| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation and evaluation of Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) in mandated forensic psychiatric care-Study protocol for a multicenter cluster randomized trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications. - : Elsevier. - 2451-8654. ; 27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Forensic mental health care is hampered by lack of evidence-based treatments. The Swedish forensic mental health population consists of patients suffering from severe illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorders, similar to populations in international studies. Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) is an intervention for patients with serious mental illness, based on psychoeducational, cognitive-behavioral and motivational components. The purpose is to strengthen participants' illness management skills and recovery.Objective: To test effectiveness of IMR within forensic mental health by comparing it to treatment as usual.Method: This is a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Patients in forensic mental health inpatient units are randomized to an active (IMR) or a control condition (treatment as usual). Clustering of patients is based on ward-units where inpatients are admitted. Patients in the active condition receive two group and one individual IMR sessions per week. The treatment phase is estimated to last nine months. Outcomes include illness related disability, illness management skills, sense of recovery, hope, mental health and security related problems. Outcomes are measured at baseline, four months into treatment, at treatment completion and at three months follow-up. Staff experiences of implementing IMR will be explored by a self-report measure and semi-structured interview based on Normalization Process Theory.Ethics and dissemination: The study is approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Registration No. 2020-02046). Participation will be voluntary based on written informed consent. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed articles and conferences. The study is registered in the US registry of clinical trials (NCT04695132).
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| 3. |
- Björnsdotter, Annika, 1970-
(författare)
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Evaluation of Family Check-Up and iComet : Effectiveness as well as Psychometrics and Norms for Parent Rating Scales
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis compromise four studies, three regarding psychometrics and norms of parent rating scales, and one study regarding effectiveness of two different interventions. A normative sample consisting of 1443 parents with children aged 10 to 13 years old, was used in the Study I, II and III. In Study IV, 231 self-referred parents with children aged 10-13 years old with externalizing behavior problem (EBP) were randomized to either Family Check-Up (FCU) or iComet.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) used in Study I proved to be a reliable and valid instrument with high internal consistency, clear factor structure and high correlation with other similar instruments. In addition, the results support the online use of SDQ as well as using norms obtained through traditional administration even when the SDQ has been administrated online. The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) investigated in Study II was shown to have adequate reliability and construct validity. The specific use of expressive suppression or cognitive reappraisal as a parental emotion regulation strategy was correlated as expected to the couple’s satisfaction, family warmth, and the employment of adequate discipline strategies. Swedish norms for self-rated ERQs are also presented. Study III investigated the Parental Knowledge and Monitoring Scale (PKMS), which was shown to be a useful instrument for assessing parental knowledge and its sources. Family climate appears to moderate important relationships between parental knowledge and conduct problems with implications for such things as family interventions. Finally, a person-oriented analysis was used in Study IV to subtype the children according to combinations of prosocial behavior and EBP, such as different levels of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and/or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) behaviors. Despite being a heterogeneous group of children with EBP, they were meaningfully grouped into significantly different profiles. Both FCU and iComet resulted in post-treatment measurement within non-clinical range for three of the five profiles. The two profiles that included high levels of ADHD behaviors at baseline assessment continued to have residual symptoms post intervention.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Björnsdotter, Annika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of online administered parental Strengths and Difficulties Questionnarie (SDQ), and normative data based on combined online and paper-and-pencil administration
- 2013
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Ingår i: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1753-2000. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo examine the psychometric properties of the online administered parental version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and to provide parental norms from a nationwide Swedish sample.MethodsA total of 1443 parents from of a national probability sample of 2800 children aged 10-13 years completed the SDQ online or as usual (i.e., using paper-and-pencil).ResultsThe SDQ subscales obtained from the online administration showed high internal consistency (polychoric ordinal alpha), and confirmatory factor analysis of the SDQ five factor model resulted in excellent fit. The Total Difficulties score of the SDQ and its other subscales were significantly related to the Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBD) rating scale. Norms for the parent version of SDQ obtained from the Internet were identical to those collected using paper-and-pencil. They were thus combined and are presented sorted by child gender and age.ConclusionsThe SDQ seems to be a reliable and valid instrument given its high internal consistency, clear factor structure and high correlation with other instruments capturing the intended constructs. Findings in the present study support its use for online data collection, as well as using norms obtained through paper-and-pencil-administration even when SDQ has been administrated online.
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| 6. |
- Björnsdotter, Annika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The Importance of Parental Knowledge
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Poor parenting is an important risk factor for development of conduct problems in children and adolescents. Inadequate parental monitoring is an example of a negative parenting behavior that has been shown to predict child conduct problems Findings from previous research on parental monitoring has been mixed due to the use of inconsistent and vague definitions. However, later research suggests that it is "parental knowledge" rather than "parental monitoring" that is associated with child and adolescent conduct problems. In the present study, we used an existing questionnaire that measures three possible sources of parental knowledge: child disclosure, parental solicitation and parental control. Our aims were to 1) examine the factor structure of a parenting monitoring/knowledge scale, 2) analyze if a high level of child disclosure and parental control as well as a low level of parental solicitation were associated to low conduct problems, 3) examine if a measure of family warmth correlates with child disclosure, and 4) whether parental knowledge mediates the relation between parental warmth and conduct problems. Parents of a national probability sample of 2800 children aged 10-13 years old were asked to complete a survey including these different scales. A total of 1446 parents completed the questionnaires. Brief description Analysis of the importance of parental knowledge regarding child disruptive behavior using an existing questionnaire that measures parental knowledge through three possible sources: child disclosure, parental solicitation and parental control.
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| 7. |
- Björnsdotter, Annika, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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The Parental Knowledge and Monitoring Scale : Psychometrics and relations to conduct problems
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigated psychometrics (internal consistency, factor structure) of the Parental Knowledge and Monitoring Scale (PKMS) when used for parents of children aged 10-13 years. We also evaluated PKMS associations to child conduct problems and potential moderators (family warmth, and conflict). Totally 1442 parents participated. The internal consistencies ranged from alpha .70 to .90. A confirmatory factor analysis of the sources of parental knowledge resulted in a fairly acceptable fit for a 4-factor model (Parental Solicitation, Parental Control, Child Disclosure, and Secrecy: RMSEA=.076, CFI=.99, GFI=.94). The subscales correlated positively (Secrecy negatively) with Parental Knowledge. Secrecy was associated with conduct problems in a hierarchical regression analysis. Family warmth and conflict significantly moderated the association of parental knowledge to conduct problems.
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| 8. |
- Blom, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Little All Children in Focus (Little ACF), evaluation of a parental support program for parents of children aged 1–2 years : study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Trials. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1745-6215. ; 24:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Child health and development can be promoted by strengthening and supporting parents. Research on parental support programs based on positive psychology and a health-promoting approach aimed at all parents, and in particular parents of infants is limited. All Children in Focus (ACF) is a parental support program that has been evaluated in a randomized trial in parents of children 3–12 years. The ACF is based on health promotion aiming to increase parents’ confidence and child’s well-being. In the current study, we will study the effects of a revised version of the ACF called Little ACF adapted to parents with children aged 1–2 years.Methods: The study includes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) taking place at several Child Health Centers (CHCs) in Sweden. The RCT will evaluate the efficacy of Little ACF (intervention) in comparison with four digital lectures about child development and parenting (active control). Parents are recruited at the 10-, 12-, or 18-month visits to CHC by CHC-nurses. Data to assess changes in parental competencies and child socio-emotional development are collected through online questionnaires completed by parents at five time points: baseline, post-intervention, after 6 and 12 months, and when the child is 3 years old.Discussion: The paper describes a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of a parental support program during infancy. Several issues related to the methodology and implementation are discussed.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05445141. Registered on 6 July 2022.
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| 9. |
- Bråthén Wijana, Moa, et al.
(författare)
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Preliminary evaluation of an intensive integrated individual and family therapy model for self-harming adolescents
- 2018
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To investigate the outcome of an integrated individual and family therapy (Intensive Contextual Treatment: ICT) in terms of reducing suffering and increasing functional adjustment among self-harming and/or suicidal adolescents with high symptom loads and their families. METHODS: Forty-nine self-harming and/or suicidal adolescents, Mage = 14.6, of predominantly Swedish origin and female gender (85.7%) participated with their parents. The study had a within group design with repeated measures at pre- and post-treatment, as well as six- and twelve-months follow-ups. Self-reports were used for the main outcomes; self-harm rates, suicide attempts, parent-reported days of inpatient/institutional care, internalized and externalized symptoms, perceived stress, emotion regulation, school hours and adjustment. Secondary outcomes were levels of reported expressed emotions within family dyads, as well as parental anxiety, depression and stress. RESULTS: From pre- to post-assessment, the adolescents reported significant reductions of self-harm (p = .001, d = 0.54) and suicide attempts (p < .0001, d = 1.38). Parent-reported days of inpatient/institutional care were reduced, as well as parent- and adolescent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Furthermore, school attendance and adjustment were improved, and the adolescents reported experiencing less criticism while parents reported less emotional over-involvement. The results were maintained at follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS: The adolescents and the parents reported improvements for the main outcomes. This treatment appears promising in keeping the families in treatment and out of hospital, suggesting that an integrative approach may be beneficial and feasible for this group. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study has been approved 19/12 2011, by the regional review board in Stockholm (Dnr 2011/1593-31/5).
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| 10. |
- Enebrink, Pia
(författare)
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Antisocial behaviour in clinically referred boys : early identification and assessment procedures in child psychiatry
- 2005
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Oppositional and aggressive behaviour in children below twelve years of age is a frequent cause of concern for parents and teachers, and a common reason for referral to child and adolescent psychiatry. Whereas most children outgrow these behaviours, a small subgroup is at risk for developing a persistent antisocial lifestyle. Successfully identifying children at risk could prevent potential human and economic suffering of the child, his/her family, potential victim(s) and society. However, predicting which children are at higher risk for future antisocial behaviours is intricate and associated with the perils of mislabelling. Recently, promising approaches for early identification of boys at risk for future antisocial behaviour have been formulated. These include assessments of risk factors (risk assessments) and evaluation of certain personality traits callous-unemotional (CU) traits. CU-traits are defined as patterns of emotional dysregulation, such as a pronounced lack of empathy, remorselessness and shallow affects. The main aim of this thesis was to investigate whether these structured approaches might improve early identification of clinic-referred boys at risk for future antisocial behaviour and to explore clinical child psychiatric work with these children and their families. Method: A combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies was used. A prospective longitudinal multicentre project was initiated in mid-Sweden during 2001. Parents of clinic-referred boys (n = 76) completed questionnaires and participated in a semi-structured researcher-led interview at baseline, yielding information to evaluate the risk for future antisocial behaviour. Parents were then interviewed again after six and thirty months. At the thirty-month follow-up we also included teachers as informants. Child clinicians at each clinic were asked to fill in separate evaluations of the boys risk. Furthermore, a qualitative study was conducted in which narrative interviews with 16 clinicians from seven child psychiatric teams enabled exploration of clinical work with conduct-disordered boys. Results: Assessments of risk for future antisocial behaviour, based on the risk assessment tool Early Assessment Risk List for Boys (EARL-20B), demonstrated acceptable interrater reliability (Paper I). EARL-20B-based assessments were associated with concurrent and prospective estimates of antisocial behaviour (Paper I-II). Combinations of EARL-20B risk factors were tentatively identified through cluster analysis, distinguishing between boys with high and low levels of antisocial behaviour (Paper I). Comparing the EARL-20B-based baseline evaluations with unstructured clinical baseline evaluations of risk and baseline DSM-IV Conduct Disorder (CD) indicated incremental predictive validity of the EARL-20B. The AUC estimate of CD-diagnosis at the thirty-month follow-up was of good accuracy (.87) for the EARL-20B. Further, conduct problem boys (n = 41) high on CU-traits had significantly more pervasive, varied and aggressive disruptive behavioural problems than boys low on these traits. This finding was not explained by the presence of DSM-IV AD/HD and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)/CD symptoms. Boys with CU-traits experienced poorer household circumstances, lived in families under high stress and received less help in school from special teachers than boys low in CU-traits (Paper III). The qualitative study suggested that child psychiatry clinicians consider a multitude of case characteristics when working with antisocial boys (Paper IV). The behaviour of the boys sometimes evoked feelings of fear among caregivers, signalling the need for instant interventions. The teams described a lack of consent and collaboration with other agencies, with unclear responsibilities across organisations. Conclusions: The results suggest that structured assessments of risk and the evaluation of CU-traits can be valuable for identifying severe antisocial behaviour in boys. Early identification procedures touch upon the delicate balance between discerning children at risk to prevent them from repeated violent and norm-breaking behaviours, and the dangers of labelling. When addressing either risk for violence or CU-traits in boys, the purpose, due to ethical considerations, should therefore be to prevent serious antisocial behaviours from occurring through the provision of treatment and other interventions. Over the years, researchers and clinicians have pointed to a need for improved management of antisocial behaviour in child psychiatric services. Improved collaboration and clearer responsibilities among agencies still seem necessary to enable good care and management.
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| 11. |
- Enebrink, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical work with antisocial behaviour in boys : Narrative interviews with clinical teams in Swedish child- and adolescent psychiatry
- 2006
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Ingår i: Children and youth services review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0190-7409 .- 1873-7765. ; 28:6, s. 654-672
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The aim with this study was to deepen the understanding of contextual aspects in child psychiatric clinical work with boys displaying antisocial behaviour. Method: An explorative, qualitative approach, based on team narrations of authentic cases, was used. Results: The results indicate that clinicians consider a multitude of case characteristics when working with this heterogeneous group of boys. The assessment and treatment planning procedure appeared to be intertwined. The teams were unspecific regarding how needs were translated into treatment plans. The behaviour of a boy was discussed to sometimes evoke feelings of fear among parents and clinicians, thus alerting the need for instant interventions. Furthermore, the teams described a lack of consent and collaboration with other agencies. Unclear responsibilities sometimes seemed to affect the possibility to intervene properly. Conclusions: The findings of this study are discussed in relation to evidence-based practices and illustrate how complicated the management of boys with antisocial behaviour can be. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 12. |
- Enebrink, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Föräldrarstöd på selektiv och indikerad nivå : En sammanfattning av forskningsläget
- 2020
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Ingår i: Socialmedicinsk Tidskrift. - 0037-833X. ; 97:5/6, s. 910-932
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- I artikeln ges en översikt av effekterna av selektivt och indikerat föräldrastöd, med ett särskilt fokus på föräldrastöd som syftar till att minska barns beteendeproblem. Vi går igenom den internationella litteraturen och ger exempel på studier från Sverige. Ofta ses att föräldrastödsprogram baserat på social inlärningsteori, ibland kombinerat med anknytningsteori, ger en måttlig, medelstor effekt på barnens beteendeproblem. Artikeln beskriver olika föräldrastödsprogram, ger exempel på moderatorer och processer som utvärderats, och reflekterar kring strategier för ökad tillgång till föräldrastödsprogram.
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| 13. |
- Enebrink, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-based parent management training : A randomized controlled study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Behaviour Research and Therapy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-7967 .- 1873-622X. ; 50:4, s. 240-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The current study evaluated the efficacy of an Internet-based parent-training program for children with conduct problems. Dose-response ratio and costs for the program were also considered. Method: Parents of 104 children (aged 3-12 years) were randomly allocated to either parent training or a waitlist control condition. Diagnostic assessment was conducted at baseline and parent ratings of child externalizing behaviors and parent strategies were completed before and after treatment and at 6-month follow-up. Results: At post-treatment assessment, children whose parent(s) had received the intervention showed a greater reduction in conduct problems compared to the waitlist children. Between group intent-to-treat effect sizes (Cohen's d) on the Eyberg Intensity and Problem scales were .42 and .72, respectively (study completers .66 and 1.08). In addition, parents in the intervention group reported less use of harsh and inconsistent discipline after the treatment, as well as more positive praise. Effects on behavior problems were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Conclusions: The results support the efficacy of parent training, administered through Internet, with outcomes comparable to many of the group-based parent training programs. The efficacy, low cost, and higher accessibility make this intervention a fitting part in a stepped-care model.
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| 14. |
- Enebrink, Pia, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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The emotion regulation questionnaire : Psychometric properties and norms for Swedish parents of children aged 10-13 years
- 2013
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Ingår i: Europe's Journal of Psychology. - : Leibniz Institute for Psychology (ZPID). - 1841-0413. ; 9:2, s. 289-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the internal consistency and factor structure of the Swedish version of the 10-item Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and its relation to family warmth and conflict, marital satisfaction, and parental discipline strategies, in addition to obtaining norms from the general population of parents of children aged 10-13 years. The ERQ has two subscales measuring an individual’s use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression as emotion regulation strategies. A random non-referred sample of parents of 1433 children aged 10-13 years completed the ERQ and other questions targeting the family functioning and couple adjustment (Warmth/Conflict in the family; Dyadic Adjustment Scale-short form) and parental strategies (Parent Practices Interview). The results indicated adequate internal consistencies (Cronbach’s alpha) of the two subscales (cognitive reappraisal .81; expressive suppression .73). Confirmatory factor analysis resulted in close to acceptable fit (RMSEA = 0.089; CFI = 0.912; GFI = 0.93). Norms are presented as percentiles for mothers and fathers. The ERQ cognitive reappraisal scale correlated positively with marital adjustment (DAS), family warmth, appropriate discipline (PPI), and negatively with harsh discipline (PPI). The ERQ expressive suppression subscale was negatively correlated with marital satisfaction (DAS) and family warmth, and positively with harsh discipline (PPI). To conclude, this study showed the adequate reliability and construct validity of the ERQ in a large sample of Swedish parents. Specific use of suppression or reappraisal as a parental emotion regulation strategy was related to couple satisfaction, warmth in the family and employment of adequate discipline strategies in expected direction.
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| 15. |
- Finnes, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and a Workplace Intervention for Employees on Sickness Absence due to Mental Disorders.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 59:12, s. 1211-1220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate cost-effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and workplace dialogue intervention (WDI), both as stand-alone interventions and in combination, compared with treatment as usual (TAU), for employees on sickness absence with mental disorders.METHODS: Employees (n = 352, 78.4% females) on sickness absence were randomized to one of four groups. Cost-utility analyses were conducted from a health care perspective and a limited societal perspective.RESULTS: All groups reported significant improvements in health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) and there were no significant differences in HRQoL or costs between groups. The probability of cost-effectiveness for ACT+WDI was 50% compared with ACT, indicating that both treatment alternatives could be considered equally favorable for decision-makers. TAU and WDI were rejected due to less economic efficiency.CONCLUSION: Adding WDI to ACT cannot be recommended on the basis of our study results.
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| 16. |
- Finnes, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Economic evaluation of return-to-work interventions for mental disorder-related sickness absence : two years follow-up of a randomized clinical trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 48:4, s. 264-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The objective was to (i) assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), a workplace dialog intervention (WDI), and ACT+WDI compared to treatment as usual (TAU) for common mental disorders and (ii) investigate any differences in cost-effectiveness between diagnostic groups.METHODS: An economic evaluation from the healthcare and limited welfare perspectives was conducted alongside a randomized clinical trial with a two-year follow-up period. Persons with common mental disorders receiving sickness benefits were invited to the trial. We used registry data for cost analysis alongside participant data collected during the trial and the reduction in sickness absence days as treatment effect. A total of 264 participants with a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, or stress-induced exhaustion disorder participated in a two-year follow-up of a four-arm trial: ACT (N=74), WDI (N=60), ACT+WDI (N=70), and TAU (N=60).RESULTS: For all patients in general, there were no statistically significant differences between interventions in terms of costs or effect. The subgroup analyses suggested that from a healthcare perspective, ACT was a cost-effective option for depression or anxiety disorders and ACT+WDI for stress-induced exhaustion disorder. With a two-year time horizon, the probability of WDI to be cost-saving in terms of sickness benefits costs was 80% compared with TAU.CONCLUSIONS: ACT had a high probability of cost-effectiveness from a healthcare perspective for employees on sick leave due to depression or anxiety disorders. For participants with stress-induced exhaustion disorder, adding WDI to ACT seems to reduce healthcare costs, while WDI as a stand-alone intervention seems to reduce welfare costs.
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| 17. |
- Finnes, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Psychological treatments for return to work in individuals on sickness absence due to common mental disorders or musculoskeletal disorders : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 92:3, s. 273-293
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Common mental disorders (CMDs) and musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent in the population and cause significant distress and disability, and high costs to society. The main objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the outcome and comparative effectiveness of psychological interventions in reducing sickness absence (SA) due to CMDs or musculoskeletal disorders, compared to a waitlist control group, usual care or another clinical intervention.Methods: We reviewed 3515 abstracts of randomized controlled trials published from 1998 to 2017. Of these, 30 studies were included in the analysis.Results: The psychological interventions were overall more effective than treatment as usual in reducing SA (small effect sizes), but not compared to other clinical interventions. Results were similar for studies on CMDs and musculoskeletal pain. A few significant moderating effects were found for treatment-specific variables. However, these were difficult to interpret as they pointed in different directions.Conclusion: There was a small but significant effect of psychological treatments in reducing SA. We identified areas of improvement such as methodological problems among the included studies and failure to specifically address RTW in the interventions that were evaluated. Clinical implications of the findings, and ways of improving methodological rigour of future studies are discussed.
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| 18. |
- Finnes, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized Controlled Trial of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and a Workplace Intervention for Sickness Absence Due to Mental Disorders.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational Health Psychology. - : Educational Publishing Foundation. - 1076-8998 .- 1939-1307. ; 24:1, s. 198-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mental disorders contribute to high rates of sickness absence (SA) and impaired work functioning. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of 3 interventions targeting SA of workers. Participants (n = 352; 78.4% females) of working age with current employment, and SA due to depression, anxiety disorders, or exhaustion disorder, were recruited to the study and randomized to (a) acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), (b) a workplace dialogue intervention (WDI), (c) a combination of ACT and WDI, or (d) treatment as usual (TAU). For SA days, there was a significant interaction effect for the follow-up period, in which ACT + WDI generated more SA compared with TAU. When diagnostic group was included as a moderator, participants with exhaustion disorder had less SA days in the WDI group compared with TAU. For symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress-related ill health, there were significant interaction effects for ACT and ACT + WDI, when compared with TAU, from pre- to postmeasurement (small to moderate between-groups effect sizes). Within-group effect sizes pre- to postmeasurement (Cohen’s d) ranged from .55 to 1.17 (ACT), .40 to .94 (WDI), .26 to 1.13 (ACT + WI), and −.06 to .70 (TAU). There were no differences between groups during follow-up for symptoms.
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| 19. |
- Giles, Clover, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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The efficacy of psychological prevention, and health promotion interventions targeting psychological health, wellbeing or resilience among forced migrant children and youth : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Springer. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X.
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are over 40 million displaced children and youth worldwide and there is a need promote their mental wellbeing. This study aimed to synthesize evidence regarding promotion interventions to increase wellbeing, resilience, and quality of life (primary outcomes), and prevention interventions to reduce internalizing and externalizing symptoms (secondary outcomes) in this population. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022329978). Medline, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were searched. Inclusion criteria were: ≥ 10 participants, sample ≤ 18 years of age, no parental participation, explicated forced migrant populations, implementation in non-clinical context, and validated measures. Fifteen studies (N interventions = 18, N participants = 5741) were eligible. Two studies included outcomes related to wellbeing and quality of life. The remaining studies reported depression, PTSD, anxiety, internalizing and externalizing behaviours, and behavioural and emotional problems. There was only sufficient data to perform random-effects meta-analysis of depression scores. No significant effects were observed in comparison to control condition in randomized trials (n = 4994, k = 5) but a small significant positive trend was observed in within-group analyses (n = 537, k = 12). Cochrane's risk of bias tools and the GRADE certainty of evidence tool were applied. No studies achieved low risk of bias and certainty of evidence was very low. In sum, there remains a dearth of rigorous intervention studies investigating the effects of promotive and preventative psychological interventions on the wellbeing, resilience, and quality of life of forcibly displaced minors. However, the few eligible studies in this review indicate promise.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- González Moraga, Fernando Renee, et al.
(författare)
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VR-assisted aggression treatment in forensic psychiatry: a qualitative study in patients with severe mental disorders
- 2024
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Ingår i: FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY. - 1664-0640. ; 15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Improvements in virtual reality (VR) have made it possible to create realistic, virtual settings for behavioral assessment and skills training that cannot otherwise be accessed in a safe way in forensic psychiatric settings. VR interventions are under development but little is known how forensic psychiatric patients with severe mental disorders experience VR-assisted assessments or treatments.Methods The present study aimed to help fill this knowledge gap via qualitative interviews with seven patients with severe mental disorders at a high-security forensic psychiatric clinic who had completed the newly revised Virtual Reality Aggression Prevention Training (VRAPT). All participants were interviewed 12 weeks after the VRAPT intervention, and interview data analyzed with manifest inductive content analysis.Results Six manifest content categories were identified: 1. Therapeutic process, 2. VRAPT method, 3. VR technology, 4. Previous treatment experiences, 5. Challenges to treatment of aggression, and 6. Unexpected experiences. The participants had diverse experiences related to both the VRAPT intervention and forensic psychiatric care. Participants described a mixture of positive experiences in relation to VR-assisted role-plays, and less positive in relation to motivation for aggression-focused treatment and technological limitations.Discussion The present findings suggest further studies are needed on how to best implement VR-assisted treatments for aggression in forensic settings, and potentially further modification of treatment content in interventions like VRAPT.
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| 22. |
- Helander, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The Efficacy of Parent Management Training With or Without Involving the Child in the Treatment Among Children with Clinical Levels of Disruptive Behavior : A Meta-analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Child Psychiatry and Human Development. - : Springer Nature. - 0009-398X .- 1573-3327. ; 55, s. 164-181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted where we evaluated the effects of Parent Management Training (PMT), Parent–Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) and PMT combined with child cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) using data from 25 RCTs on children with clinical levels of disruptive behavior (age range 2–13 years). Results showed that PMT (g = 0.64 [95% CI 0.42, 0.86]) and PCIT (g = 1.22 [95% CI 0.75, 1.69]) were more effective than waiting-list (WL) in reducing parent-rated disruptive behavior, and PMT also in improving parental skills (g = 0.83 [95% CI 0.67, 0.98]) and child social skills (g = 0.49 [95% CI 0.30, 0.68]). PCIT versus WL had larger effects in reducing disruptive behavior than PMT versus WL. In the few studies found, the addition of child CBT to PMT did not yield larger effects than PMT or WL. These results support offering PMT to children with clinical levels of disruptive behavior and highlight the additional benefits of PCIT for younger ages.
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| 23. |
- Hogstrom, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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The Moderating Role of Child Callous-Unemotional Traits in an Internet-Based Parent-Management Training Program
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of family psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0893-3200 .- 1939-1293. ; 27:2, s. 314-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although parent management training (PMT) is generally considered the treatment of choice for children with conduct problems, some specific adaptations might be essential for various subgroups of parents or children to benefit well from PMT. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of child callous-unemotional (CU) traits on the outcome of an Internet-based PMT program for parents of children with conduct problems (n = 57; mean age 6.65). Within a randomized controlled trial of PMT, children assigned to the intervention group were categorized and compared as either "high-CU" (n = 8) or "low-CU" (n = 49) based on a cut-off score on the CU subscale of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD; Frick & Hare, 2001). CU traits in children were associated with more severe conduct problems at baseline, as well as more hyperactivity and peer-related problems. Treatment outcome, in terms of conduct-problem reduction, was poor in the high-CU group compared with the low-CU group, despite the fact that parents in both groups improved equally in parenting skills. The same pattern of results emerged after controlling for initial difficulties of conduct problems and other pretreatment differences between the groups. Elevated levels of CU traits in children seem to contribute to an inferior treatment response in PMT. These findings call for more attention on empathy and emotional patterns in the assessment of children with conduct problems.
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| 24. |
- Högström, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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Two-Year Findings from a National Effectiveness Trial : Effectiveness of Behavioral and Non-Behavioral Parenting Programs
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. - New York, USA : Springer. - 0091-0627 .- 1573-2835. ; 45:3, s. 527-542
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term follow-up studies of selective parent training (PT) programs are scarce, particularly in the case of effectiveness trials conducted within regular care settings. This study evaluated the 2-year effects of 4 programs: Comet, Incredible Years, Cope, and Connect and differences in the rate of change among programs were investigated using Latent Growth Modeling (LGM). Participants were parents who had sought help at 30 local service sector units (e.g., child psychiatric clinics and social services centers) for major problems in managing their children's externalizing behavior. Parents of 749 children (63 % boys) with moderate levels of externalizing behavior, aged 3-12, were randomized to one of the 4 PT programs. Assessments included parent-reported measures of child externalizing, hyperactivity and inattention, as well as parenting practices, sense of competence, and parents' stress and depressive symptoms. At 2-year follow-up, there were no differences in any of the child outcomes among the programs. All programs had reduced externalizing behaviors with large effect sizes (d = 1.21 to d = 1.32), and negative parenting practices with moderate to large effect sizes (d = 0.49 to d = 0.83). LGM analyses showed that the 2 behavioral programs, Comet and Incredible Years, produced more rapid reductions in externalizing behavior during the course of the intervention than the non-behavioral program, Connect. Connect, however, was the only program where children continued to improve after the intervention. Overall, the results indicate that the 4 programs were equally effective in a clinical setting, despite differences in their theoretical origin.
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| 25. |
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