| 1. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 2. |
- Kanai, M, et al.
(författare)
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- 2023
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nakanishi, T, et al.
(författare)
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Age-dependent impact of the major common genetic risk factor for COVID-19 on severity and mortality
- 2021
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Ingår i: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- BackgroundThere is considerable variability in COVID-19 outcomes amongst younger adults—and some of this variation may be due to genetic predisposition. We characterized the clinical implications of the major genetic risk factor for COVID-19 severity, and its age-dependent effect, using individual-level data in a large international multi-centre consortium.MethodThe major common COVID-19 genetic risk factor is a chromosome 3 locus, tagged by the marker rs10490770. We combined individual level data for 13,424 COVID-19 positive patients (N=6,689 hospitalized) from 17 cohorts in nine countries to assess the association of this genetic marker with mortality, COVID-19-related complications and laboratory values. We next examined if the magnitude of these associations varied by age and were independent from known clinical COVID-19 risk factors.FindingsWe found that rs10490770 risk allele carriers experienced an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1·4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1·2–1·6) and COVID-19 related mortality (HR 1·5, 95%CI 1·3–1·8). Risk allele carriers had increased odds of several COVID-19 complications: severe respiratory failure (odds ratio [OR] 2·0, 95%CI 1·6-2·6), venous thromboembolism (OR 1·7, 95%CI 1·2-2·4), and hepatic injury (OR 1·6, 95%CI 1·2-2·0). Risk allele carriers ≤ 60 years had higher odds of death or severe respiratory failure (OR 2·6, 95%CI 1·8-3·9) compared to those > 60 years OR 1·5 (95%CI 1·3-1·9, interaction p-value=0·04). Amongst individuals ≤ 60 years who died or experienced severe respiratory COVID-19 outcome, we found that 31·8% (95%CI 27·6-36·2) were risk variant carriers, compared to 13·9% (95%CI 12·6-15·2%) of those not experiencing these outcomes. Prediction of death or severe respiratory failure among those ≤ 60 years improved when including the risk allele (AUC 0·82 vs 0·84, p=0·016) and the prediction ability of rs10490770 risk allele was similar to, or better than, most established clinical risk factors.InterpretationThe major common COVID-19 risk locus on chromosome 3 is associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality—and these are more pronounced amongst individuals ≤ 60 years. The effect on COVID-19 severity was similar to, or larger than most established risk factors, suggesting potential implications for clinical risk management.FundingFunding was obtained by each of the participating cohorts individually.
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| 5. |
- Nakanishi, Tomoko, et al.
(författare)
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Age-dependent impact of the major common genetic risk factor for COVID-19 on severity and mortality
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : American Society For Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 131:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND. There is considerable variability in COVID-19 outcomes among younger adults, and some of this variation may be due to genetic predisposition. METHODS. We combined individual level data from 13,888 COVID-19 patients (n = 7185 hospitalized) from 17 cohorts in 9 countries to assess the association of the major common COVID-19 genetic risk factor (chromosome 3 locus tagged by rs10490770) with mortality, COVID-19-related complications, and laboratory values. We next performed metaanalyses using FinnGen and the Columbia University COVID-19 Biobank. RESULTS. We found that rs10490770 risk allele carriers experienced an increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7). Risk allele carriers had increased odds of several COVID-19 complications: severe respiratory failure (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6-2.6), venous thromboembolism (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.4), and hepatic injury (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-2.0). Risk allele carriers age 60 years and younger had higher odds of death or severe respiratory failure (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.8-3.9) compared with those of more than 60 years (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.8; interaction, P = 0.038). Among individuals 60 years and younger who died or experienced severe respiratory failure, 32.3% were risk-variant carriers compared with 13.9% of those not experiencing these outcomes. This risk variant improved the prediction of death or severe respiratory failure similarly to, or better than, most established clinical risk factors. CONCLUSIONS. The major common COVID-19 genetic risk factor is associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality, which are more pronounced among individuals 60 years or younger. The effect was similar in magnitude and more common than most established clinical risk factors, suggesting potential implications for future clinical risk management.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Bodén, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the effect of flow direction on liner impedance using different measurement methods
- 2017
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Ingår i: 23rd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, 2017. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. - 9781624105043
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an ongoing scientific discussion about the effect of flow on experimental techniques for determination of acoustic liner impedance. This paper contributes to this continuing effort to gain confidence in results obtained under different acoustical and flow excitation configurations. A majority of the test rigs for determination of liner impedance including the effect of mean flow use plane wave excitation on the upstream side of the liner, but some studies have compared the results for downstream acoustic excitation. Especially for the so-called inverse impedance eduction techniques, it has been reported that different flow directions compared to the acoustic excitation can provide different educed impedances. It is still an open question if this results are due to the application of the Ingard-Myers boundary condition, to other errors or flaws in the measurements or a characteristic of the liner itself. This paper revisit some previous published results and compares the result obtained by means of inverse impedance eduction techniques, which in general adopt the Ingard-Myers boundary condition, and in-situ impedance measurements, which do not require the definition of a boundary condition. It is seen that discrepancies between downstream and upstream measurement can be observed in both approaches, and a discussion on such behavior is presented.
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| 8. |
- Bodén, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of flow direction on acoustic liner impedance measurement results
- 2016
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Ingår i: ICSV 2016 - 23rd International Congress on Sound and Vibration. - 9789609922623
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The last twenty years have seen a large development in inverse techniques for the determination of liner impedance under grazing flow conditions, so called impedance eduction techniques. This paper contributes to a continuing effort to gain confidence in results obtained under different acoustical excitation configurations. Many test rigs for determination of liner impedance including the effect of mean flow use plane wave excitation on the upstream side of the liner. Some studies has compared the result for downstream acoustic excitation and found that different acoustic impedances are obtained in the two cases. It is still an open question if this result is due to the application of the Ingard-Myers boundary condition or to other errors or flaws in the measurements. This paper collects data available in the literature to see if the trend of obtaining different results for upstream and downstream excitation is persistent.
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| 9. |
- Bodén, Hans, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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On the effect of flow direction on impedance eduction results
- 2016
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Ingår i: 22nd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, 2016. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The last twenty years have seen a large development in inverse techniques for the determination of liner impedance under grazing flow conditions, so called impedance eduction techniques. This paper contributes to a continuing e ort to gain confidence in results obtained under different acoustical excitation configurations. Many test rigs use plane wave excitation on the upstream side of the liner for determination of liner impedance including the effect of mean flow. Some studies have compared the result for downstream acoustic excitation and found that different acoustic impedances are obtained in the two cases. It is still an open question if this result is due to the application of the Ingard-Myers boundary condition or to other errors or flaws in the measurements. This paper collects data available in the literature as well as some new data to see if the trend of obtaining di erent results for upstream and downstream excitation is persistent. The Ingard-Myers boundary condition and alternative formulations published in the literature are discussed.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Spillere, A. M. N., et al.
(författare)
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On the effect of boundary conditions on impedance eduction results
- 2017
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Ingår i: 23rd AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference, 2017. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The acoustic impedance determination of liners remains a challenging task. Recent works have shown that different experimental procedures may lead to different impedance results. Since the acoustic impedance is a key parameter related to the absorption coefficient, it must be correctly measured. The experimental techniques can be divided in two categories: in-situ and inverse methods. In general, the latter assume, in the presence of a mean flow, an infinitely small boundary layer over the liner surface i.e. the so called Ingard-Myers boundary condition. More recent boundary conditions have been proposed that include a small but finite boundary layer. In this paper, the Brambley boundary condition is implemented for a mode matching method, whereas a shear flow profile is considered in a straightforward method. The educed impedances for different liners and flow velocities are compared and the results are discussed.
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| 12. |
- Spillere, A. M. N., et al.
(författare)
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Optimum impedance in the presence of an inviscid sheared flow
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 AIAA/CEAS Aeroacoustics Conference. - Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. - 9781624105609
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, much effort has been devoted to find the “optimum impedance” i.e. the impedance that results in the maximum modal decay rate in flow duct acoustics. Although such analysis can be carried out by means of numerical simulations, analytical expressions can also be derived in order to predict the optimum impedance. Previous works have been concerned over the optimum impedance of higher order modes in rectangular ducts with uniform flow. In this work, the analysis is expanded to circular and rectangular ducts for both uniform and sheared inviscid flows. Focus is given on a typical aero-engine intake and flight conditions. It is shown that, in certain conditions, the optimum impedance is affected even by the presence of a small boundary layer thickness. It is also noted that for low Helmholtz numbers the optimum impedance may have a negative resistance.
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