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- Enarsson, Lars-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Tailoring the chemistry of polyelectrolytes to control their adsorption on cellulosic surfaces
- 2009
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-7757 .- 1873-4359. ; 340:1-3, s. 135-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adsorption of two types of cationic polyacrylamides in the presence of a background electrolyte was studied on substrates including silicon oxide, kraft pulp fibres and thin films of regenerated cellulose. One of the polyelectrolytes was a conventional cationic polyacrylamide (MeCPAM) and the other was a benzyl-containing derivative of cationic polyacrylamide (BzCPAM). It was found that the aromatic substituents of BzCPAM strongly enhanced the adsorption on substrates of hydrophobically modified silicon oxide when a background electrolyte was present. A similar effect was also seen in the case of BzCPAM adsorption on unbleached pulp fibres, but in this case MeCPAM also exhibited a strong adsorption at high background electrolyte concentrations. On bleached pulp fibres, BzCPAM maintained a high adsorption up to a concentration of 100 mM NaCl whereas MeCPAM adsorption showed a significant decrease at this salt concentration. On model cellulose films, the adsorption of BzCPAM was similar to that of MeCPAM and the non-ionic interactions with cellulose appeared weak, since there was no adsorption of either polyelectrolyte in 300 mM NaCl.
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- Jakobsson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Probing the liquid–gas coexistence in p+Xe reactions from 200 to 1400 MeV
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 644:4, s. 228-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is probed from statistical parameters, determined in an excitation function experiment on p + Xe-nat reactions at 200-1400 MeV. Total charge (Z) distributions follow a cascade-[multi]fragmentation-evaporation (CFEM) model well. The caloric curve in regions supposedly dominated by fast processes is compatible with a pure statistical multifragmentation (SMM) process, where the temperature (T)-excitation energy (epsilon*) relation starts in the Fermi liquid phase and progresses into a liquid/gas coexistence region, where it remains up to 1400 MeV. A local peak in T at epsilon* = 2.1 MeV agrees with the idea of sudden fragmentation.
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- Marthinsen, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Kolonspiroketos - behandlingsbart och värt att uppmärksamma : Erfarenheter från pediatrisk praktik
- 2006
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 103:46, s. 3600-3602
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article is written to raise awareness among clinicians and pathologists regarding the existence of colonic spirochetosis. Whether this is of clinical significance is still a matter of debate. We report a series of sixteen randomly selected patients, all of paediatric age; eight of them have been reported in a previous publication (10). In one patient, spirochetes were found both in the colon and in the liver. The colon organisms were Brachyspira aalborgi, documented by antigen test; however, due to lack of material, the spirochetes in the liver could not be typed. As 10 of 13 patients recovered or improved after antibiotic treatment with clarythromycin or metronidazole, our conclusion is that Brachyspira may be pathogenic. We suggest that when a rectosigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy is performed, colonic spirochetosis should be considered, especially in the differential diagnosis to microscopic colitis.
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- Aggarwal, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Centrality and transverse momentum dependence of collective flow in 158 A GeV Pb+Pb collisions measured via inclusive photons
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 762:1-2, s. 129-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Directed and elliptic flow of inclusive photons near mid-rapidity in 158 A GeV Pb + Pb collisions has been studied. The data have been obtained with the photon spectrometer LEDA of the WA98 experiment at the CERN SPS. The flow strength has been measured for various centralities as a function of p(T) and rapidity over 0. 18 < p(T) < 1.5 GeV/c and 2.3 < y < 2.9. The angular anisotropy has been studied relative to an event plane obtained in the target fragmentation region that shows the elliptic flow to be in-plane. The elliptic flow has also been studied using two-particle correlations and shown to give similar results. A small directed flow component is observed. Both the directed and elliptic flow strengths increase with p(T). The photon flow results are used to estimate the corresponding neutral pion flow.
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- Aggarwal, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Centrality dependence of charged-neutral particle fluctuations in 158A (GeVPb)-Pb-208+Pb-208 collisions
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 67:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results on the study of localized fluctuations in the multiplicity of charged particles and photons produced in 158A GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions are presented for varying centralities. The charged versus neutral particle multiplicity correlations in common phase space regions of varying azimuthal sizes are analyzed by two different methods. Various types of mixed events are constructed to probe fluctuations arising from different sources. The measured results are compared to those from simulations and from mixed events. The comparison indicates the presence of nonstatistical fluctuations in both the charged particle and photon multiplicities in limited azimuthal regions. However, no correlated charged-neutral fluctuations, a possible signature of formation of disoriented chiral condensates, are observed. An upper limit on the production of disoriented chiral condensates is set.
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- Aggarwal, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Event-by-event fluctuations in particle multiplicities and transverse energy produced in 158A GeVPb plus Pb collisions
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 65:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Event-by-event fluctuations in the multiplicities of charged particles and photons, and the total transverse energy in 158A GeV Pb+Pb collisions are studied for a wide range of centralities. For narrow centrality bins the multiplicity and transverse energy distributions are found to be near perfect Gaussians. The effect of detector acceptance on the multiplicity fluctuations has been studied and demonstrated to follow statistical considerations. The centrality dependence of the charged particle multiplicity fluctuations in the measured data has been found to agree reasonably well with those obtained from a participant model. However, for photons the multiplicity fluctuations have been found to be lower compared to those obtained from a participant model. The multiplicity and transverse energy fluctuations have also been compared to those obtained from the VENUS event generator.
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- Aggarwal, M M, et al.
(författare)
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Azimuthal anisotropy of photon and charged particle emission in Pb-208+Pb-208 collisions at 158 center dot A GeV/c
- 2005
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 41:3, s. 287-296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The azimuthal distributions of photons and charged particles with respect to the event plane are investigated as a function of centrality in Pb-208 + Pb-208 collisions at 158 (.) A GeV/c in the WA98 experiment at the CERN SPS. The anisotropy of the azimuthal distributions is characterized using a Fourier analysis. For both the photon and charged particle distributions the first two Fourier coefficients are observed to decrease with increasing centrality. The observed anisotropies of the photon distributions compare well with the expectations from the charged particle measurements for all centralities.
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- Aggarwal, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Event-by-event charged-neutral fluctuations in Pb plus Pb collisions at 158 A GeV
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physics Letters. Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693. ; 701:3, s. 300-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Charged particles and photons have been measured in central Pb + Pb collisions at 158 A GeV in a common (eta-phi)-phase space region in the WA98 experiment at the CERN SPS. The measured distributions have been analyzed to quantify the frequency with which phase space regions of varying sizes have either small or large neutral pion fraction. The measured results are compared with VENUS model simulated events and with mixed events. Events with both large and small charged-neutral fluctuations are observed to occur more frequently than expected statistically, as deduced from mixed events, or as predicted by model simulations, with the difference becoming more prominent with decreasing size of the A Delta eta-Delta phi region. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Aggarwal, M.M., et al.
(författare)
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Particle density fluctuations
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics A. ; 715, s. 339-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Event-by-event fluctuations in the multiplicities of charged particles and photons at SPS energies are discussed. Fluctuations are studied by controlling the centrality of the reaction and rapidity acceptance of the detectors. Results are also presented on the event-by-event study of correlations between the multiplicity of charged particles and photons to search for DCC-like signals.
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17. |
- Aggarwal, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Photon and eta production in p plus Pb and p plus C collisions at root(NN)-N-S=17.4 GeV
- 2013
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics, Section A. - : Elsevier BV. - 0375-9474. ; 898, s. 14-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements of direct photon production in p + Pb and p + C collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 17.4 GeV are presented. Upper limits on the direct photon yield as a function of p(T) are derived and compared to the results for Pb + Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 17.3 GeV. The production of the eta meson, which is an important input to the direct photon signal extraction, has been determined in the eta -> 2 gamma channel for p + C collisions at root(NN)-N-s = 17.4 GeV. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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- Aggarwal, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Pion freeze-out time in Pb plus Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c studied via pi(-)/pi(+) and K-/K+ ratios
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 48:2, s. 343-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of the final state Coulomb interaction on particles produced in Pb + Pb collisions at 158AGeV/c has been investigated in the WA98 experiment through the study of the pi(-)/pi(+) and K-/K+ ratios measured as a function of T-m- (m)0. While the ratio for kaons shows no significant T-m dependence, the pi(-)/pi(+) ratio is enhanced at small T-m - (m)0 values with an enhancement that increases with centrality. A silicon pad detector located near the target is used to estimate the contribution of hyperon decays to the pi(-)/pi(+) ratio. The comparison of results with predictions of the RQMD model in which the Coulomb interaction has been incorporated allows to place constraints on the time of the pion freeze-out.
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- Aggarwal, M. M., et al.
(författare)
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Suppression of high-p(T) neutral pion production in central Pb+Pb collisions at root s(NN)=17.3 GeV relative to p+C and p+Pb collisions
- 2008
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 100:24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutral pion transverse momentum spectra were measured in p+C and p+Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 17.4 GeV at midrapidity (2.3 less than or similar to eta(lab)less than or similar to 3.0) over the range 0.7 less than or similar to p(T)less than or similar to 3.5 GeV/c. The spectra are compared to pi(0) spectra measured in Pb+Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 17.3 GeV in the same experiment. For a wide range of Pb+Pb centralities (N-part less than or similar to 300), the yield of pi(0)'s with p(T)greater than or similar to 2 GeV/c is larger than or consistent with the p+C or p+Pb yields scaled with the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions (N-coll), while for central Pb+Pb collisions with N-part greater than or similar to 350, the pi(0) yield is suppressed.
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- Aggarwal, MM, et al.
(författare)
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Transverse mass distributions of neutral pions from Pb-208-induced reactions at 158 center dot A GeV
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal C. Particles and Fields. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6044. ; 23:2, s. 225-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Results on transverse mass spectra of neutral pious measured at central rapidity are presented for impact parameter selected 158-A GeV Pb + Pb-1 and Pb + Nb collisions. The distributions cover the range 0.5 GeV/c(2) less than or equal to MT - Mo less than or equal to 4 GeV/c(2). The change of the spectral shape and the multiplicity with centrality is studied in detail. In going from p+p to semi-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions there is a nuclear enhancement increasing with transverse mass similar to the well known Cronin effect, while for very central collisions this enhancement appears to be weaker than expected.
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- Almståhl, Annica, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Fermentation of sugars and sugar alcohols by plaque Lactobacillus strains
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Investigations. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-6981 .- 1436-3771. ; 17:6, s. 1465-1470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The objective was to analyse the ability of Lactobacillus strains isolated from supragingival plaque of subjects with hyposalivation and from healthy controls to ferment sugars and sugar alcohols. Material and methods Fifty strains isolated from interproximal plaque from subjects with radiation-induced hyposalivation (25 strains), subjects with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (16 strains) and from subjects with normal salivary secretion rate (9 strains) were tested. Growth and pH were determined after 24 and 48 h of anaerobic incubation in vials containing basal media with 1 % of glucose, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol or xylitol. Results No differences between strains isolated from hyposalivated subjects and controls were detected. All strains lowered the pH to <5.0 from fructose and the majority of the strains from glucose and sucrose. A pH of <5.5 was seen for 52 % of the strains using mannitol, 50 % using sorbitol and 36 % using xylitol. The ability to produce acids from sugars and sugar alcohols was highest among strains of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei and lowest among Lactobacillus fermentum strains. Conclusion A large number of Lactobacillus strains are able to ferment not only sugars but also the sugar substitutes mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol to pH levels critical for enamel demineralisation. Clinical relevance Our findings suggest that products containing mannitol, sorbitol and/or xylitol may contribute to the acidogenic potential of the dental plaque and especially in hyposalivated subjects with high numbers of lactobacilli.
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- Almståhl, Annica, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacillus species in supragingival plaque in subjects with hyposalivation
- 2004
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Ingår i: International journal of dental hygiene. - : Wiley. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 2:3
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to analyse frequency and proportion of Lactobacillus species in supragingival plaque in subjects with hyposalivation and the Lactobacillus species ability to ferment sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol and xylitol.Material and methods: Ten subjects treated with radiation therapy (RT), 10 subjects with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), and matched controls were included. Supragingival plaque was collected interproximally 12-13 and 15-16 and analysed using cultivation technique. Lactobacillus colonies were randomly selected and stored at -70 degrees C. The Lactobacillus strains fermentation pattern was analysed using basal medium with 1% of respective carbohydrate/sugar alcohol added.Results: Lactobacilli were more frequent at site 15-16 than at site 12-13. Lactobacilli were about twice as frequent in the pSS and RT groups than in their respective control group. For those harbouring lactobacilli, the proportion of the total count at site 15-16 was 13 +/- 27% for the RT group and 0.003 +/- 0.003% for their controls, 3.2 +/- 5.8% for the pSS group and 0.06 +/- 0.2% for their controls. We have further analysed 28 of 114 collected Lactobacillus strains. All strains gave a pH <6.0 and at 95% a pH <5.5 at sucrose fermentation. Mannitol could be fermented by 82% of the strains, sorbitol by 75% and xylitol by 64%. A pH <5.5 was obtained for 82% of the strains with mannitol, 75% with sorbitol and 32% with xylitol.Conclusion: Subjects with hyposalivation have a marked increase in lactobacilli. Of the strains analysed this far 95% gave a pH <5.5 at sucrose-fermentation. A pH <5.5 was obtained for 82% of the strains with mannitol, 75% with sorbitol and 32% with xylitol. As those sugar substitutes are included in tooth pastes, chewing gums and saliva-stimulating tablets and sprays, it is likely that the lactobacilli are further promoted in subjects with hyposalivation.
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