 2019 was high body-mass index. Without urgent implementation of effective primary prevention strategies, the stroke burden will probably continue to grow across the world, particularly in low-income countries.
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- Beheshti, Hoosang M., et al.
(författare)
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E-business diffusion in large Swedish firms
- 2008
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Ingår i: Estableciendo puentes en una economía global.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advances in e-business are potentially the most important development for both large manufacturing and service organizations around the globe. E-business technology affords the company to move from a traditional business model to a model that promotes shared activities, desicion making, and problem solving as well as strengthening the management of inter- and intra-organizationl processes.
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- Beheshti, Hooshang M., et al.
(författare)
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Supply chain integration and firm performance : an empirical study of Swedish manufacturing firms
- 2014
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Ingår i: Competitiveness Review. - 1059-5422 .- 2051-3143. ; 24:1, s. 20-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – This article aims to explore the impact of supply chain integration on the financial performance of Swedish manufacturing firms.Design/methodology/approach – The literature review provided the foundation for the development of the survey instrument and hypotheses for the study. In addition, the survey instrument was tested by the experts in the field and modified before it was sent to the managers in the survey group.Findings – The findings show that supply chain integration at any level is beneficial to the financial well being of the firm. Companies with total supply chain integration reported the highest level of financial performance.Research limitations/implications – Data were collected from Swedish manufacturing firms without regard to the size of the firm. The results show that supply chain integration is beneficial at any level.Practical implications – The findings will assist managers with decisions regarding supply chain integration and its role as a critical factor in improving the financial performance of manufacturing companies.Originality/value – Limited empirical studies have been conducted in this area, especially in Sweden. This study provides insight for manufacturing managers with regard to the importance of supply chain management and the competitive nature of business in the global market.
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- Beheshti, Hoosang M., et al.
(författare)
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The strategic and organizational impact of electronic business on large firms
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of International Business Disciplines. - Frostburg, Maryland, USA : Frostburg State University. - 1934-1822. ; 2:3, s. 48-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research examines the impact of and the benefits derived from e-business integration in large manufacturing and service organizations in Sweden. Business managers are increasingly under pressure to improve the financial performance and the profitability of their companies. The Internet-based electronic business can provide opportunities for business ti improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of their business operations, to form partnership with suppliers, improve customer service, and to manage better their supply chain. The results show that large Swedish firms are benefiting from e-business implementation in many key areas of their business.
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- Beheshti, Reza, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction of commercial hematite pellet in isothermal fixed bed-experiments and numerical modelling
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ironmaking & steelmaking. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0301-9233 .- 1743-2812. ; 43:1, s. 31-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present work, fixed bed reduction experiments were conducted at 1173 K over a range of H-2/CO ratios from 0.8 to 2.0 and subsequently modelled numerically (R). The model consists of two one-dimensional, isothermal and time dependent models. The gas-solid reactions were kinetically modelled using a modified shrinking core approach, and the equations were solved using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics H. The simulation results agree with thermal gravity experimental data with an average difference of 2.5%. A sensitivity analysis was conducted using the numerical model to establish the optimum operational conditions. The effects of the reducing gas ratio and flow rate, pellet radius and porosity, and the total bed height on the overall degree of reduction were also investigated.
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- Hultman, Magnus, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving tourist loyalty through destination personality, satisfaction,and identification
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 68:11, s. 2227-2231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The general marketing literature suggests that brand personality, satisfaction, and customer identification with the brand are important drivers of consumer behavior in several contexts. Yet, the literature lacks studies on these constructs' role in tourist behavior. In an endeavor to overcome this research deficit, this study explores the interrelationships among destination personality, tourist satisfaction, and tourist–destination identification, and the extent to which they are important in influencing positive word-of-mouth and revisit intentions. The study employs structural equation modeling to analyze data from 490 Taiwanese consumers reporting on their most recently visited tourism destinations. Findings indicate that (1) destination personality promotes tourist satisfaction, tourist–destination identification, positive word-of-mouth, and revisit intentions; (2) satisfaction encourages identification and word-of-mouth; and (3) identification enhances word-of-mouth and revisit intentions. The paper provides theoretical and managerial implications.
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| 12. |
- Mattson, M. R., et al.
(författare)
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Purchasing in the Far East
- 1991
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Ingår i: Proceedings of National Association of Purchasing Managers. ; , s. 258-262
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 13. |
- Mirza, A.P., et al.
(författare)
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Internet banking service adoption : private bank versus governmental bank
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Sciences. - : Science Alert. - 1812-5654 .- 1812-5662. ; 9:24, s. 4206-4214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The goal of this study is to develop and enhance an understanding of Iranian customers' adoption of Internet banking services. Enhancement of Internet banking service adoption is an important strategy in today's increasingly competitive banking industry. Bank management must identify and improve upon factors that can limit customer adoption. Through a questionnaire, demographic, attitudinal and behavioral characteristics of Internet banking service customers of Saman and Mellat banks from private and governmental sectors are captured. The results illustrate that expectations about service quality are high. The majority of the customers are very willing to use Internet banking services. The security concerns and lack of adequate technological knowledge stand out as being two main obstacles to the adoption of Internet banking. There was also evidence that customers' age groups and level of education more contributed to explain the respondent's propensity to use Internet banking services. Saman bank was perceived as having a significantly better service portfolio, specifically in regard to making customers aware of its services and offering its attractive incentives in comparison to Mellat bank. The service quality dimensions were found to better meet the overall expectation of customers who patronized Saman bank. Since the majority of the Iranian banks are under the governmental authority; thus, privatization could be useful in enrichment of the Iranian banks' performance.
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| 14. |
- Mostaghel, Rana
(författare)
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Integrated supply chain strategy, competition capabilities and firm performance : investigating adoption of enterprise systems within Swedish service firms
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Competition among service firms has become increasingly intense since the number of service firms has grown tremendously in recent decades. Managers in search of ingredients for competition capabilities have found supply chain integration beneficial. True supply chain integration is only possible through the use of enterprise systems. However, the impact of the adoption of enterprise systems in service firms has not been examined thoroughly. Thus, there is a pronounced need for academic research in this area. Accordingly, the purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the adoption of enterprise systems, supply chain integration, competition capabilities, and firm performance in service firms. Based on the literature review, a proposed research model and six hypotheses were developed. A paper-based mail survey resulted in 233 complete and usable responses from Swedish service firms, at their major service level, which resulted in a response rate of 63%. The majority of the respondents were wholesale trades. The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. In addition, the moderating and mediating effects were tested.The results revealed that an increase in anticipated benefits and access to new markets leads to the adoption of enterprise systems. Further, the technology plays a significant role in supply chain integration, and improving that integration enhances competition capabilities. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that competition capabilities relate significantly and positively to firm performance. Finally, it was found that enterprise systems do not have a direct relationship with firm performance; however, their relationship was mediated by supply chain integration and competition capabilities.Thus, it is suggested that service sectors managers who wish to achieve superior competition position in the marketplaces and trades, consider integration with their supply chain partners. In this regard, the adoption of enterprise systems facilitates supply chain integration. Finally, managers need to know that while enterprise systems do not directly improve firm performance, they impact supply chain integration and competition capabilities.
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| 15. |
- Oghazi, Pejvak, et al.
(författare)
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Unity is strength : A study of supplier relationship management integration
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0148-2963 .- 1873-7978. ; 69:11, s. 4804-4810
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researches on the supply chain management within the last decade demonstrate that business processes integration can increase the performance effectiveness and efficiency across the chain. This study intends to investigate the integration of the supplier relationship management (SRM) process between the manufacturer and its first upstream tier of suppliers within the construction equipment industry. This research also strives to identify the potential obstacles to the SRM integration and provides solution suggestions to overcome these barriers. In this regard, the review of the literature and subsequent analyses of the empirical findings from European construction equipment manufacturers illustrate that the SRM process integration can take place through the integration of its several sub-processes into strategic and operational characteristics. In this context, the lack of goal congruence, commitment, and trust between the manufacturer and its supplier are the major potential barriers to the SRM integration. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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