| 1. |
- Hansson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Recombinant human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase. Catalytic activity is retained in the absence of glycosylation and the unique proline-rich repeats.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 268:35, s. 26692-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase ensures efficient utilization of triacylglycerol by breast-fed infants. Cloning and sequencing of cDNA have revealed that the peptide chain consists of 722 amino acid residues showing only little homology to typical lipases. The sequence is identical to that of pancreatic carboxylic-ester hydrolase. The COOH-terminal part contains 16 proline-rich repeats of 11 residues with O-linked carbohydrate. The only N-linked sugar chain is situated close to the active-site serine. Using C127 cells and a bovine papilloma virus vector, high and stable expression of full-length lipase and of several variants, obtained by site-directed mutagenesis, was achieved. The produced proteins were purified and further characterized. Variants lacking all, or all but two, repeats were active with similar specific activity and the same bile salt dependence as the native milk enzyme. Changing the asparagine necessary for N-glycosylation gave the same principal results. Active recombinant full-length lipase was also produced in a bacterial system. We conclude that neither glycosylation (N- or O-linked) nor the proline-rich repeats are essential for catalytic activity or bile salt activation of human milk bile salt-stimulated lipase.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Blind, Per-Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Carboxylic ester hydrolase. A sensitive serum marker and indicator of severity of acute pancreatitis.
- 1991
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Ingår i: International journal of Pancreatology. - 0169-4197. ; 8:1, s. 65-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When using clinical criteria, both falsely positive and falsely negative diagnoses of acute pancreatitis (AP) are often made. Based on a clinical study, elevated serum levels of the pancreatic lipolytic enzyme carboxylic ester hydrolase (CEH) was recently suggested to be a highly specific marker of acute pancreatitis. To determine the sensitivity of the test for AP, a study on patients with the diagnosis set objectively was necessary. In the present study, AP was diagnosed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography in 64 patients, and histopathological examination of tissue removed at laparotomy in 18 of them. By these criteria, 42 patients suffered from acute interstitial pancreatitis (AIP), and 22 patients from necrotizing pancreatitis (NP). Based on the CEH concentrations in the first serum sample obtained in each patient, the sensitivity of CEH for pancreatitis was 98%. From the second day after admission, CEH levels in patients with NP were significantly higher than in patients with AIP. Furthermore, in patients with NP, CEH values remained at a raised level for the following 10 d, whereas a significant decrease of CEH values was noted in patients with AIP. In contrast, total serum amylase activities were higher in patients suffering of AIP than in patients suffering of NP during the observation period. We conclude, that the sensitivity of the CEH test is very high for AP. CEH concentrations remaining at a high level are suggestive of NP, whereas diminishing CEH levels are suggestive of AIP.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Bläckberg, M, et al.
(författare)
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Turnover of 125I-labelled tissue kallikrein following intraduodenal or intravenous administration
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5513 .- 1502-7686. ; 61:1, s. 57-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- UNLABELLED: Tissue kallikrein is released in the body both physiologically and in many inflammatory disorders. Little is, however, known about the turnover of released tissue kallikrein in humans. Approximately 1 mg of tissue kallikrein (mol wt 43,000 Da) was purified from 85 L human urine by: (1) ultracentrifugation, (2) filtration through an aprotinin-coupled Sepharose 4B column, followed by (3) gel filtration over a Sephadex G-75 column. The elimination, after intraduodenal or intravenous administration of purified tissue kallikrein radiolabelled with 125I, was followed by collecting serial samples of plasma, urine and faeces from three volunteers. Within 72 h, about 96% of the intraduodenally administered radioactivity had been excreted in urine, and approximately 5.4% in faeces, mainly as 125I. No intact 125I-tissue kallikrein was found in plasma, urine or faeces after the intraduodenal instillation of the protein. The plasma half-life of 125I-tissue kallikrein up to 3 h after intravenous injection was 9 min and, thereafter, 20 h. The 125I-tissue kallikrein was quickly bound to a plasma protein with a mol wt of about 67 kDa, but some of the radioiodinated tissue kallikrein was still unbound 15 min after injection, judged by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 columns. Most of the radioactivity was excreted in the urine as 125I, but about 4-6% was recovered as free 125I-tissue kallikrein.CONCLUSION: The use of tissue kallikrein as an oral drug appears, therefore, to be useless. Tissue kallikrein released into plasma seems to be quickly bound to a protein with a mol wt of 67 kDa, probably kallistatin or Protein C inhibitor, but some tissue kallikrein seems to be unbound and may have some physiological or pathophysiological action. The unbound tissue kallikrein is, at least partly, cleared from the circulation by the kidneys, and tissue kallikrein in the urine may partly be derived from plasma.
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| 6. |
- Glimaker, M., et al.
(författare)
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Early lumbar puncture in adult bacterial meningitis-rationale for revised guidelines
- 2013
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0036-5548 .- 1651-1980. ; 45:9, s. 657-663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current international guidelines recommend cerebral computerized tomography (CT) before lumbar puncture (LP) in many adults with suspected acute bacterial meningitis (ABM), due to concern about LP-induced cerebral herniation. Despite guideline emphasis on early treatment based on symptoms, performing CT prior to LP implies a risk of delayed ABM treatment, which may be associated with a fatal outcome. Firm evidence for LP-induced herniation in adult ABM is absent and brain CT cannot discard herniation. Thus, the recommendation to perform CT before LP may contribute to an avoidable delay of LP and ABM treatment. The inappropriate use of the diagnostic treatment sequence of brain CT scan, followed by LP, followed by antibiotics and corticosteroids should be avoided in adults with suspected ABM by omitting needless contraindications for LP, thus eliminating an unnecessary fear of immediate LP. Revised Swedish guidelines regarding early LP are presented, and the background documentation and reasons for omitting impaired consciousness, new onset seizures, and immunocompromised state as contraindications to LP are discussed.
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