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Sökning: WFRF:(Burford A)

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  • Burford, M. A., et al. (författare)
  • Perspective: Advancing the research agenda for improving understanding of cyanobacteria in a future of global change
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Harmful Algae. - : Elsevier BV. - 1568-9883. ; 91
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (=cyanoHABs) are an increasing feature of many waterbodies throughout the world. Many bloom-forming species produce toxins, making them of particular concern for drinking water supplies, recreation and fisheries in waterbodies along the freshwater to marine continuum. Global changes resulting from human impacts, such as climate change, over-enrichment and hydrological alterations of waterways, are major drivers of cyanoHAB proliferation and persistence. This review advocates that to better predict and manage cyanoHABs in a changing world, researchers need to leverage studies undertaken to date, but adopt a more complex and definitive suite of experiments, observations, and models which can effectively capture the temporal scales of processes driven by eutrophication and a changing climate. Better integration of laboratory culture and field experiments, as well as whole system and multiple-system studies are needed to improve confidence in models predicting impacts of climate change and anthropogenic over-enrichment and hydrological modifications. Recent studies examining adaptation of species and strains to long-term perturbations, e.g. temperature and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels, as well as incorporating multi-species and multi-stressor approaches emphasize the limitations of approaches focused on single stressors and individual species. There are also emerging species of concern, such as toxic benthic cyanobacteria, for which the effects of global change are less well understood, and require more detailed study. This review provides approaches and examples of studies tackling the challenging issue of understanding how global changes will affect cyanoHABs, and identifies critical information needs for effective prediction and management. © 2019
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3.
  • Rubel, Marek, et al. (författare)
  • Search for mobilised dust during operations with equipment for remote handling in JET with ITER-like wall
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; T171:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Accumulation of dust on the equipment for remotely handled (RH) operations was studied in JET with the ITER-like wall (JET-ILW) during the shutdown period following the third ILW campaign. The topic is connected to licensing procedures for ITER: the need to assess risks related to the external transfer of beryllium and radioactive matter with tritium and activation products. Ten adhesive carbon pads were placed in different locations on the robotic arm operated in-vessel for 672 h. Also air samplers were used during the RH operation and smear tests of the RH boom were performed to quantify specific contamination levels by beryllium and tritium. Dust morphology was determined by microscopy techniques. The areal density of dust varies at different sticker position on the boom. On some parts (e.g. 'wrists' of the robot) the density of particles exceeds 1000 per mm(2). Their morphology is very diverse but most collected objects originate from the construction material (aluminium) of the RH equipment itself. The accumulation of Be- and W-based particles is negligible. The study confirms earlier experimental evidence that Be-rich co-deposits (and also W coatings on CFC) adhere well to plasma-facing components and they are not easily mobilised.
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